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Author  |
Abele, H. et al; Algora, A.; Gonzalez-Alonso, M.; Novella, P. |
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Title |
Particle physics at the European Spallation Source |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep. |
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Volume |
1023 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-84 |
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Keywords |
ESS; Neutrons; NNBAR; ESSnuSB; nEDM |
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Abstract |
Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world's brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches). |
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Address |
[Fynbo, H. O. U.; Uggerhoj, U. I.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Aarhus, Denmark, Email: milstead@fysik.su.se |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:001063474900001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5685 |
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Author |
ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL Collaborations, LEP Electroweak Working Group (Schael, S. et al); Costa, M.J.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Oyanguren, A.; Perepelitsa, V.; Salt, J.; Tortosa, P. |
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Title |
Electroweak measurements in electron positron collisions at W-boson-pair energies at LEP |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep. |
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Volume |
532 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
119-244 |
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Keywords |
Electron-positron physics; Electroweak interactions; Decays of heavy intermediate gauge bosons; Fermion-antifermion production; Precision measurements at W-pair energies; Tests of the Standard Model; Radiative corrections; Effective coupling constants; Neutral weak current; Z boson; W boson; Top quark; Higgs boson |
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Abstract |
Electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the electron positron collider LEP at CERN from 1995 to 2000 are reported. The combined data set considered in this report corresponds to a total luminosity of about 3 fb(-1) collected by the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, 13 and OPAL, at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 130 GeV to 209 GeV. Combining the published results of the four LEP experiments, the measurements include total and differential cross-sections in photon-pair, fermion-pair and four-fermion production, the latter resulting from both double-resonant WW and ZZ production as well as singly resonant production. Total and differential cross-sections are measured precisely, providing a stringent test of the Standard Model at centre-of-mass energies never explored before in electron positron collisions. Final-state interaction effects in four-fermion production, such as those arising from colour reconnection and Bose Einstein correlations between the two W decay systems arising in WW production, are searched for and upper limits on the strength of possible effects are obtained. The data are used to determine fundamental properties of the W boson and the electroweak theory. Among others, the mass and width of the W boson, m(w) and Gamma(w), the branching fraction of W decays to hadrons, B(W -> had), and the trilinear gauge-boson self-couplings g(1)(Z), K-gamma and lambda(gamma), are determined to be: m(w) = 80.376 +/- 0.033 GeV Gamma(w) = 2.195 +/- 0.083 GeV B(W -> had) = 67.41 +/- 0.27% g(1)(Z) = 0.984(-0.020)(+0.018) K-gamma – 0.982 +/- 0.042 lambda(gamma) = 0.022 +/- 0.019. |
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Address |
[Schael, S.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Phys, D-52056 Aachen, Germany |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000328723800001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1679 |
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Author |
Antonelli, M. et al; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Pich, A. |
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Title |
Flavor physics in the quark sector |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep. |
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Volume |
494 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
197-414 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
In the past decade, one of the major challenges of particle physics has been to gain an in-depth understanding of the role of quark flavor. In this time frame, measurements and the theoretical interpretation of their results have advanced tremendously. A much broader understanding of flavor particles has been achieved; apart from their masses and quantum numbers, there now exist detailed measurements of the characteristics of their interactions allowing stringent tests of Standard Model predictions. Among the most interesting phenomena of flavor physics is the violation of the CP symmetry that has been subtle and difficult to explore. In the past, observations of CP violation were confined to neutral K mesons, but since the early 1990s, a large number of CP-violating processes have been studied in detail in neutral B mesons. In parallel, measurements of the couplings of the heavy quarks and the dynamics for their decays in large samples of K, D, and B mesons have been greatly improved in accuracy and the results are being used as probes in the search for deviations from the Standard Model. In the near future, there will be a transition from the current to a new generation of experiments; thus a review of the status of quark flavor physics is timely. This report is the result of the work of physicists attending the 5th CKM workshop, hosted by the University of Rome “La Sapienza”, September 9-13, 2008. It summarizes the results of the current generation of experiments that are about to be completed and it confronts these results with the theoretical understanding of the field which has greatly improved in the past decade. |
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Address |
[Cabibbo, N.; Cavoto, G.; Faccini, R.; Ferroni, F.; Franco, E.; Giagu, S.; Martinelli, G.; Rescigno, M.; Silvestrini, L.; Virto, J.] INFN Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy, Email: rfaccini@slac.stanford.edu |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
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Notes |
ISI:000282194400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
374 |
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Author |
Beltran Jimenez, J.; Heisenberg, L.; Olmo, G.J.; Rubiera-Garcia, D. |
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Title |
Born-Infeld inspired modifications of gravity |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep. |
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Volume |
727 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-129 |
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Keywords |
Born-Infeld gravity; Astrophysics; Black holes; Cosmology; Early universe; Compact objects; Singularities |
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Abstract |
General Relativity has shown an outstanding observational success in the scales where it has been directly tested. However, modifications have been intensively explored in the regimes where it seems either incomplete or signals its own limit of validity. In particular, the breakdown of unitarity near the Planck scale strongly suggests that General Relativity needs to be modified at high energies and quantum gravity effects are expected to be important. This is related to the existence of spacetime singularities when the solutions of General Relativity are extrapolated to regimes where curvatures are large. In this sense, Born-Infeld inspired modifications of gravity have shown an extraordinary ability to regularise the gravitational dynamics, leading to non-singular cosmologies and regular black hole spacetimes in a very robust manner and without resorting to quantum gravity effects. This has boosted the interest in these theories in applications to stellar structure, compact objects, inflationary scenarios, cosmological singularities, and black hole and wormhole physics, among others. We review the motivations, various formulations, and main results achieved within these theories, including their observational viability, and provide an overview of current open problems and future research opportunities. |
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Address |
[Beltran Jimenez, Jose] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain, Email: jose.beltran@uam.es; |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000425482900001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3497 |
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Author |
Del Debbio, L.; Ramos, A. |
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Title |
Lattice determinations of the strong coupling |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep.-Rev. Sec. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
920 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-71 |
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Keywords |
QCD; Renormalization; Strong coupling; Lattice field theory |
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Abstract |
Lattice QCD has reached a mature status. State of the art lattice computations include u, d, s (and even the c) sea quark effects, together with an estimate of electromagnetic and isospin breaking corrections for hadronic observables. This precise and first principles description of the standard model at low energies allows the determination of multiple quantities that are essential inputs for phenomenology and not accessible to perturbation theory. One of the fundamental parameters that are determined from simulations of lattice QCD is the strong coupling constant, which plays a central role in the quest for precision at the LHC. Lattice calculations currently provide its best determinations, and will play a central role in future phenomenological studies. For this reason we believe that it is timely to provide a pedagogical introduction to the lattice determinations of the strong coupling. Rather than analysing individual studies, the emphasis will be on the methodologies and the systematic errors that arise in these determinations. We hope that these notes will help lattice practitioners, and QCD phenomenologists at large, by providing a self-contained introduction to the methodology and the possible sources of systematic error. The limiting factors in the determination of the strong coupling turn out to be different from the ones that limit other lattice precision observables. We hope to collect enough information here to allow the reader to appreciate the challenges that arise in order to improve further our knowledge of a quantity that is crucial for LHC phenomenology. Crown Copyright & nbsp;(c) 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Del Debbio, Luigi] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Phys & Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, Midlothian, Scotland, Email: luigi.del.debbio@ed.ac.uk; |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000659901700001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4843 |
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Author |
Olmo, G.J.; Rubiera-Garcia, D.; Wojnar, A. |
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Title |
Stellar structure models in modified theories of gravity: Lessons and challenges |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep. |
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Volume |
876 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-75 |
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Keywords |
Stellar structure; Modified gravity; Palatini formalism; Neutron stars; Brown dwarfs; Relativistic stars; Weak field; f(R) theories; Born-Infeld theory; Horndeski theory |
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Abstract |
The understanding of stellar structure represents the crossroads of our theories of the nuclear force and the gravitational interaction under the most extreme conditions observably accessible. It provides a powerful probe of the strong field regime of General Relativity, and opens fruitful avenues for the exploration of new gravitational physics. The latter can be captured via modified theories of gravity, which modify the Einstein-Hilbert action of General Relativity and/or some of its principles. These theories typically change the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations of stellar's hydrostatic equilibrium, thus having a large impact on the astrophysical properties of the corresponding stars and opening a new window to constrain these theories with present and future observations of different types of stars. For relativistic stars, such as neutron stars, the uncertainty on the equation of state of matter at supranuclear densities intertwines with the new parameters coming from the modified gravity side, providing a whole new phenomenology for the typical predictions of stellar structure models, such as mass-radius relations, maximum masses, or moment of inertia. For non-relativistic stars, such as white, brown and red dwarfs, the weakening/strengthening of the gravitational force inside astrophysical bodies via the modified Newtonian (Poisson) equation may induce changes on the star's mass, radius, central density or luminosity, having an impact, for instance, in the Chandrasekhar's limit for white dwarfs, or in the minimum mass for stable hydrogen burning in high-mass brown dwarfs. This work aims to provide a broad overview of the main such results achieved in the recent literature for many such modified theories of gravity, by combining the results and constraints obtained from the analysis of relativistic and non-relativistic stars in different scenarios. Moreover, we will build a bridge between the efforts of the community working on different theories, formulations, types of stars, theoretical modelings, and observational aspects, highlighting some of the most promising opportunities in the field. |
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Address |
[Olmo, Gonzalo J.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Ctr Mixto, CSIC, Valencia 46100, Spain, Email: gonzalo.olmo@uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000570298900001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4531 |
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Author |
Pastore, A.; Davesne, D.; Navarro, J. |
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Title |
Linear response of homogeneous nuclear matter with energy density functionals |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Physics Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rep. |
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Volume |
563 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-67 |
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Keywords |
Skyrme functional; Linear response theory; Landau parameters |
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Abstract |
Response functions of infinite nuclear matter with arbitrary isospin asymmetry are studied in the framework of the random phase approximation. The residual interaction is derived from a general nuclear Skyrme energy density functional. Besides the usual central, spin-orbit and tensor terms it could also include other components as new density-dependent terms or three-body terms. Algebraic expressions for the response functions are obtained from the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the particle-hole propagator. Applications to symmetric nuclear matter, pure neutron matter and asymmetric nuclear matter are presented and discussed. Spin-isospin strength functions are analyzed for varying conditions of density, momentum transfer, isospin asymmetry, and temperature for some representative Skyrme functionals. Particular attention is paid to the discussion of instabilities, either real or unphysical, which could manifest in finite nuclei. |
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Address |
[Pastore, A.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Inst Astron & Astrophys, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, Email: davesne@ipnl.in2p3.fr |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0370-1573 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000350515400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2143 |
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