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Author |
Assam, I.; Vijande, J.; Ballester, F.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Poppe, B.; Siebert, F.A. |
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Title  |
Evaluation of dosimetric effects of metallic artifact reduction and tissue assignment on Monte Carlo dose calculations for I-125 prostate implants |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
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Pages |
6195-6208 |
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Keywords |
metallic artifact reduction; Monte Carlo dosimetry; post-implant CT; prostate brachytherapy; tissue assignment schemes; voxelized virtual patient model |
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Abstract |
Purpose Monte Carlo (MC) simulation studies, aimed at evaluating the magnitude of tissue heterogeneity in I-125 prostate permanent seed implant brachytherapy (BT), customarily use clinical post-implant CT images to generate a virtual representation of a realistic patient model (virtual patient model). Metallic artifact reduction (MAR) techniques and tissue assignment schemes (TAS) are implemented on the post-implant CT images to mollify metallic artifacts due to BT seeds and to assign tissue types to the voxels corresponding to the bright seed spots and streaking artifacts, respectively. The objective of this study is to assess the combined influence of MAR and TAS on MC absorbed dose calculations in post-implant CT-based phantoms. The virtual patient models used for I-125 prostate implant MC absorbed dose calculations in this study are derived from the CT images of an external radiotherapy prostate patient without BT seeds and prostatic calcifications, thus averting the need to implement MAR and TAS. Methods The geometry of the IsoSeed I25.S17plus source is validated by comparing the MC calculated results of the TG-43 parameters for the line source approximation with the TG-43U1S2 consensus data. Four MC absorbed dose calculations are performed in two virtual patient models using the egs_brachy MC code: (1) TG-43-based D-w,w-TG(43), (2) D-w,D-w-MBDC that accounts for interseed scattering and attenuation (ISA), (3) D-m,D-m that examines ISA and tissue heterogeneity by scoring absorbed dose in tissue, and (4) D-w,D-m that unlike D-m,D-m scores absorbed dose in water. The MC absorbed doses (1) and (2) are simulated in a TG-43 patient phantom derived by assigning the densities of every voxel to 1.00 g cm(-3) (water), whereas MC absorbed doses (3) and (4) are scored in the TG-186 patient phantom generated by mapping the mass density of each voxel to tissue according to a CT calibration curve. The MC absorbed doses calculated in this study are compared with VariSeed v8.0 calculated absorbed doses. To evaluate the dosimetric effect of MAR and TAS, the MC absorbed doses of this work (independent of MAR and TAS) are compared to the MC absorbed doses of different I-125 source models from previous studies that were calculated with different MC codes using post-implant CT-based phantoms generated by implementing MAR and TAS on post-implant CT images. Results The very good agreement of TG-43 parameters of this study and the published consensus data within 3% validates the geometry of the IsoSeed I25.S17plus source. For the clinical studies, the TG-43-based calculations show a D-90 overestimation of more than 4% compared to the more realistic MC methods due to ISA and tissue composition. The results of this work generally show few discrepancies with the post-implant CT-based dosimetry studies with respect to the D-90 absorbed dose metric parameter. These discrepancies are mainly Type B uncertainties due to the different I-125 source models and MC codes. Conclusions The implementation of MAR and TAS on post-implant CT images have no dosimetric effect on the I-125 prostate MC absorbed dose calculation in post-implant CT-based phantoms. |
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Address |
[Assam, Isong; Siebert, Frank-Andre] UKSH, Clin Radiotherapy Radiooncol, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany, Email: Isong.Assam@uksh.de |
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Wiley |
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English |
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ISSN |
0094-2405 |
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Notes |
WOS:000835807200001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5321 |
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Author |
Garani, R.; Palomares-Ruiz, S. |
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Title |
Evaporation of dark matter from celestial bodies |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
05 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
042 - 53pp |
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Keywords |
dark matter detectors; dark matter theory; massive stars; stars |
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Abstract |
Scatterings of galactic dark matter (DM) particles with the constituents of celestial bodies could result in their accumulation within these objects. Nevertheless, the finite temperature of the medium sets a minimum mass, the evaporation mass, that DM particles must have in order to remain trapped. DM particles below this mass are very likely to scatter to speeds higher than the escape velocity, so they would be kicked out of the capturing object and escape. Here, we compute the DM evaporation mass for all spherical celestial bodies in hydrostatic equilibrium, spanning the mass range [10(-)(10) – 10(2)] M-circle dot, for constant scattering cross sections and s-wave annihilations. We illustrate the critical importance of the exponential tail of the evaporation rate, which has not always been appreciated in recent literature, and obtain a robust result: for the geometric value of the scattering cross section and for interactions with nucleons, at the local galactic position, the DM evaporation mass for all spherical celestial bodies in hydrostatic equilibrium is approximately given by E-c/T-chi similar to 30, where E-c is the escape energy of DM particles at the core of the object and T-chi is their temperature. In that case, the minimum value of the DM evaporation mass is obtained for super-Jupiters and brown dwarfs, m(ev)(ap) similar or equal to 0.7 GeV. For other values of the scattering cross section, the DM evaporation mass only varies by a factor smaller than three within the range 10(-41) cm(2) <= sigma(p) <= 10(-31) cm(2), where sigma(p) is the spin-independent DM-nucleon scattering cross section. Its dependence on parameters such as the galactic DM density and velocity, or the scattering and annihilation cross sections is only logarithmic, and details on the density and temperature profiles of celestial bodies have also a small impact. |
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Address |
[Garani, Raghuveer] INFN Sez Firenze, Via G Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy, Email: garani@fi.infn.it; |
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IOP Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000804029400004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5243 |
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Author |
Otten, S.; Caron, S.; de Swart, W.; van Beekveld, M.; Hendriks, L.; van Leeuwen, C.; Podareanu, D.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Verheyen, R. |
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Title |
Event generation and statistical sampling for physics with deep generative models and a density information buffer |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
2985 - 16pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Simulating nature and in particular processes in particle physics require expensive computations and sometimes would take much longer than scientists can afford. Here, we explore ways to a solution for this problem by investigating recent advances in generative modeling and present a study for the generation of events from a physical process with deep generative models. The simulation of physical processes requires not only the production of physical events, but to also ensure that these events occur with the correct frequencies. We investigate the feasibility of learning the event generation and the frequency of occurrence with several generative machine learning models to produce events like Monte Carlo generators. We study three processes: a simple two-body decay, the processes e(+)e(-)-> Z -> l(+)l(-) and pp -> tt<mml:mo><overbar></mml:mover> including the decay of the top quarks and a simulation of the detector response. By buffering density information of encoded Monte Carlo events given the encoder of a Variational Autoencoder we are able to construct a prior for the sampling of new events from the decoder that yields distributions that are in very good agreement with real Monte Carlo events and are generated several orders of magnitude faster. Applications of this work include generic density estimation and sampling, targeted event generation via a principal component analysis of encoded ground truth data, anomaly detection and more efficient importance sampling, e.g., for the phase space integration of matrix elements in quantum field theories. Here, the authors report buffered-density variational autoencoders for the generation of physical events. This method is computationally less expensive over other traditional methods and beyond accelerating the data generation process, it can help to steer the generation and to detect anomalies. |
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Address |
[Otten, Sydney; Caron, Sascha; de Swart, Wieske; van Beekveld, Melissa; Hendriks, Luc; Verheyen, Rob] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Math Astro & Particle Phys IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Email: Sydney.Otten@ru.nl |
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Publisher |
Nature Research |
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English |
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ISSN |
2041-1723 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000658761600003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4862 |
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Author |
KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Alves Garre, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V.; Colomer, M.; Corredoira, I; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Illuminati, G.; Khan Chowdhury, N.R.; Manczak, J.; Pieterse, C.; Real, D.; Salesa Greus, F.; Thakore, T.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. |
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Title |
Event reconstruction for KM3NeT/ORCA using convolutional neural networks |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
P10005 - 39pp |
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Keywords |
Cherenkov detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Neutrino detectors; Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors |
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Abstract |
The KM3NeT research infrastructure is currently under construction at two locations in the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ORCA water-Cherenkov neutrino detector off the French coast will instrument several megatons of seawater with photosensors. Its main objective is the determination of the neutrino mass ordering. This work aims at demonstrating the general applicability of deep convolutional neural networks to neutrino telescopes, using simulated datasets for the KM3NeT/ORCA detector as an example. To this end, the networks are employed to achieve reconstruction and classification tasks that constitute an alternative to the analysis pipeline presented for KM3NeT/ORCA in the KM3NeT Letter of Intent. They are used to infer event reconstruction estimates for the energy, the direction, and the interaction point of incident neutrinos. The spatial distribution of Cherenkov light generated by charged particles induced in neutrino interactions is classified as shower- or track-like, and the main background processes associated with the detection of atmospheric neutrinos are recognized. Performance comparisons to machine-learning classification and maximum-likelihood reconstruction algorithms previously developed for KM3NeT/ORCA are provided. It is shown that this application of deep convolutional neural networks to simulated datasets for a large-volume neutrino telescope yields competitive reconstruction results and performance improvements with respect to classical approaches. |
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Address |
[Aiello, S.; Leonora, E.; Longhitano, F.; Randazzo, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy, Email: thomas.eberl@fau.de; |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000577278000005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4570 |
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Author |
Barenboim, G.; Bosch, C.; Lopez-Ibañez, M.L.; Vives, O. |
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Title |
Eviction of a 125 GeV “heavy”-Higgs from the MSSM |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
051 - 39pp |
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Keywords |
Higgs Physics; Beyond Standard Model; Supersymmetric Standard Model |
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Abstract |
We prove that the present experimental constraints are already enough to rule out the possibility of the similar to 125 GeV Higgs found at LHC being the second lightest Higgs in a general MSSM context, even with explicit CP violation in the Higgs potential. Contrary to previous studies, we are able to eliminate this possibility analytically, using simple expressions for a relatively small number of observables. We show that the present LHC constraints on the diphoton signal strength, tau tau production through Higgs and BR(B -> X-s gamma) are enough to preclude the possibility of H-2 being the observed Higgs with m(H) similar or equal to 125 GeV within an MSSM context, without leaving room for finely tuned cancellations. As a by-product, we also comment on the difficulties of an MSSM interpretation of the excess in the gamma gamma production cross section recently found at CMS that could correspond to a second Higgs resonance at m(H) similar or equal to 136 GeV. |
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Address |
[Barenboim, G.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, CSIC, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Gabriela.Barenboim@uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Springer |
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English |
Summary Language |
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ISSN |
1029-8479 |
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Notes |
WOS:000326721200001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1652 |
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Author |
LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J. |
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Title |
Evidence for a New Structure in the J/psi p and J/psi(p)over-bar Systems in B-s(0) -> J/psi p(p)over-bar Decays |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Physical Review Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Lett. |
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Volume |
128 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
062001 - 11pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
An amplitude analysis of flavor-untagged B-s(0) -> J=psi p (p) over bar decays is performed using a sample of 797 +/- 31 decays reconstructed with the LHCb detector. The data, collected in proton-proton collisions between 2011 and 2018, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb(-1). Evidence for a new structure in the J=psi p and J=psi(p) over bar systems with a mass of 4337(-4-2)(+7+2) MeV and a width of 29(-12-14)(+26+14) MeV is found, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, with a significance in the range of 3.1 to 3.7 sigma, depending on the assigned J(P) hypothesis. |
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Address |
[Aaij, R.; Leite, J. Baptist; Bediaga, I; Torres, M. Cruz; De Miranda, J. M.; Dos Reis, A. C.; Gomes, A.; Massafferri, A.; Machado, D. Torres] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9007 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000759202300001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5157 |
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Author |
LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Garcia Martin, L.M.; Henry, L.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J.; Sanchez Mayordomo, C. |
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Title |
Evidence for an etac(1S)pi- resonance in B0 etac(1S)K+pi- decays |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
European Physical Journal C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur. Phys. J. C |
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Volume |
78 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1019 - 23pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
A Dalitz plot analysis of /30 ric(1S)K+7decays is performed using data samples of pp collisions collected with the LHCb detector at centre -of -mass energies of./7 = 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb-1. A satisfactory description of the data is obtained when including a contribution representing an exotic qc (1 S).7-- resonant state. The significance of this exotic resonance is more than three standard deviations, while its mass and width are 4096 20 is MeV and 152 +58 -P6 MeV, respectively. The spin -parity assignments JP = 0+ and JP = 1- are both consistent with the data. In addition, the first measurement of the B -> ric(1S)K+71-branching fraction is performed and gives B(B -> = (5.73 0.24 0.13 0.66) x 10-4, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third is due to limited knowledge of external branching fractions. |
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Address |
[Bediaga, I.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Email: giovanni.cavallero@cern.ch |
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Publisher |
Springer |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1434-6044 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
WOS:000453398100001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3849 |
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Author |
ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Aparisi Pozo, J.A.; Bailey, A.J.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo, F.L.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M.J.; Escobar, C.; Estrada Pastor, O.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fullana Torregrosa, E.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Gonzalvo Rodriguez, G.R.; Guerrero Rojas, J.G.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Lacasta, C.; Lozano Bahilo, J.J.; Madaffari, D.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miñano, M.; Mitsou, V.A.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Rodriguez Bosca, S.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Salt, J.; Santra, A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Valero, A.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Vos, M. |
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Title |
Evidence for electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z gamma pair in pp collisions at root S=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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Volume |
803 |
Issue |
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Pages |
135341 - 23pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Evidence for electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z gamma pair in root s = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. The analysis uses data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1). Events that contain a Z boson candidate decaying leptonically into either e(+)e(-) or mu(+)mu(-), a photon, and two jets are selected. The electroweak component is measured with observed and expected significances of 4.1 standard deviations. The fiducial cross-section for electroweak production is measured to be sigma(Z gamma jj-Ew) = 7.8 +/- 2.0 fb, in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction. |
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Address |
[Deliot, F.; Duvnjak, D.; Jackson, P.; Kong, A. X. Y.; Oliver, J. L.; Petridis, A.; Qureshi, A.; Sharma, A. S.; White, M. J.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000521730300023 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4354 |
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Author |
AGATA Collaboration (Liu, X. et al); Gadea, A.; Jurado, M.; Domingo-Pardo, C.; Huyuk, T.; Perez-Vidal, R.M. |
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Title |
Evidence for enhanced neutron-proton correlations from the level structure of the N = Z+1 nucleus Tc-87(43)44 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
L021302 - 5pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The low-lying excited states in the neutron-deficient N = Z + 1 nucleus (87)(43)Tcc(44) have been studied via the fusion-evaporation reaction Fe-54(Ar-36, 2n1p)Tc-87 at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), France. The AGATA spectrometer was used in conjunction with the auxiliary NEDA, Neutron Wall, and DIAMANT detector arrays to measure coincident prompt gamma rays, neutrons, and charged particles emitted in the reaction. A level scheme of Tc-87 from the (9/2(g.s.)(+)) state to the (33/2(1)(+)) state was established based on six mutually coincident gamma-ray transitions. The constructed level structure exhibits a rotational behavior with a sharp backbending at (h) over bar omega approximate to 0.50 MeV. A decrease in alignment frequency and increase in alignment sharpness in the odd-mass isotonic chains around N = 44 is proposed as an effect of the enhanced isoscalar neutron-proton interactions in odd-mass nuclei when approaching the N = Z line. |
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Address |
[Liu, X.; Cederwall, B.; Qi, C.; Wyss, R. A.; Aktas, O.; Ertoprak, A.; Zhang, W.; Nyberg, A. Atac; Back, T.] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden, Email: xiaoyuli@kth.se |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2469-9985 |
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WOS:000686912200001 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4942 |
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Author |
ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Aparisi Pozo, J.A.; Bailey, A.J.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Cardillo, F.; Castillo, F.L.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M.J.; Escobar, C.; Estrada Pastor, O.; Fiorini, L.; Fullana Torregrosa, E.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Gonzalvo Rodriguez, G.R.; Guerrero Rojas, J.G.R.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Lacasta, C.; Lozano Bahilo, J.J.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Martinez Agullo, P.; Miralles Lopez, M.; Mitsou, V.A.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Navarro-Gonzalez, J.; Poveda, J.; Prades Ibañez, A.; Rodriguez Bosca, S.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Sabatini, P.; Salt, J.; Sayago Galvan, I.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M. |
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Title |
Evidence for Higgs boson decays to a low-mass dilepton system and a photon in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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819 |
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136412 - 22pp |
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Abstract |
A search for the Higgs boson decaying into a photon and a pair of electrons or muons with an invariant mass m(ll) < 30 GeV is presented. The analysis is performed using 139 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data, produced by the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and collected by the ATLAS experiment. Evidence for the H -> ll(gamma) process is found with a significance of 3.2 over the background-only hypothesis, compared to an expected significance of 2.1 for the Standard Model prediction. The best-fit value of the signal-strength parameter, defined as the ratio of the observed signal yield to the one expected in the Standard Model, is μ= 1.5 +/- 0.5. The Higgs boson production cross-section times the H -> ll(gamma) branching ratio for m(ll) < 30 GeV is determined to be 8.7(-2.7)(+2.8) fb. |
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[Duvnjak, D.; Jackson, P.; Kong, A. X. Y.; Oliver, J. L.; Ruggeri, T. A.; Sharma, A. S.; White, M. J.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
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Notes |
WOS:000679259200033 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4922 |
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