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Author  |
Navarro-Madrid, J.R.; Reina-Valero, J.; Diaz-Morcillo, A.; Gimeno, B. |
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Title |
Resonant heterodyne conversion applied to a low-frequency haloscope for dark matter axion searches in the 1-35 MHz range |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2026 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
114 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
095007 - 29pp |
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Abstract |
We study resonant heterodyne up conversion in the RADES-BabyIAXO haloscope as a method to search for low-mass dark matter axions using microwave cavities. Starting from axion electrodynamics, we derive the axion-induced source term and the power extracted through a readout mode, explicitly accounting for the finite axion linewidth. This leads to effective quality factors that determine the pump-axion mixing, detection bandwidth, and detected signal power. We extend the BI-RME 3D full-wave formulation to heterodyne axion detection in a realistic two-port cavity, including pump leakage into the readout channel. Applying the formalism to the largest RADES-BabyIAXO cavity identifies the quasi-TE011-quasi-TM010 mode pair as a favorable configuration, enabling sensitivity to axion frequencies between 0.9 and 34.6 MHz. Analytical and full-wave predictions show excellent agreement at resonance, while the full-wave model provides a more accurate description off resonance and allows a precise characterization of the pump leakage. We also derive the optimal port couplings that maximize the scanning rate. Upper-limit sensitivity for cryogenic copper and superconducting niobium cavities indicate that, under thermal-noise-limited conditions and assuming sufficient pump-leakage rejection, the experiment could probe axionphoton couplings down to 10-15 GeV-1 at 90% confidence level, representing a significant improvement over previous heterodyne-based searches. |
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Address |
[Navarro-Madrid, Jose R.; Diaz-Morcillo, Alejandro] Univ Politecn Cartagena, Dept Tecnol Informac & Comunicac, Plaza Hosp, Cartagena 30202, Spain, Email: joser.navarro@upct.es |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
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Language |
English |
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Original Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Notes |
WOS:001925694000001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
7522 |
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