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PTOLEMY Collaboration (Betti, M.G. et al); Gariazzo, S.; Pastor, S. |
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Title |
Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project: active neutrino properties and the light sterile case |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
07 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
047 - 31pp |
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Keywords |
cosmological neutrinos; neutrino detectors; particle physics – cosmology connection; physics of the early universe |
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Abstract |
The PTOLEMY project aims to develop a scalable design for a Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) detector, the first of its kind and the only one conceived that can look directly at the image of the Universe encoded in neutrino background produced in the first second after the Big Bang. The scope of the work for the next three years is to complete the conceptual design of this detector and to validate with direct measurements that the non-neutrino backgrounds are below the expected cosmological signal. In this paper we discuss in details the theoretical aspects of the experiment and its physics goals. In particular, we mainly address three issues. First we discuss the sensitivity of PTOLEMY to the standard neutrino mass scale. We then study the perspectives of the experiment to detect the CNB via neutrino capture on tritium as a function of the neutrino mass scale and the energy resolution of the apparatus. Finally, we consider an extra sterile neutrino with mass in the eV range, coupled to the active states via oscillations, which has been advocated in view of neutrino oscillation anomalies. This extra state would contribute to the tritium decay spectrum, and its properties, mass and mixing angle, could be studied by analyzing the features in the beta decay electron spectrum. |
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Address |
[Betti, M. G.; Cavoto, G.; Mancini-Terracciano, C.; Mariani, C.; Polosa, A. D.; Rago, I] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy, Email: pabferde@gmail.com; |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000478735300006 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4097 |
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Author |
Mertsch, P.; Parimbelli, G.; de Salas, P.F.; Gariazzo, S.; Lesgourgues, J.; Pastor, S. |
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Title |
Neutrino clustering in the Milky Way and beyond |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
01 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015 - 23pp |
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Keywords |
cosmological neutrinos; galaxy clustering; cosmological simulations |
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Abstract |
The standard cosmological model predicts the existence of a Cosmic Neutrino Background, which has not yet been observed directly. Some experiments aiming at its detection are currently under development, despite the tiny kinetic energy of the cosmological relic neutrinos, which makes this task incredibly challenging. Since massive neutrinos are attracted by the gravitational potential of our Galaxy, they can cluster locally. Neutrinos should be more abundant at the Earth position than at an average point in the Universe. This fact may enhance the expected event rate in any future experiment. Past calculations of the local neutrino clustering factor only considered a spherical distribution of matter in the Milky Way and neglected the influence of other nearby objects like the Virgo cluster, although recent N-body simulations suggest that the latter may actually be important. In this paper, we adopt a back-tracking technique, well established in the calculation of cosmic rays fluxes, to perform the first three-dimensional calculation of the number density of relic neutrinos at the Solar System, taking into account not only the matter composition of the Milky Way, but also the contribution of the Andromeda galaxy and the Virgo cluster. The effect of Virgo is indeed found to be relevant and to depend non-trivially on the value of the neutrino mass. Our results show that the local neutrino density is enhanced by 0.53% for a neutrino mass of 10 meV, 12% for 50 meV, 50% for 100 meV or 500% for 300 meV. |
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Address |
[Mertsch, P.; Lesgourgues, J.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol TTK, D-52056 Aachen, Germany, Email: pmertsch@physik.rwth-aachen.de; |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000528025800016 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4382 |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S. |
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Title |
Soundness of dark energy properties |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
07 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
045 - 45pp |
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Keywords |
supernova type Ia – standard candles; dark energy experiments; cosmological parameters from CMBR; cosmological parameters from LSS |
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Abstract |
Type Ia Supernovae (SNeIa) used as standardizable candles have been instrumental in the discovery of cosmic acceleration, usually attributed to some form of dark energy (DE). Recent studies have raised the issue of whether intrinsic SNeIa luminosities might evolve with redshift. While the evidence for cosmic acceleration is robust to this possible systematic, the question remains of how much the latter can affect the inferred properties of the DE component responsible for cosmic acceleration. This is the question we address in this work. We use SNeIa distance moduli measurements from the Pantheon and JLA samples. We consider models where the DE equation of state is a free parameter, either constant or time-varying, as well as models where DE and dark matter interact, and finally a model-agnostic parametrization of effects due to modified gravity (MG). When SNeIa data are combined with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropy measurements, we find strong degeneracies between parameters governing the SNeIa systematics, the DE parameters, and the Hubble constant H-0. These degeneracies significantly broaden the DE parameter uncertainties, in some cases leading to O(sigma) shifts in the central values. However, including low-redshift Baryon Acoustic Oscillation and Cosmic Chronometer measurements, as well as CMB lensing measurements, considerably improves the previous constraints, and the only remaining effect of the examined systematic is a less than or similar to 40% broadening of the uncertainties on the DE parameters. The constraints we derive on the MG parameters are instead basically unaffected by the systematic in question. We therefore confirm the overall soundness of dark energy properties. |
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Address |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England, Email: eleonora.divalentino@mancher.ac.uk; |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000551883400049 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4475 |
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Author |
Archidiacono, M.; Gariazzo, S.; Giunti, C.; Hannestad, S.; Tram, T. |
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Title |
Sterile neutrino self-interactions: H-0 tension and short-baseline anomalies |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
029 - 20pp |
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Keywords |
cosmological neutrinos; cosmological parameters from CMBR; particle physics – cosmology connection; physics of the early universe |
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Abstract |
Sterile neutrinos with a mass in the eV range have been invoked as a possible explanation of a variety of short baseline (SBL) neutrino oscillation anomalies. However, if one considers neutrino oscillations between active and sterile neutrinos, such neutrinos would have been fully thermalised in the early universe, and would be therefore in strong conflict with cosmological bounds. In this study we first update cosmological bounds on the mass and energy density of eV-scale sterile neutrinos. We then perform an updated study of a previously proposed model in which the sterile neutrino couples to a new light pseudoscalar degree of freedom. Consistently with previous analyses, we find that the model provides a good fit to all cosmological data and allows the high value of H-0 measured in the local universe to be consistent with measurements of the cosmic microwave background. However, new high l polarisation data constrain the sterile neutrino mass to be less than approximately 1 eV in this scenario. Finally, we combine the cosmological bounds on the pseudoscalar model with a Bayesian inference analysis of SBL data and conclude that only a sterile mass in narrow ranges around 1 eV remains consistent with both cosmology and SBL data. |
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Address |
[Archidiacono, Maria] Univ Milan, Via G Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy, Email: maria.archidiacono@unimi.it; |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000609105900015 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4688 |
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Author |
Bennett, J.J.; Buldgen, G.; de Salas, P.F.; Drewes, M.; Gariazzo, S.; Pastor, S.; Wong, Y.Y.Y. |
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Title |
Towards a precision calculation of the effective number of neutrinos N-eff in the Standard Model. Part II. Neutrino decoupling in the presence of flavour oscillations and finite-temperature QED |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
073 - 33pp |
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Keywords |
cosmological neutrinos; neutrino properties; particle physics – cosmology connection; physics of the early universe |
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Abstract |
We present in this work a new calculation of the standard-model benchmark value for the effective number of neutrinos, N-eff(SM), that quantifies the cosmological neutrinoto-photon energy densities. The calculation takes into account neutrino flavour oscillations, finite-temperature effects in the quantum electrodynamics plasma to O(e(3)), where e is the elementary electric charge, and a full evaluation of the neutrino-neutrino collision integral. We provide furthermore a detailed assessment of the uncertainties in the benchmark N(eff)(SM )value, through testing the value's dependence on (i) optional approximate modelling of the weak collision integrals, (ii) measurement errors in the physical parameters of the weak sector, and (iii) numerical convergence, particularly in relation to momentum discretisation. Our new, recommended standard-model benchmark is N-eff(SM) 3.0440 +/- 0.0002, where the nominal uncertainty is attributed predominantly to errors incurred in the numerical solution procedure (vertical bar delta N-eff vertical bar similar to 10(-4)), augmented by measurement errors in the solar mixing angle sin(2) theta(12) (vertical bar delta N-eff vertical bar similar to 10(-4)). |
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Address |
[Bennett, Jack J.; Wong, Yvonne Y. Y.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney Consortium Particle Phys & Cosmol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia, Email: j.j.bennett@unsw.edu.au; |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000647827600001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4827 |
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Author |
Gariazzo, S.; Gerbino, M.; Brinckmann, T.; Lattanzi, M.; Mena, O.; Schwetz, T.; Choudhury, S.R.; Freese, K.; Hannestad, S.; Ternes, C.A.; Tortola, M. |
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Title |
Neutrino mass and mass ordering: no conclusive evidence for normal ordering |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
010 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
Bayesian reasoning; neutrino properties; neutrino masses from cosmology; cosmological parameters from CMBR |
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Abstract |
The extraction of the neutrino mass ordering is one of the major challenges in particle physics and cosmology, not only for its implications for a fundamental theory of mass generation in nature, but also for its decisive role in the scale of future neutrinoless double beta decay experimental searches. It has been recently claimed that current oscillation, beta decay and cosmological limits on the different observables describing the neutrino mass parameter space provide robust decisive Bayesian evidence in favor of the normal ordering of the neutrino mass spectrum [1]. We further investigate these strong claims using a rich and wide phenomenology, with different sampling techniques of the neutrino parameter space. Contrary to the findings of Jimenez et al. [1], no decisive evidence for the normal mass ordering is found. Neutrino mass ordering analyses must rely on priors and parameterizations that are ordering-agnostic: robust results should be regarded as those in which the preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering is driven exclusively by the data, while we find a difference of up to a factor of 33 in the Bayes factors among the different priors and parameterizations exploited here. An ordering-agnostic prior would be represented by the case of parameterizations sampling over the two mass splittings and a mass scale, or those sampling over the individual neutrino masses via normal prior distributions only. In this regard, we show that the current significance in favor of the normal mass ordering should be taken as 2.7 sigma (i.e. moderate evidence), mostly driven by neutrino oscillation data. Let us stress that, while current data favor NO only mildly, we do not exclude the possibility that this may change in the future. Eventually, upcoming oscillation and cosmological data may (or may not) lead to a more significant exclusion of IO. |
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Address |
[Gariazzo, Stefano; Ternes, Christoph A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl INFN, Sez Torino, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy, Email: gariazzo@to.infn.it; |
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Publisher |
IOP Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000928487200002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5477 |
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Author |
Gariazzo, S.; Martinez-Mirave, P.; Mena, O.; Pastor, S.; Tortola, M. |
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Title |
Non-unitary three-neutrino mixing in the early Universe |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
03 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
046 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
cosmological neutrinos; neutrino properties; neutrino theory |
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Abstract |
Deviations from unitarity in the three-neutrino mixing canonical picture are expected in many physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model. The mixing of new heavy neutral leptons with the three light neutrinos would in principle modify the strength and flavour structure of charged-current and neutral-current interactions with matter. Non-unitarity effects would therefore have an impact on the neutrino decoupling processes in the early Universe and on the value of the effective number of neutrinos, Neff. We calculate the cosmological energy density in the form of radiation with a non-unitary neutrino mixing matrix, addressing the possible interplay between parameters. Highly accurate measurements of Neff from forthcoming cosmological observations can provide independent and complementary limits on the departures from unitarity. For completeness, we relate the scenario of small deviations from unitarity to non-standard neutrino interactions and compare the forecasted constraints to other existing limits in the literature. |
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Address |
[Gariazzo, Stefano] INFN, Sez Torino, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy, Email: gariazzo@to.infn.it; |
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Publisher |
IOP Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000959757500008 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5516 |
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Author |
de Salas, P.F.; Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O.; Ternes, C.A.; Tortola, M. |
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Title |
Neutrino Mass Ordering From Oscillations and Beyond: 2018 Status and Future Prospects |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Astron. Space Sci. |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
36 - 50pp |
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Keywords |
neutrino mass ordering; neutrino oscillations; neutrinoless double beta (0v beta beta) decay; large scale structure formation; cosmic microwave Background (CMB); neutrino masses and flavor mixing |
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Abstract |
The ordering of the neutrino masses is a crucial input for a deep understanding of flavor physics, and its determination may provide the key to establish the relationship among the lepton masses and mixings and their analogous properties in the quark sector. The extraction of the neutrino mass ordering is a data-driven field expected to evolve very rapidly in the next decade. In this review, we both analyse the present status and describe the physics of subsequent prospects. Firstly, the different current available tools to measure the neutrino mass ordering are described. Namely, reactor, long-baseline (accelerator and atmospheric) neutrino beams, laboratory searches for beta and neutrinoless double beta decays and observations of the cosmic background radiation and the large scale structure of the universe are carefully reviewed. Secondly, the results from an up-to-date comprehensive global fit are reported: the Bayesian analysis to the 2018 publicly available oscillation and cosmological data sets provides strong evidence for the normal neutrino mass ordering vs. the inverted scenario, with a significance of 3.5 standard deviations. This preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering is mostly due to neutrino oscillation measurements. Finally, we shall also emphasize the future perspectives for unveiling the neutrinomass ordering. In this regard, apart from describing the expectations from the aforementioned probes, we also focus on those arising from alternative and novel methods, as 21 cm cosmology, core-collapse supernova neutrinos and the direct detection of relic neutrinos. |
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Address |
[de Salas, Pablo F.; Gariazzo, Stefano; Mena, Olga; Ternes, Christoph A.; Tortola, Mariam] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: omena@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Frontiers Media Sa |
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English |
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ISSN |
2296-987x |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000446788500001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3755 |
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Author |
Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O.; Ramirez, H.; Boubekeur, L. |
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Title |
Primordial power spectrum features in phenomenological descriptions of inflation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Physics of the Dark Universe |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Dark Universe |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
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Pages |
38-45 |
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Keywords |
Inflation; Primordial power spectrum; Sound speed |
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Abstract |
We extend an alternative, phenomenological approach to inflation by means of an equation of state and a sound speed, both of them functions of the number of e-folds and four phenomenological parameters. This approach captures a number of possible inflationary models, including those with non-canonical kinetic terms or scale-dependent non-gaussianities. We perform Markov Chain Monte Carlo analyses using the latest cosmological publicly available measurements, which include Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from the Planck satellite. Within this parameterization, we discard scale invariance with a significance of about 10 sigma, and the running of the spectral index is constrained as alpha(s) = -0.60(-0.10)(+0.08) x 10(-3) (68% CL errors). The limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio is r < 0.005 at 95% CL from CMB data alone. We find no significant evidence for this alternative parameterization with present cosmological observations. The maximum amplitude of the equilateral non-gaussianity that we obtain, vertical bar f(NL)(equil)vertical bar < 1, is much smaller than the current Planck mission errors, strengthening the case for future high-redshift, all-sky surveys, which could reach the required accuracy on equilateral non-gaussianities. |
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Address |
[Gariazzo, Stefano] Univ Turin, Dept Phys, Via P Giuria 1, I-10125 Turin, Italy, Email: omena@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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ISSN |
2212-6864 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
WOS:000411869100006 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3319 |
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Author |
Gariazzo, S.; Giunti, C.; Laveder, M.; Li, Y.F. |
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Title |
Model-independent (nu)over-bar(e) short-baseline oscillations from reactor spectral ratios |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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Volume |
782 |
Issue |
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Pages |
13-21 |
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Abstract |
We consider the ratio of the spectra measured in the DANSS neutrino experiment at 12.7 and 10.7 m from a nuclear reactor. These data give a new model-independent indication in favor of short-baseline (nu) over bar (e) oscillations which reinforce the model-independent indication found in the late 2016 in the NEOS experiment. The combined analysis of the NEOS and DANSS spectral ratios in the framework of 3+1 active-sterile neutrino mixing favor short-baseline (nu) over bar (e) oscillations with a statistical significance of 3.7 sigma. The two mixing parameters sin(2)2 nu ee and Delta m(41)(2) are constrained at 2 sigma a narrow-Delta m(41)(2) island at Delta m(41)(2) similar or equal to 1.3 eV(2), with sin(2)2 nu(ee)= 0.049 +/- 0.023(2 sigma). We discuss the implications of the model-independent NEOS+DANSS analysis for the reactor and Gallium anomalies. The NEOS+DANSS model-independent determination of short-baseline (nu) over bar (e) oscillations allows us to analyze the reactor rates without assumptions on the values of the main reactor antineutrino fluxes and the data of the Gallium source experiments with free detector efficiencies. The corrections to the reactor neutrino fluxes and the Gallium detector efficiencies are obtained from the fit of the data. In particular, we confirm the indication in favor of the need for a recalculation of the (235)Ureactor antineutrino flux found in previous studies assuming the absence of neutrino oscillations. |
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Address |
[Gariazzo, S.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Paterna, Valencia, Spain, Email: gariazzo@ific.uv.es; |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
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Notes |
WOS:000438486900003 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
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3662 |
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