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Author Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Colloquium: Time-reversal violation with quantum-entangled B mesons Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Reviews of Modern Physics Abbreviated Journal Rev. Mod. Phys.  
  Volume 87 Issue 1 Pages 165-182  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Symmetry transformations have been proven a bedrock tool for understanding the nature of particle interactions, formulating, and testing fundamental theories. Based on the up to now unbroken CPT symmetry, the violation of the CP symmetry between matter and antimatter by weak interactions, discovered in the decay of kaons in 1964 and observed more recently in 2001 in B mesons, strongly suggests that the behavior of these particles under weak interactions must also be asymmetric under time reversal T. However, until recent years there has not been a direct detection of the expected time-reversal violation in the time evolution of any system. This Colloquium examines the field of time-reversal symmetry breaking in the fundamental laws of physics. For transitions, its observation requires an asymmetry with exchange of initial and final states. A discussion is given of the conceptual basis for such an exchange with unstable particles, using the quantum properties of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement available at B meson factories combined with the decay as a filtering measurement. The method allows a clear-cut separation of different transitions between flavor and CP eigenstates in the decay of neutral B mesons. These ideas have been implemented for the experiment by the BABAR Collaboration at SLAC's B factory. The results, presented in 2012, prove beyond any doubt the violation of time-reversal invariance in the time evolution between these two states of the neutral B meson.  
  Address [Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0034-6861 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000352076500001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2179  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Mavromatos, N.E.; Villanueva-Perez, P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Consistent probabilistic description of the neutral Kaon system Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Physics Letters B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Lett. B  
  Volume 724 Issue 4-5 Pages 269-273  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The neutral Kaon system has both CF violation in the mass matrix and a non-vanishing lifetime difference in the width matrix. This leads to an effective Hamiltonian which is not a normal operator, with incompatible (non-commuting) masses and widths. In the Weisskopf-Wigner Approach (WWA), by diagonalizing the entire Hamiltonian, the unphysical non-orthogonal “stationary” states K-L,K-S are obtained. These states have complex eigenvalues whose real (imaginary) part does not coincide with the eigenvalues of the mass (width). matrix. In this work we describe the system as an open Lindblad-type quantum mechanical system due to Kaon decays. This approach, in terms of density matrices for initial and final states, provides a consistent probabilistic description, avoiding the standard problems because the width matrix becomes a composite operator not included in the Hamiltonian. We consider the dominant decay channel to two pions, so that one of the Kaon states with definite lifetime becomes stable. This new approach provides results for the time dependent decay rates in agreement with those of the WWA.  
  Address [Bernabeu, J.; Villanueva-Perez, P.] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: pablo.villanueva@uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Science Bv Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0370-2693 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000322358500011 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 1526  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Espinoza, C.; Mavromatos, N.E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Cosmological constant and local gravity Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Physical Review D Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. D  
  Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 084002 - 7pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We discuss the linearization of Einstein equations in the presence of a cosmological constant, by expanding the solution for the metric around a flat Minkowski space-time. We demonstrate that one can find consistent solutions to the linearized set of equations for the metric perturbations, in the Lorentz gauge, which are not spherically symmetric, but they rather exhibit a cylindrical symmetry. We find that the components of the gravitational field satisfying the appropriate Poisson equations have the property of ensuring that a scalar potential can be constructed, in which both contributions, from ordinary matter and Lambda > 0, are attractive. In addition, there is a novel tensor potential, induced by the pressure density, in which the effect of the cosmological constant is repulsive. We also linearize the Schwarzschild-de Sitter exact solution of Einstein's equations ( due to a generalization of Birkhoff's theorem) in the domain between the two horizons. We manage to transform it first to a gauge in which the 3-space metric is conformally flat and, then, make an additional coordinate transformation leading to the Lorentz gauge conditions. We compare our non-spherically symmetric solution with the linearized Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric, when the latter is transformed to the Lorentz gauge, and we find agreement. The resulting metric, however, does not acquire a proper Newtonian form in terms of the unique scalar potential that solves the corresponding Poisson equation. Nevertheless, our solution is stable, in the sense that the physical energy density is positive.  
  Address [Bernabeu, Jose; Espinoza, Catalina] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1550-7998 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000277205000057 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ elepoucu @ Serial 460  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Di Domenico, A.; Villanueva-Perez, P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Direct test of time reversal symmetry in the entangled neutral kaon system at a phi-factory Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Nuclear Physics B Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Phys. B  
  Volume 868 Issue 1 Pages 102-119  
  Keywords Time reversal violation; Discrete symmetries; Neutral kaons; phi-Factory  
  Abstract We present a novel method to perform a direct T (time reversal) symmetry test in the neutral kaon system, independent of any CP and/or CPT symmetry tests. This is based on the comparison of suitable transition probabilities, where the required interchange of in <-> out states for a given process is obtained exploiting the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen correlations of neutral kaon pairs produced at a phi-factory. In the time distribution between the two decays, we compare a reference transition like the one defined by the time-ordered decays (l(-), pi pi) with the T-conjugated one defined by (3 pi(0), l(+)). With the use of this and other T-conjugated comparisons, the KLOE-2 experiment at DA Phi NE could make a statistically significant test.  
  Address [Bernabeu, J.; Villanueva-Perez, P.] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, Valencia, Spain, Email: jose.bernabeu@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Science Bv Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0550-3213 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000314194800006 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 1320  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author KLOE-2 Collaboration (Babusci, D. et al); Bernabeu, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Direct tests of T, CP, CPT symmetries in transitions of neutral K mesons with the KLOE experiment Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Physics Letters B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Lett. B  
  Volume 845 Issue Pages 138164 - 11pp  
  Keywords Discrete and finite symmetries; Kaon physics; CP violation  
  Abstract Tests of the T, CP and CPT symmetries in the neutral kaon system are performed by the direct comparison of the probabilities of a kaon transition process to its symmetry-conjugate. The exchange of in and out states required for a genuine test involving an antiunitary transformation implied by time-reversal is implemented exploiting the entanglement of K0K0 pairs produced at a 0 -factory.A data sample collected by the KLOE experiment at DAONE corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 1.7 fb-1 is analysed to study the At distributions of the 0 -> KSKL -> pi+pi- pi +/- e -/+ v and 0 -> KSKL -> pi +/- e -/+ v3 pi 0 processes, with At the difference of the kaon decay times. A comparison of the measured At distributions in the asymptotic region At ⠅ iS allows to test for the first time T and CPT symmetries in kaon transitions with a precision of few percent, and to observe CP violation with this novel method.  
  Address [Mandaglio, G.] INFN, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy, Email: eryk.czerwinski@uj.edu.pl  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0370-2693 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:001080223500001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5704  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Discrete Symmetries CP,T,CPT Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Acta Physica Polonica B Abbreviated Journal Acta Phys. Pol. B  
  Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 417-424  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The role of symmetry breaking mechanisms to search for new physics is of highest importance. We discuss the status and prospects of the discrete symmetries CP, T, CPT looking for their separate violation in LHC experiments and meson factories.  
  Address [Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46003 Valencia, Spain, Email: jose.bernabeu@uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0587-4254 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000373493700022 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2628  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Segarra, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Disentangling Genuine from Matter-Induced CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillations Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.  
  Volume 121 Issue 21 Pages 211802 - 5pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We prove that, in any flavor transition, neutrino oscillation CP-violating asymmetries in matter have two disentangled components: (i) a CPT-odd T-invariant term, non-vanishing iff there are interactions with matter, and (ii) a T-odd CPT-invariant term, non-vanishing iff there is genuine CP violation. As function of the baseline, these two terms are distinct L-even and L-odd observables to separately test (i) matter effects sensitive to the neutrino hierarchy and (ii) genuine CP violation in the neutrino sector. For the golden nu(mu) -> nu(e) channel, the different energy distributions of the two components provide a signature of their separation. At long baselines, they show oscillations in the low and medium energy regions, with zeros at different positions and peculiar behavior around the zeros. We discover a magic energy E = (0.91 +/- 0.01) GeV at L = 1300 km with vanishing CPT-odd component and maximal genuine CP asymmetry proportional to sin delta, with delta the weak CP phase. For energies above 1.5 GeV, the sign of the CP asymmetry discriminates the neutrino hierarchy.  
  Address [Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000451010600005 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3815  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Segarra, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Do T asymmetries for neutrino oscillations in uniform matter have a CP-even component? Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.  
  Volume 03 Issue 3 Pages 103 - 12pp  
  Keywords CP violation; Discrete Symmetries; Neutrino Physics  
  Abstract Observables of neutrino oscillations in matter have, in general, contributions from the effective matter potential. It contaminates the CP violation asymmetry adding a fake effect that has been recently disentangled from the genuine one by their different behavior under T and CPT. Is the genuine T-odd CPT-invariant component of the CP asymmetry coincident with the T asymmetry? Contrary to CP, matter effects in uniform matter cannot induce by themselves a non-vanishing T asymmetry; however, the question of the title remained open. We demonstrate that, in the presence of genuine CP violation, there is a new non-vanishing CP-even, and so CPT-odd, component in the T asymmetry in matter, which is of odd-parity in both the phase delta of the flavor mixing and the matter parameter a. The two disentangled components, genuine A(alpha beta)(T;CP) and fake A(alpha beta)(T;CPT), could be experimentally separated by the measurement of the two T asymmetries in matter (nu(alpha) <-> nu(beta)) and ((nu) over bar <-> (nu) over bar (beta)). For the (nu(mu) <-> nu(e)) transitions, the energy dependence of the new A(mu e)(T;CPT) component is like the matter-induced term A(mu e)(CP;CPT) of the CP asymmetry which is odd under a change of the neutrino mass hierarchy. We have thus completed the physics involved in all observable asymmetries in matter by means of their disentanglement into the three independent components, genuine A(alpha beta)(CP;T) and fake A(alpha beta)(CP;CPT) and A(alpha beta)(T;CPT).  
  Address [Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, CSIC, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000462327100001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3961  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author MoEDAL Collaboration (Acharya, B. et al); Bernabeu, J.; Mamuzic, J.; Mitsou, V.A.; Papavassiliou, J.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Santra, A.; Vento, V.; Vives, O. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) First Search for Dyons with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.  
  Volume 126 Issue 7 Pages 071801 - 7pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The MoEDAL trapping detector consists of approximately 800 kg of aluminum volumes. It was exposed during run 2 of the LHC program to 6.46 fb(-1) of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHCb interaction point. Evidence for dyons (particles with electric and magnetic charge) captured in the trapping detector was sought by passing the aluminum volumes comprising the detector through a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The presence of a trapped dyon would be signaled by a persistent current induced in the SQUID magnetometer. On the basis of a Drell-Yan production model, we exclude dyons with a magnetic charge ranging up to five Dirac charges (5g(D)) and an electric charge up to 200 times the fundamental electric charge for mass limits in the range 870-3120 GeV and also monopoles with magnetic charge up to and including 5g(D) with mass limits in the range 870-2040 GeV.  
  Address [Acharya, B.; Alexandre, J.; Ellis, J. R.; Fairbairn, M.; Mavromatos, N. E.; Sakellariadou, M.; Sarkar, S.] Kings Coll London, Phys Dept, Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol Grp, London, England, Email: jpinfold@ualberta.ca  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000620021300009 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4723  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Botella, F.J.; Nebot, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Genuine T, CP, CPT asymmetry parameters for the entangled B-d system Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.  
  Volume 06 Issue 6 Pages 100 - 24pp  
  Keywords Discrete Symmetries; Space-Time Symmetries  
  Abstract The precise connection between the theoretical T, CP, CPT asymmetries, in terms of transition probabilities between the filtered neutral meson B-d states, and the experimental asymmetries, in terms of the double decay rate intensities for Flavour-CP eigenstate decay products in a B-d-factory of entangled states, is established. This allows the identification of genuine Asymmetry Parameters in the time distribution of the asymmetries and their measurability by disentangling genuine and possible fake terms. We express the nine asymmetry parameters three different observables for each one of the three symmetries in terms of the ingredients of the Weisskopf-Wigner dynamical description of the entangled B-d-meson states and we obtain a global fit to their values from the BaBar collaboration experimental results. The possible fake terms are all compatible with zero and the information content of the nine asymmetry parameters is indeed different. The non -vanishing Delta l(c)(T) = 0.687 +/- 0.020 and Delta l(c)(CP) = 0.680 +/- 0.021 are impressive separate direct evidence of Time -Reversal -violation and CP-violation in these transitions and compatible with Standard Model expectations. An intriguing 2 sigma effect for the Re(theta) parameter responsible of CPT -violation appears which, interpreted as an upper limit, leads to vertical bar M (B) over baro (B) over baro vertical bar MBoBo < 4.0 x 10(-5) eV at 95% C.L. for the diagonal flavour terms of the mass matrix. It contributes to the CP-violating Delta l(c)(CP) asymmetry parameter in an unorthodox manner – in its cos(Delta M t) time dependence-, and it is accessible in facilities with non-entangled B-d's, like the LHCb experiment.  
  Address [Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000379028400001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2752  
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