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Author |
Andringa, S. et al; Capozzi, F.; Sorel, M. |
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Title |
Low-energy physics in neutrino LArTPCs |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Physics G |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys. G |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
033001 - 60pp |
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Keywords |
physics; neutrino; LArTPC |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we review scientific opportunities and challenges related to detection and reconstruction of low-energy (less than 100 MeV) signatures in liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors. LArTPC neutrino detectors designed for performing precise long-baseline oscillation measurements with GeV-scale accelerator neutrino beams also have unique sensitivity to a range of physics and astrophysics signatures via detection of event features at and below the few tens of MeV range. In addition, low-energy signatures are an integral part of GeV-scale accelerator neutrino interaction final-states, and their reconstruction can enhance the oscillation physics sensitivities of LArTPC experiments. New physics signals from accelerator and natural sources also generate diverse signatures in the low-energy range, and reconstruction of these signatures can increase the breadth of Beyond the Standard Model scenarios accessible in LArTPC-based searches. A variety of experimental and theory-related challenges remain to realizing this full range of potential benefits. Neutrino interaction cross-sections and other nuclear physics processes in argon relevant to sub-hundred-MeV LArTPC signatures are poorly understood, and improved theory and experimental measurements are needed; pion decay-at-rest sources and charged particle and neutron test beams are ideal facilities for improving this understanding. There are specific calibration needs in the low-energy range, as well as specific needs for control and understanding of radiological and cosmogenic backgrounds. Low-energy signatures, whether steady-state or part of a supernova burst or larger GeV-scale event topology, have specific triggering, DAQ and reconstruction requirements that must be addressed outside the scope of conventional GeV-scale data collection and analysis pathways. Novel concepts for future LArTPC technology that enhance low-energy capabilities should also be explored to help address these challenges. |
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[Andringa, S.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal, Email: blittlej@iit.edu; |
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IOP Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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0954-3899 |
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WOS:000931327500001 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial  |
5502 |
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Author |
Gomez Ambrosio, R.; ter Hoeve, J.; Madigan, M.; Rojo, J.; Sanz, V. |
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Title |
Unbinned multivariate observables for global SMEFT analyses from machine learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
03 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
033 - 66pp |
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Keywords |
SMEFT; Higgs Properties |
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Abstract |
Theoretical interpretations of particle physics data, such as the determination of the Wilson coefficients of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), often involve the inference of multiple parameters from a global dataset. Optimizing such interpretations requires the identification of observables that exhibit the highest possible sensitivity to the underlying theory parameters. In this work we develop a flexible open source frame-work, ML4EFT, enabling the integration of unbinned multivariate observables into global SMEFT fits. As compared to traditional measurements, such observables enhance the sensitivity to the theory parameters by preventing the information loss incurred when binning in a subset of final-state kinematic variables. Our strategy combines machine learning regression and classification techniques to parameterize high-dimensional likelihood ratios, using the Monte Carlo replica method to estimate and propagate methodological uncertainties. As a proof of concept we construct unbinned multivariate observables for top-quark pair and Higgs+Z production at the LHC, demonstrate their impact on the SMEFT parameter space as compared to binned measurements, and study the improved constraints associated to multivariate inputs. Since the number of neural networks to be trained scales quadratically with the number of parameters and can be fully parallelized, the ML4EFT framework is well-suited to construct unbinned multivariate observables which depend on up to tens of EFT coefficients, as required in global fits. |
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[Ambrosio, Raquel Gomez] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, Piazza Sci 3, I-20126 Milan, Italy, Email: raquel.gomezambrosio@unito.it; |
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Springer |
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English |
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1029-8479 |
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WOS:000946004000003 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5501 |
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Author |
Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Fernandez-Prieto, L.M.; Villaseñor, A.; Sanz, V.; Ammirati, J.B.; Diaz Suarez, E.A.; Garcia, C. |
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Title |
Performance of Deep Learning Pickers in Routine Network Processing Applications |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Seismological Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Seismol. Res. Lett. |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
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Pages |
2529-2542 |
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Abstract |
Picking arrival times of P and S phases is a fundamental and time‐consuming task for the routine processing of seismic data acquired by permanent and temporary networks. A large number of automatic pickers have been developed, but to perform well they often require the tuning of multiple parameters to adapt them to each dataset. Despite the great advance in techniques, some problems remain, such as the difficulty to accurately pick S waves and earthquake recordings with a low signal‐to‐noise ratio. Recently, phase pickers based on deep learning (DL) have shown great potential for event identification and arrival‐time picking. However, the general adoption of these methods for the routine processing of monitoring networks has been held back by factors such as the availability of well‐documented software, computational resources, and a gap in knowledge of these methods. In this study, we evaluate recent available DL pickers for earthquake data, comparing the performance of several neural network architectures. We test the selected pickers using three datasets with different characteristics. We found that the analyzed DL pickers (generalized phase detection, PhaseNet, and EQTransformer) perform well in the three tested cases. They are very efficient at ignoring large‐amplitude transient noise and at picking S waves, a task that is often difficult even for experienced analysts. Nevertheless, the performance of the analyzed DL pickers varies widely in terms of sensitivity and false discovery rate, with some pickers missing a significant percentage of true picks and others producing a large number of false positives. There are also variations in run time between DL pickers, with some of them requiring significant resources to process large datasets. In spite of these drawbacks, we show that DL pickers can be used efficiently to process large seismic datasets and obtain results comparable or better than current standard procedures. |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5500 |
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Author |
NA64 Collaboration (Andreev, Y.M. et al); Molina Bueno, L. |
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Title |
Search for a New B-L Z' Gauge Boson with the NA64 Experiment at CERN |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Physical Review Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Lett. |
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Volume |
129 |
Issue |
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Pages |
161801 - 6pp |
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Abstract |
A search for a new Z′ gauge boson associated with (un)broken B−L symmetry in the keV–GeV mass range is carried out for the first time using the missing-energy technique in the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS. From the analysis of the data with 3.22×10^11 electrons on target collected during 2016–2021 runs, no signal events were found. This allows us to derive new constraints on the Z′−e coupling strength, which, for the mass range 0.3≲ mZ′≲ 100 MeV, are more stringent compared to those obtained from the neutrino-electron scattering data. |
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Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5499 |
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Author |
Middeldorf-Wygas, M.M.; Oldengott, I.M.; Bödeker, D.; Schwarz, D.J. |
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Title |
Cosmic QCD transition for large lepton flavor asymmetries |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
105 |
Issue |
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Pages |
123533 - 10pp |
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Abstract |
We study the impact of large lepton flavor asymmetries on the cosmic QCD transition. Scenarios of unequal lepton flavor asymmetries are observationally almost unconstrained and therefore open up a whole new parameter space for the cosmic QCD transition. We find that for large asymmetries, the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate of pions can occur and identify the corresponding parameter space. In the vicinity of the QCD transition scale, we express the pressure in terms of a Taylor expansion with respect to the complete set of chemical potentials. The Taylor coefficients rely on input from lattice QCD calculations from the literature. The domain of applicability of this method is discussed. |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5497 |
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Author |
Liptak, Z. et al; Marinas, C. |
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Title |
Measurements of beam backgrounds in SuperKEKB Phase 2 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
1040 |
Issue |
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Pages |
167168 - 19pp |
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Abstract |
The high design luminosity of the SuperKEKB electron–positron collider will result in challenging levels of beam-induced backgrounds in the interaction region. Understanding and mitigating these backgrounds is critical to the success of the Belle II experiment. We report on the first background measurements performed after roll-in of the Belle II detector, a period known as SuperKEKB Phase 2, utilizing both the BEAST II system of dedicated background detectors and the Belle II detector itself. We also report on first revisions to the background simulation made in response to our findings. Backgrounds measured include contributions from synchrotron radiation, beam-gas, Touschek, and injection backgrounds. At the end of Phase 2, single-beam backgrounds originating from the 4 GeV positron Low Energy Ring (LER) agree reasonably well with simulation, while backgrounds from the 7 GeV electron High Energy Ring (HER) are approximately one order of magnitude higher than simulation. We extrapolate these backgrounds forward and conclude it is safe to install the Belle II vertex detector. |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5496 |
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Author |
Herrero-Garcia, J.; Patrick, R.; Scaffidi, A. |
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Title |
A semi-supervised approach to dark matter searches in direct detection data with machine learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
02 |
Issue |
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Pages |
039 - 19pp |
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Abstract |
The dark matter sector remains completely unknown. It is therefore crucial to keep an open mind regarding its nature and possible interactions. Focusing on the case of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, in this work we make this general philosophy more concrete by applying modern machine learning techniques to dark matter direct detection. We do this by encoding and decoding the graphical representation of background events in the XENONnT experiment with a convolutional variational autoencoder. We describe a methodology that utilizes the `anomaly score' derived from the reconstruction loss of the convolutional variational autoencoder as well as a pre-trained standard convolutional neural network, in a semi-supervised fashion. Indeed, we observe that optimum results are obtained only when both unsupervised and supervised anomaly scores are considered together. A data set that has a higher proportion of anomaly score is deemed anomalous and deserves further investigation. Contrary to classical analyses, in principle all information about the events is used, preventing unnecessary information loss. Lastly, we demonstrate the reach of learning-focused anomaly detection in this context by comparing results with classical inference, observing that, if tuned properly, these techniques have the potential to outperform likelihood-based methods. |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5495 |
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Author |
Caron, S.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Zhang, Z.Y. |
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Title |
Mixture-of-Theories training: can we find new physics and anomalies better by mixing physical theories? |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
03 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
004 - 37pp |
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Keywords |
Specific BSM Phenomenology; Supersymmetry |
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Abstract |
Model-independent search strategies have been increasingly proposed in recent years because on the one hand there has been no clear signal for new physics and on the other hand there is a lack of a highly probable and parameter-free extension of the standard model. For these reasons, there is no simple search target so far. In this work, we try to take a new direction and ask the question: bearing in mind that we have a large number of new physics theories that go beyond the Standard Model and may contain a grain of truth, can we improve our search strategy for unknown signals by using them “in combination”? In particular, we show that a signal hypothesis based on a large, intermingled set of many different theoretical signal models can be a superior approach to find an unknown BSM signal. Applied to a recent data challenge, we show that “mixture-of-theories training” outperforms strategies that optimize signal regions with a single BSM model as well as most unsupervised strategies. Applications of this work include anomaly detection and the definition of signal regions in the search for signals of new physics. |
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Address |
[Caron, Sascha; Zhang, Zhongyi] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, High Energy Phys, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands, Email: scaron@nikhef.nl; |
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Springer |
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English |
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1029-8479 |
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Notes |
WOS:000943095100001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5494 |
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Author |
Clement, E. et al; Domingo-Pardo, C.; Gadea, A. |
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Title |
Spectroscopic quadrupole moments in 124Xe |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
014324 - 8pp |
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Abstract |
Background: The Xe isotopic chain with four valence protons above the Z = 50 shell closure is an ideal laboratory for the study of the evolution of nuclear deformation. At the N = 82 shell closure, 136Xe presents all characteristics of a doubly closed shell nucleus with a spherical shape. In the very neutron-deficient isotopes close to N = 50, the alpha-decay chain of Xe was investigated to probe the radioactive decay properties near the drip-line and the magicity of 100Sn. Additionally, the Xe isotopes present higher order symmetries in the nuclear deformation such as the octupole degree of freedom near N = 60 and N = 90 or O(6) symmetry in stable isotopes.Purpose: The relevance of the O(6) symmetry has been investigated by measuring the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of the first excited states in 124Xe. In the O(6) symmetry limit, the spectroscopic quadrupole moment of collective states is expected to be null.Method: A stable 124Xe beam with energies of 4.03A MeV and 4.11A MeV was used to bombard a natW target at the GANIL facility. Excited states were populated via the safe Coulomb excitation reaction. The collision of the heavy ions with a large Z at low energy make this reaction sensitive to the diagonal E2 matrix element of the excited states. The recoils were detected in the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer and the gamma rays in the AGATA tracking array. The least squares fitting code GOSIA was used for the analysis to extract both E2 and M1 transitional and E2 diagonal matrix elements.Results: The rotational ground state band was populated up to the 8+1 state as well as the 2+2 and 4+2 states. Using high precision spectroscopic data to constrain the GOSIA fit, the spectroscopic quadrupole moments of the 2+1 , 4+1 , and 6+1 states were determined for the first time. Conclusions: The spectroscopic quadrupole moments were found to be negative, large, and constant in the ground state band underlining the prolate axially deformed ground state band of 124Xe. The present experimental data confirm that the is broken in 124Xe. |
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[Clement, E.; Lemasson, A.; Rejmund, M.; Jacquot, B.; Ralet, D.; Michelagnoli, C.; de France, G.] CEA DRF CNRS IN2P3, GANIL, Bd Henri Becquerel,BP 55027, F-14076 Caen, France |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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2469-9985 |
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WOS:000941893100005 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5493 |
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Author |
Diklic, J. et al; Jurado, M. |
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Title |
Transfer reactions in 206Pb+118Sn: From quasielastic to deep-inelastic processes |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Physical Review C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. C |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
014619 - 8pp |
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Abstract |
We measured multinucleon transfer reactions for the 206Pb + 118Sn system at Elab = 1200 MeV by employing the large solid angle magnetic spectrometer PRISMA. Differential and total cross sections and Q-value distri-butions have been obtained for a variety of neutron and proton pick-up and stripping channels. The Q-value distributions show how the quasielastic and deep inelastic processes depend on the mass and charge of the transfer products. The corresponding cross sections have been compared with calculations performed with the GRAZING code. An overall good agreement is found for most of the few nucleon transfer channels. The underestimation of the data for channels involving a large number of transferred nucleons indicates that more complicated processes populate the given isotopes. |
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Address |
[Diklic, J.; Szilner, S.; Mijatovic, T.; Colovic, P.; Fioretto, E.; Marchi, T.; Soic, N.; Vukman, N.] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia, Email: Suzana.Szilner@irb.hr; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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2469-9985 |
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WOS:000941893100007 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5492 |
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