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Author |
Scandale, W. et al; Lari, L. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Optimization of the crystal assisted collimation of the SPS beam |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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Volume |
726 |
Issue |
1-3 |
Pages |
182-186 |
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Keywords |
Accelerator; Beam collimation; Crystal; Channeling |
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Abstract |
The possibility for optimization of crystal assisted collimation has been studied at the CERN SPS for stored beams of protons and Pb ions with 270 GeV/c per unit charge. A bent silicon crystal used as a primary collimator deflects halo particles in the channeling regime, directing them into a tungsten absorber. In channeling conditions a strong reduction of off-momentum particle numbers produced in the crystal and absorber, which form collimation leakage, has been observed in the first high dispersion (HD) area downstream. The present study shows that the collimation leakage is minimal for some values of the absorber offset relative to the crystal. The optimal offset value is larger for Pb ions because of their considerably larger ionization losses in the crystal, which cause large increases of particle betatron oscillation amplitudes. The optimal absorber offset allows obtaining maximal efficiency of crystal-assisted collimation. |
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Address |
[Scandale, W.; Arduini, G.; Butcher, M.; Cerutti, F.; Gilardoni, S.; Lari, L.; Lechner, A.; Losito, R.; Masi, A.; Mereghetti, A.; Metral, E.; Mirarchi, D.; Montesano, S.; Redaelli, S.; Schoofs, P.; Smirnov, G.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland, Email: alexander.taratin@cern.ch |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
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Notes |
WOS:000326482200020 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1694 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Muñoz, E.; Barrio, J.; Etxebeste, A.; Ortega, P.G.; Lacasta, C.; Oliver, J.F.; Solaz, C.; Llosa, G. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Performance evaluation of MACACO: a multilayer Compton camera |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
18 |
Pages |
7321-7341 |
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Keywords |
Compton imaging; Compton camera; continuous LaBr3 crystal; silicon photomultiplier; hadron therapy |
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Abstract |
Compton imaging devices have been proposed and studied for a wide range of applications. We have developed a Compton camera prototype which can be operated with two or three detector layers based on monolithic lanthanum bromide (LaBr3) crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs), to be used for proton range verification in hadron therapy. In this work, we present the results obtained with our prototype in laboratory tests with radioactive sources and in simulation studies. Images of a Na-22 and an Y-88 radioactive sources have been successfully reconstructed. The full width half maximum of the reconstructed images is below 4 mm for a Na-22 source at a distance of 5 cm. |
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Address |
[Munoz, Enrique; Barrio, John; Etxebeste, Ane; Ortega, Pablo G.; Lacasta, Carlos; Oliver, Josep F.; Solaz, Carles; Llosa, Gabriela] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: Enrique.Munoz@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000408229900003 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3253 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
An, L.; Auffray, E.; Betti, F.; Dall'Omo, F.; Gascon, D.; Golutvin, A.; Guz, Y.; Kholodenko, S.; Martinazzoli, L.; Mazorra de Cos, J.; Picatoste, E.; Pizzichemi, M.; Roloff, P.; Salomoni, M.; Sanchez, D.; Schopper, A.; Semennikov, A.; Shatalov, P.; Shmanin, E.; Strekalina, D.; Zhang, Y. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Performance of a spaghetti calorimeter prototype with tungsten absorber and garnet crystal fibres |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
1045 |
Issue |
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Pages |
167629 - 7pp |
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Keywords |
Calorimetry; High energy physics (HEP); Particle detectors; Spaghetti calorimeter (SPACAL); Fibres; Scintillating crystals |
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Abstract |
A spaghetti calorimeter (SPACAL) prototype with scintillating crystal fibres was assembled and tested with electron beams of energy from 1 to 5 GeV. The prototype comprised radiation-hard Cerium-doped Gd3Al2Ga3O12 (GAGG:Ce) and Y3Al5O12 (YAG:Ce) embedded in a pure tungsten absorber. The energy resolution root was studied as a function of the incidence angle of the beam and found to be of the order of 10%/ E a 1%, in line with the LHCb Shashlik technology. The time resolution was measured with metal channel dynode photomultipliers placed in contact with the fibres or coupled via a light guide, additionally testing an optical tape to glue the components. Time resolution of a few tens of picosecond was achieved for all the energies reaching down to (18.5 +/- 0.2) ps at 5 GeV. |
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Address |
[An, L.; Auffray, E.; Betti, F.; Dall'Omo, F.; Martinazzoli, L.; Pizzichemi, M.; Roloff, P.; Salomoni, M.; Schopper, A.] European Org Nucl Res CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, Email: loris.martinazzoli@cern.ch |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000882335600001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5413 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Cabanelas, P. et al; Nacher, E. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Performance recovery of long CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals with APD-based readout |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
965 |
Issue |
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Pages |
163845 - 6pp |
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Keywords |
CsI(Tl) scintillator crystals; Energy resolution; Non-uniformity light output; Optical Coupling; Avalanche Photo-Diodes |
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Abstract |
CALIFA is the high efficiency and energy resolution calorimeter for the (RB)-B-3 experiment at FAIR, intended for detecting high energy light charged particles and gamma rays in scattering experiments, and is being commissioned during the Phase-0 experiments at FAIR, between 2018 and 2020. It surrounds the reaction target in a segmented configuration with 2432 detection units made of long CsI(Tl) finger-shaped scintillator crystals. CALIFA has a 10 year intended operational lifetime as the (RB)-B-3 calorimeter, necessitating measures to be taken to ensure enduring performance. In this paper we present a systematic study of two groups of 6 different detection units of the CALIFA detector after more than four years of operation. The energy resolution and light output yield are evaluated under different conditions. Tests cover the aging of the first detector units assembled and investigates recovery procedures for degraded detection units. A possible reason for the observed degradation is given, pointing to the crystal-APD coupling. |
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Address |
[Cabanelas, P.; Gonzalez, D.; Alvarez-Pol, H.; Boillos, J. M.; Cortina, D.; Feijoo, M.; Galiana, E.; Pietras, B.; Rodriguez-Sanchez, J. L.] Univ Santiago Compostela, Inst Galego Fis Altas Enerxias, E-15782 Santiago De Compostela, Spain, Email: pablo.cabanelas@usc.es |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000524338400006 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4363 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gillam, J.E.; Solevi, P.; Oliver, J.F.; Casella, C.; Heller, M.; Joram, C.; Rafecas, M. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Sensitivity recovery for the AX-PET prototype using inter-crystal scattering events |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
4065-4083 |
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Keywords |
positron emission tomography (PET); inter-crystal scattering; sensitivity |
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Abstract |
The development of novel detection devices and systems such as the AX-positron emission tomography (PET) demonstrator often introduce or increase the measurement of atypical coincidence events such as inter-crystal scattering (ICS). In more standard systems, ICS events often go undetected and the small measured fraction may be ignored. As the measured quantity of such events in the data increases, so too does the importance of considering them during image reconstruction. Generally, treatment of ICS events will attempt to determine which of the possible candidate lines of response (LoRs) correctly determine the annihilation photon trajectory. However, methods of assessment often have low success rates or are computationally demanding. In this investigation alternative approaches are considered. Experimental data was taken using the AX-PET prototype and a NEMA phantom. Three methods of ICS treatment were assessed-each of which considered all possible candidate LoRs during image reconstruction. Maximum likelihood expectation maximization was used in conjunction with both standard (line-like) and novel (V-like in this investigation) detection responses modeled within the system matrix. The investigation assumed that no information other than interaction locations was available to distinguish between candidates, yet the methods assessed all provided means by which such information could be included. In all cases it was shown that the signal to noise ratio is increased using ICS events. However, only one method, which used full modeling of the ICS response in the system matrix-the V-like model-provided enhancement in all figures of merit assessed in this investigation. Finally, the optimal method of ICS incorporation was demonstrated using data from two small animals measured using the AX-PET demonstrator. |
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Address |
[Gillam, John E.; Solevi, Paola; Oliver, Josep F.; Rafecas, Magdalena] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Valencia, Spain, Email: john.gillam@sydney.edu.au |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000340056800006 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1879 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Cabello, J.; Etxebeste, A.; Llosa, G.; Ziegler, S.I. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Simulation study of PET detector limitations using continuous crystals |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
60 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
3673-3694 |
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Keywords |
continuous crystals; parallax effects; depth of interaction; high resolution; small animal PET |
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Abstract |
Continuous crystals can potentially obtain better intrinsic detector spatial resolution compared to pixelated crystals, additionally providing depth of interaction (DoI) information from the light distribution. To achieve high performance sophisticated interaction position estimation algorithms are required. There are a number of algorithms in the literature applied to different crystal dimensions and different photodetectors. However, the different crystal properties and photodetector array geometries have an impact on the algorithm performance. In this work we analysed, through Monte Carlo simulations, different combinations of realistic crystals and photodetector parameters to better understand their influence on the interaction position estimation accuracy, with special emphasis on the DoI. We used an interaction position estimation based on an analytical model for the present work. Different photodetector granulation schemes were investigated. The impact of the number of crystal faces readout by photodetectors was studied by simulating scenarios with one and two photodetectors. In addition, crystals with different levels of reflection and aspect ratios (AR) were analysed. Results showed that the impact of photodetector granularity is mainly shown near the edges and specially in the corners of the crystal. The resulting intrinsic spatial resolution near the centre with a 12 x 12 x 10 mm(3) LYSO crystal was 0.7-0.9 mm, while the average spatial resolution calculated on the entire crystal was 0.77 +/- 0.18 mm for all the simulated geometries with one and two photodetectors. Having front and back photodetectors reduced the DoI bias (Euclidean distance between estimated DoI and real DoI) and improved the transversal resolution near the corners. In scenarios with one photodetector, small AR resulted in DoI inaccuracies for absorbed events at the entrance of the crystal. These inaccuracies were slightly reduced either by increasing the AR or reducing the amount of reflected light, and highly mitigated using two photodetectors. Using one photodetector, we obtained a piecewise DoI error model with a DoI resolution of 0.4-0.9 mm for a 1.2 AR crystal, and we observed that including a second photodetector or reducing the amount of reflections reduced the DoI bias but did not significantly improve the DoI resolution. Translating the piecewise DoI error model obtained in this study to image reconstruction we obtained a spatial resolution variability of 0.39 mm using 85% of the FoV, compared to 2.59 mm and 1.87 mm without DoI correction or with a dual layer system, respectively. |
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Address |
[Cabello, Jorge; Ziegler, Sibylle I.] Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Nukl Med Klin & Poliklin, D-80290 Munich, Germany, Email: jorge.cabello@tum.de |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000354104700019 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2226 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Etxebeste, A.; Barrio, J.; Bernabeu, J.; Lacasta, C.; Llosa, G.; Muñoz, E.; Ros, A.; Oliver, J.F. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Study of sensitivity and resolution for full ring PET prototypes based on continuous crystals and analytical modeling of the light distribution |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
035015 - 17pp |
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Keywords |
continuous crystals; NEMA NU 4-2008; positron emission tomography (PET); Monte Carlo simulations; image reconstruction; depth of interaction |
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Abstract |
Sensitivity and spatial resolution are the main parameters to maximize in the performance of a PET scanner. For this purpose, detectors consisting of a combination of continuous crystals optically coupled to segmented photodetectors have been employed. With the use of continuous crystals the sensitivity is increased with respect to the pixelated crystals. In addition, spatial resolution is no longer limited to the crystal size. The main drawback is the difficulty in determining the interaction position. In this work, we present the characterization of the performance of a full ring based on cuboid continuous crystals coupled to SiPMs. To this end, we have employed the simulations developed in a previous work for our experimental detector head. Sensitivity could be further enhanced by using tapered crystals. This enhancement is obtained by increasing the solid angle coverage, reducing the wedge-shaped gaps between contiguous detectors. The performance of the scanners based on both crystal geometries was characterized following NEMA NU 4-2008 standardized protocol in order to compare them. An average sensitivity gain over the entire axial field of view of 13.63% has been obtained with tapered geometry while similar performance of the spatial resolution has been proven with both scanners. The activity at which NECR and true peak occur is smaller and the peak value is greater for tapered crystals than for cuboid crystals. Moreover, a higher degree of homogeneity was obtained in the sensitivity map due to the tighter packing of the crystals, which reduces the gaps and results in a better recovery of homogeneous regions than for the cuboid configuration. Some of the results obtained, such as spatial resolution, depend on the interaction position estimation and may vary if other method is employed. |
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Address |
[Etxebeste, Ane; Barrio, John; Bernabeu, Jose; Lacasta, Carlos; Llosa, Gabriela; Munoz, Enrique; Ros, Ana; Oliver, Josef F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: ane.etxebeste@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000457182500004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3897 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Barrientos, L.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Casana, J.V.; Hueso-Gonzalez, F.; Ros, A.; Roser, J.; Senra, C.; Solaz, C.; Viegas, R.; Llosa, G. |
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
System characterization and performance studies with MACACO III Compton camera |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Radiation Physics and Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Radiat. Phys. Chem. |
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Volume |
208 |
Issue |
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Pages |
110922 - 13pp |
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Keywords |
Compton camera; Scintillator crystals; Silicon photomultipliers |
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Abstract |
The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia has developed a Compton camera prototype. The system detectors are made of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. Two models of silicon photomultipliers arrays with different micro pixel pitch (25 and 50 μm) have been chosen as possible candidates to improve the response of the new system. Characterization studies with a 22Na point-like source have indicated that the 25 μm photodetector provided better performance in terms of energy resolution (5.2% FWHM at 511 keV) and angular resolution (6.9 degrees FWHM at 1275 keV), and more stability with temperature variations. In addition, MACACO III imaging capabilities have been assessed using a structure composed of thirty-seven 22Na point-like sources. Furthermore, in order to evaluate possible ways of improving the system performance, several studies have been carried out by means of simulations both in realistic and performance improved conditions. In this work, the system performance is evaluated for its future application in different areas. |
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Address |
[Barrientos, L.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Casana, J. V.; Hueso-Gonzalez, F.; Ros, A.; Roser, J.; Senra, C.; Solaz, C.; Viegas, R.; Llosa, G.] CSIC UV, Inst Fis Corpuscular IF, Valencia, Spain, Email: Luis.Barrientos@ific.uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0969-806x |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000962800400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5511 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Olmo, G.J.; Rubiera-Garcia, D. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title ![sorted by Title field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
The quantum, the geon and the crystal |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
International Journal of Modern Physics D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1542013 - 15pp |
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Keywords |
Effective geometries; crystalline structures; modified gravity; metric-affine approach; geons |
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Abstract |
Effective geometries arising from a hypothetical discrete structure of spacetime can play an important role in the understanding of the gravitational physics beyond General Relativity (GR). To discuss this question, we make use of lessons from crystalline systems within solid state physics, where the presence of defects in the discrete microstructure of the crystal determine the kind of effective geometry needed to properly describe the system in the macroscopic continuum limit. In this work, we study metric-affine theories with nonmetricity and torsion, which are the gravitational analog of crystalline structures with point defects and dislocations. We consider a crystal-motivated gravitational action and show the presence of topologically nontrivial structures (wormholes) supported by an electromagnetic field. Their existence has important implications for the quantum foam picture and the effective gravitational geometries. We discuss how the dialogue between solid state physics systems and modified gravitational theories can provide useful insights on both sides. |
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Address |
[Olmo, Gonzalo J.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Fac Fis, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: drubiera@fudan.edu.cn |
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Publisher |
World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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ISSN |
0218-2718 |
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Notes |
WOS:000358793200014 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2322 |
|
Permanent link to this record |