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Author |
Baran, J. et al; Brzezinski, K. |
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Title |
Feasibility of the J-PET to monitor the range of therapeutic proton beams |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Physica Medica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Medica |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103301 - 9pp |
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Keywords |
PET; Range monitoring; J-PET; Monte Carlo simulations; Proton radiotherapy |
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Abstract |
Purpose: The aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility of the Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomography (J -PET) scanner for intra-treatment proton beam range monitoring. Methods: The Monte Carlo simulation studies with GATE and PET image reconstruction with CASToR were performed in order to compare six J -PET scanner geometries. We simulated proton irradiation of a PMMA phantom with a Single Pencil Beam (SPB) and Spread -Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) of various ranges. The sensitivity and precision of each scanner were calculated, and considering the setup's cost-effectiveness, we indicated potentially optimal geometries for the J -PET scanner prototype dedicated to the proton beam range assessment. Results: The investigations indicate that the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer double -head configurations are the most promising for clinical application. We found that the scanner sensitivity is of the order of 10-5 coincidences per primary proton, while the precision of the range assessment for both SPB and SOBP irradiation plans was found below 1 mm. Among the scanners with the same number of detector modules, the best results are found for the triple -layer dual -head geometry. The results indicate that the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer double -head configurations are the most promising for the clinical application, Conclusions: We performed simulation studies demonstrating that the feasibility of the J -PET detector for PET -based proton beam therapy range monitoring is possible with reasonable sensitivity and precision enabling its pre -clinical tests in the clinical proton therapy environment. Considering the sensitivity, precision and cost-effectiveness, the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer dual -head J -PET geometry configurations seem promising for future clinical application. |
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Address |
[Baran, Jakub; Silarski, Michal; Chug, Neha; Coussat, Aurelien; Czerwinski, Eryk; Dadgar, Meysam; Dulski, Kamil; Eliyan, Kavya, V; Gajos, Aleksander; Kacprzak, Krzysztof; Kaplon, Lukasz; Korcyl, Grzegorz; Kozik, Tomasz; Kumar, Deepak; Niedzwiecki, Szymon; Panek, Dominik; Parzych, Szymon; del Rio, Elena Perez; Simbarashe, Moyo; Sharma, Sushil; Shivani; Skurzok, Magdalena; Stepien, Ewa L.; Tayefi, Keyvan; Tayefi, Faranak; Moskal, Pawel] Jagiellonian Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Appl Comp Sci, 11 Lojasiewicza St, PL-30348 Krakow, Poland, Email: jakubbaran92@gmail.com |
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Elsevier Sci Ltd |
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English |
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1120-1797 |
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WOS:001178648400001 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5990 |
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Author |
Chen, M.C.; King, S.F.; Medina, O.; Valle, J.W.F. |
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Title |
Quark-lepton mass relations from modular flavor symmetry |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
02 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
160 - 28pp |
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Keywords |
Discrete Symmetries; Flavour Symmetries; Theories of Flavour |
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Abstract |
The so-called Golden Mass Relation provides a testable correlation between charged-lepton and down-type quark masses, that arises in certain flavor models that do not rely on Grand Unification. Such models typically involve broken family symmetries. In this work, we demonstrate that realistic fermion mass relations can emerge naturally in modular invariant models, without relying on ad hoc flavon alignments. We provide a model-independent derivation of a class of mass relations that are experimentally testable. These relations are determined by both the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of the specific finite modular group and the expansion coefficients of its modular forms, thus offering potential probes of modular invariant models. As a detailed example, we present a set of viable mass relations based on the Gamma 4 approximately equal to S4 symmetry, which have calculable deviations from the usual Golden Mass Relation. |
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[Chen, Mu-Chun] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA, Email: muchunc@uci.edu; |
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Springer |
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English |
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1029-8479 |
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Notes |
WOS:001169490600001 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5981 |
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Author |
Falkowski, A.; Gonzalez-Alonso, M.; Palavric, A.; Rodriguez-Sanchez, A. |
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Title |
Constraints on subleading interactions in beta decay Lagrangian |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
02 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
091 - 54pp |
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Keywords |
Effective Field Theories; Hadronic Matrix Elements and Weak Decays; Effective Field Theories of QCD; SMEFT |
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Abstract |
We discuss the effective field theory (EFT) for nuclear beta decay. The general quark-level EFT describing charged-current interactions between quarks and leptons is matched to the nucleon-level non-relativistic EFT at the OMeV momentum scale characteristic for beta transitions. The matching takes into account, for the first time, the effect of all possible beyond-the-Standard-Model interactions at the subleading order in the recoil momentum. We calculate the impact of all the Wilson coefficients of the leading and subleading EFT Lagrangian on the differential decay width in allowed beta transitions. As an example application, we show how the existing experimental data constrain the subleading Wilson coefficients corresponding to pseudoscalar, weak magnetism, and induced tensor interactions. The data display a 3.5 sigma evidence for nucleon weak magnetism, in agreement with the theory prediction based on isospin symmetry. |
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Address |
[Falkowski, Adam; Rodriguez-Sanchez, Antonio] Univ Paris Saclay, IJCLab, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France, Email: adam.falkowski@ijclab.in2p3.fr; |
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Springer |
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English |
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1029-8479 |
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Notes |
WOS:001163170700004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5966 |
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Author |
Martinez-Reviriego, P.; Esperante, D.; Grudiev, A.; Gimeno, B.; Blanch, C.; Gonzalez-Iglesias, D.; Fuster-Martinez, N.; Martin-Luna, P.; Martinez, E.; Menendez, A.; Fuster, J. |
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Title |
Dielectric assist accelerating structures for compact linear accelerators of low energy particles in hadrontherapy treatments |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Physics |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1345237 - 12pp |
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Keywords |
dielectric assist accelerating (DAA) structures; radio frequency (RF); LINAC; hadrontherapy; standing wave |
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Abstract |
Dielectric Assist Accelerating (DAA) structures based on ultralow-loss ceramic are being studied as an alternative to conventional disk-loaded copper cavities. This accelerating structure consists of dielectric disks with irises arranged periodically in metallic structures working under the TM02-pi mode. In this paper, the numerical design of an S-band DAA structure for low beta particles, such as protons or carbon ions used for Hadrontherapy treatments, is shown. Four dielectric materials with different permittivity and loss tangent are studied as well as different particle velocities. Through optimization, a design that concentrates most of the RF power in the vacuum space near the beam axis is obtained, leading to a significant reduction of power loss on the metallic walls. This allows to fabricate cavities with an extremely high quality factor, over 100,000, and shunt impedance over 300 M omega/m at room temperature. During the numerical study, the design optimization has been improved by adjusting some of the cell parameters in order to both increase the shunt impedance and reduce the peak electric field in certain locations of the cavity, which can lead to instabilities in its normal functioning. |
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Address |
[Martinez-Reviriego, Pablo; Esperante, Daniel; Gimeno, Benito; Blanch, Cesar; Gonzalez-Iglesias, Daniel; Fuster-Martinez, Nuria; Martin-Luna, Pablo; Martinez, Eduardo; Menendez, Abraham; Fuster, Juan] CSIC Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Paterna, Spain, Email: pablo.martinez.reviriego@ific.uv.es |
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Frontiers Media Sa |
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English |
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ISSN |
2296-424x |
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Notes |
WOS:001162373700001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5953 |
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Author |
Choi, K.Y.; Gong, J.O.; Joh, J.; Park, W.I.; Seto, O. |
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Title |
Light cold dark matter from non-thermal decay |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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Volume |
845 |
Issue |
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Pages |
138126 - 8pp |
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Keywords |
Dark matter; Non-thermal production; Axion; Q-ball; Dark matter; Non-thermal production; Axion; Q-ball; Dark matter; Non-thermal production; Axion; Q-ball |
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Abstract |
We investigate the mass range and the corresponding free-streaming length scale of dark matter produced non-thermally from decay of heavy objects which can be either dominant or sub-dominant at the moment of decay. We show that the resulting dark matter could be very light well below keV scale with a free-streaming length satisfying the Lyman-alpha constraints. We demonstrate two explicit examples for such light cold dark matter. |
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Address |
[Choi, Ki-Young; Joh, Junghoon] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Phys, Suwon 16419, South Korea, Email: kiyoungchoi@skku.edu; |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
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Notes |
WOS:001155183100001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5942 |
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Author |
Penalva, N.; Flynn, J.M.; Hernandez, E.; Nieves, J. |
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Title |
Study of new physics effects in (B)over-bars → Ds(*) τ-(ν)over-bar τ semileptonic decays using lattice QCD form factors and heavy quark effective theory |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
01 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
163 - 33pp |
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Keywords |
Effective Field Theories of QCD; Flavour Symmetries; Semi-Leptonic Decays; SMEFT |
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Abstract |
We benefit from the lattice QCD determination by the HPQCD of the Standard Model (SM) form factors for the (B) over bar (s) -> D-s [Phys. Rev. D101(2020) 074513] and the SM and tensor ones for the (B) over bar (s) -> D-s* (arXiv:2304.03137[hep-lat]) semileptonic decays, and the heavy quark effective theory (HQET) relations for the analogous B -> D-(*()) decays obtained by F.U. Bernlochner et al. in Phys. Rev. D95(2017) 115008, to extract the leading and sub-leading Isgur-Wise functions for the (B) over bar (s) -> D-s(()*()) decays. Further use of the HQET relations allows us to evaluate the corresponding scalar, pseudoscalar and tensor form factors needed for a phenomenological study of new physics (NP) effects on the (B) over bar (s) -> D-s(()*()) semileptonic decay. At present, the experimental values for the ratios R-D(*) = Gamma[ (B) over bar -> D-(*())(tau- (nu) over bar tau)]/Gamma[(B) over bar -> D-(*())e(-)(mu(-)) (nu) over bar (e(mu))]are the best signal in favor of lepton flavor universality violation (LFUV) seen in charged current (CC) b -> c decays. In this work we conduct a study of NP effects on the (B) over bar (s) -> D-s(()*()) tau(-)(tau) semileptonic decays by comparing tau spin, angular and spin-angular asymmetry distributions obtained within the SM and three different NP scenarios. As expected from SU(3) light-flavor symmetry, we get results close to the ones found in a similar analysis of the (B) over bar -> D-(*()) case. The measurement of the (B) over bar (s) -> D-s(()*())(l (nu) over bar tau) semileptonic decays, which is within reach of present experiments, could then be of relevance in helping to establish or rule out LFUV in CC b -> c transitions. |
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Address |
[Penalva, Neus; Nieves, Juan] Ctr Mixto CSIC UV, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Inst Invest Paterna, C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain, Email: neus.penalva@icc.ub.edu; |
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Springer |
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English |
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1029-8479 |
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Notes |
WOS:001152794800001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5922 |
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Author |
Jeong, K.S.; Park, W.I. |
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Title |
Cosmology with a supersymmetric local B – L model |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
016 - 34pp |
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Keywords |
cosmological phase transitions; gravitational waves / sources; physics of the early universe; supersymmetry and cosmology |
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Abstract |
We propose a minimal gauged U(1)(B-L) extension of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) which resolves the cosmological moduli problem via thermal inflation, and realizes late-time Affleck-Dine leptogensis so as to generate the right amount of baryon asymmetry at the end of thermal inflation. The present relic density of dark matter can be explained by sneutrinos, MSSM neutralinos, axinos, or axions. Cosmic strings from U(1)(B-L) breaking are very thick, and so the expected stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic string loops has a spectrum different from the one in the conventional Abelian-Higgs model, as would be distinguishable at least at LISA and DECIGO. The characteristic spectrum is due to a flat potential, and may be regarded as a hint of supersymmetry. Combined with the resolution of moduli problem, the expected signal of gravitational waves constrains the U(1)(B-L) breaking scale to be O(10(12-13)) GeV. Interestingly, our model provides a natural possibility for explaining the observed ultra-high-energy cosmic rays thanks to the fact that the core width of strings in our scenario is very large, allowing a large enhancement of particle emissions from the cusps of string loops. Condensation of LHu flat-direction inside of string cores arises inevitably and can also be the main source of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays accompanied by ultra-high-energy lightest supersymmetric particles. |
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Address |
[Jeong, Kwang Sik] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Busan 46241, South Korea, Email: ksjeong@pusan.ac.kr; |
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Publisher |
IOP Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
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Notes |
WOS:001149204000015 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5992 |
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Author |
Maji, R.; Park, W.I. |
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Title |
Supersymmetric U(1)B-L flat direction and NANOGrav 15 year data |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
01 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
015 - 19pp |
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Keywords |
Cosmic strings; domain walls; monopoles; cosmological phase transitions; cosmology of theories beyond the SM; gravitational waves / sources |
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Abstract |
We show that, when connected with monopoles, the flat D-flat direction breaking the local U(1)B-L symmetry as an extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model can be responsible for the signal of a stochastic gravitational wave background recently reported by NANOGrav collaborations, while naturally satisfying constraints at high frequency band. Thanks to the flatness of the direction, a phase of thermal inflation arises naturally. The reheating temperature is quite low, and suppresses signals at frequencies higher than the characteristic frequency set by the reheating temperature. Notably, forthcoming spaced based experiments such as LISA can probe the cutoff frequency, providing an indirect clue of the scale of soft SUSY-breaking mass parameter. |
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Address |
[Maji, Rinku] Jeonbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Lab Symmetry & Struct Universe, Jeonju 54896, South Korea, Email: rinkumaji9792@gmail.com; |
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IOP Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
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Notes |
WOS:001147733000001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5967 |
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Author |
Barrientos, L.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Casaña, J.V.; Dendooven, P.; Garcia Lopez, J.G.; Hueso-Gonzalez, F.; Jiméeez-Ramos, M.C.; Perez-Curbelo, J.; Ros, A.; Roser, J.; Senra, C.; Viegas, R.; Llosa, G. |
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Title |
Gamma-ray sources imaging and test-beam results with MACACO III Compton camera |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Physica Medica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Medica |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103199 - 10pp |
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Keywords |
Hadron therapy; Compton camera; Scintillator crystals; Silicon photomultipliers |
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Abstract |
Hadron therapy is a radiotherapy modality which offers a precise energy deposition to the tumors and a dose reduction to healthy tissue as compared to conventional methods. However, methods for real-time monitoring are required to ensure that the radiation dose is deposited on the target. The IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia developed a Compton camera prototype for this purpose, intending to image the Prompt Gammas emitted by the tissue during irradiation. The system detectors are composed of Lanthanum (III) bromide scintillator crystals coupled to silicon photomultipliers. After an initial characterization in the laboratory, in order to assess the system capabilities for future experiments in proton therapy centers, different tests were carried out in two facilities: PARTREC (Groningen, The Netherlands) and the CNA cyclotron (Sevilla, Spain). Characterization studies performed at PARTREC indicated that the detectors linearity was improved with respect to the previous version and an energy resolution of 5.2 % FWHM at 511 keV was achieved. Moreover, the imaging capabilities of the system were evaluated with a line source of 68Ge and a point-like source of 241Am-9Be. Images at 4.439 MeV were obtained from irradiation of a graphite target with an 18 MeV proton beam at CNA, to perform a study of the system potential to detect shifts at different intensities. In this sense, the system was able to distinguish 1 mm variations in the target position at different beam current intensities for measurement times of 1800 and 600 s. |
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Address |
[Barrientos, L.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Casana, J. V.; Hueso-Gonzalez, F.; Perez-Curbelo, J.; Ros, A.; Roser, J.; Senra, C.; Viegas, R.; Llosa, G.] CSIC UV, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain, Email: Luis.Barrientos@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Sci Ltd |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1120-1797 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:001145147400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5892 |
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Author |
Oliver, S.; Gimenez-Alventosa, V.; Berumen, F.; Gimenez, V.; Beaulieu, L.; Ballester, F.; Vijande, J. |
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Title |
Benchmark of the PenRed Monte Carlo framework for HDR brachytherapy |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z. Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
511-528 |
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Keywords |
Monte Carlo; PenRed; Brachytherapy; DICOM; Medical physics |
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Abstract |
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to validate the PenRed Monte Carlo framework for clinical applications in brachytherapy. PenRed is a C++ version of Penelope Monte Carlo code with additional tallies and utilities. Methods and materials: Six benchmarking scenarios are explored to validate the use of PenRed and its improved bachytherapy-oriented capabilities for HDR brachytherapy. A new tally allowing the evaluation of collisional kerma for any material using the track length kerma estimator and the possibility to obtain the seed positions, weights and directions processing directly the DICOM file are now implemented in the PenRed distribution. The four non-clinical test cases developed by the Joint AAPM-ESTRO-ABG-ABS WG-DCAB were evaluated by comparing local and global absorbed dose differences with respect to established reference datasets. A prostate and a palliative lung cases, were also studied. For them, absorbed dose ratios, global absorbed dose differences, and cumulative dose-volume histograms were obtained and discussed. Results: The air-kerma strength and the dose rate constant corresponding to the two sources agree with the reference datatests within 0.3% (Sk) and 0.1% (K). With respect to the first three WG-DCAB test cases, more than 99.8% of the voxels present local (global) differences within +/- 1%(+/- 0.1%) of the reference datasets. For test Case 4 reference dataset, more than 94.9%(97.5%) of voxels show an agreement within +/- 1%(+/- 0.1%), better than similar benchmarking calculations in the literature. The track length kerma estimator scorer implemented increases the numerical efficiency of brachytherapy calculations two orders of magnitude, while the specific brachytherapy source allows the user to avoid the use of error-prone intermediate steps to translate the DICOM information into the simulation. In both clinical cases, only minor absorbed dose differences arise in the low-dose isodoses. 99.8% and 100% of the voxels have a global absorbed dose difference ratio within +/- 0.2%for the prostate and lung cases, respectively. The role played by the different segmentation and composition material in the bone structures was discussed, obtaining negligible absorbed dose differ-ences. Dose-volume histograms were in agreement with the reference data.Conclusions: PenRed incorporates new tallies and utilities and has been validated for its use for detailed and precise high-dose-rate brachytherapy simulations. |
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Address |
[Oliver, S.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Segur Ind, Radiofis & Medioambiental ISIRYM, Camide Vera s n, Valencia 46022, Spain, Email: sanolgi@upvnet.upv.es |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
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Language |
English |
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ISSN |
0939-3889 |
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Notes |
WOS:001137118400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5885 |
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