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Author |
Llosa, G.; Rafecas, M. |
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Title |
Hybrid PET/Compton-camera imaging: an imager for the next generation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
European Physical Journal Plus |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur. Phys. J. Plus |
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Volume |
138 |
Issue  |
3 |
Pages |
214 - 19pp |
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Abstract |
Compton cameras can offer advantages over gamma cameras for some applications, since they are well suited for multitracer imaging and for imaging high-energy radiotracers, such as those employed in radionuclide therapy. While in conventional clinical settings state-of-the-art Compton cameras cannot compete with well-established methods such as PET and SPECT, there are specific scenarios in which they can constitute an advantageous alternative. The combination of PET and Compton imaging can benefit from the improved resolution and sensitivity of current PET technology and, at the same time, overcome PET limitations in the use of multiple radiotracers. Such a system can provide simultaneous assessment of different radiotracers under identical conditions and reduce errors associated with physical factors that can change between acquisitions. Advances are being made both in instrumentation developments combining PET and Compton cameras for multimodal or three-gamma imaging systems, and in image reconstruction, addressing the challenges imposed by the combination of the two modalities or the new techniques. This review article summarizes the advances made in Compton cameras for medical imaging and their combination with PET. |
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Address |
[Llosa, Gabriela] CSIC UV, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Catedrat Beltran 2, Paterna 46980, Spain, Email: gabriela.llosa@ific.uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Springer Heidelberg |
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Language |
English |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2190-5444 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000945407400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5488 |
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Author |
Feng, J.L. et al; Garcia Soto, A.; Hirsch, M. |
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Title |
The Forward Physics Facility at the High-Luminosity LHC |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Physics G |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys. G |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
030501 - 410pp |
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Keywords |
Forward Physics Facility; Large Hadron Collider; new particle searches; neutrinos; QCD; astroparticle physics; dark matter |
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Abstract |
High energy collisions at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (LHC) produce a large number of particles along the beam collision axis, outside of the acceptance of existing LHC experiments. The proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF), to be located several hundred meters from the ATLAS interaction point and shielded by concrete and rock, will host a suite of experiments to probe standard model (SM) processes and search for physics beyond the standard model (BSM). In this report, we review the status of the civil engineering plans and the experiments to explore the diverse physics signals that can be uniquely probed in the forward region. FPF experiments will be sensitive to a broad range of BSM physics through searches for new particle scattering or decay signatures and deviations from SM expectations in high statistics analyses with TeV neutrinos in this low-background environment. High statistics neutrino detection will also provide valuable data for fundamental topics in perturbative and non-perturbative QCD and in weak interactions. Experiments at the FPF will enable synergies between forward particle production at the LHC and astroparticle physics to be exploited. We report here on these physics topics, on infrastructure, detector, and simulation studies, and on future directions to realize the FPF's physics potential. |
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Address |
[Feng, Jonathan L.; Tsai, Yu-Dai; Bian, Jianming; Casper, David W.; Fieg, Max; Huang, Fei; Kuo, Jui-Lin; Wu, Wenjie] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA, Email: jlf@uci.edu |
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Publisher |
IOP Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
0954-3899 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000934195400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5491 |
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Author |
Caron, S.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Zhang, Z.Y. |
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Title |
Mixture-of-Theories training: can we find new physics and anomalies better by mixing physical theories? |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
03 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
004 - 37pp |
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Keywords |
Specific BSM Phenomenology; Supersymmetry |
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Abstract |
Model-independent search strategies have been increasingly proposed in recent years because on the one hand there has been no clear signal for new physics and on the other hand there is a lack of a highly probable and parameter-free extension of the standard model. For these reasons, there is no simple search target so far. In this work, we try to take a new direction and ask the question: bearing in mind that we have a large number of new physics theories that go beyond the Standard Model and may contain a grain of truth, can we improve our search strategy for unknown signals by using them “in combination”? In particular, we show that a signal hypothesis based on a large, intermingled set of many different theoretical signal models can be a superior approach to find an unknown BSM signal. Applied to a recent data challenge, we show that “mixture-of-theories training” outperforms strategies that optimize signal regions with a single BSM model as well as most unsupervised strategies. Applications of this work include anomaly detection and the definition of signal regions in the search for signals of new physics. |
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Address |
[Caron, Sascha; Zhang, Zhongyi] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, High Energy Phys, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands, Email: scaron@nikhef.nl; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1029-8479 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000943095100001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5494 |
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Author |
Gomez Ambrosio, R.; ter Hoeve, J.; Madigan, M.; Rojo, J.; Sanz, V. |
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Title |
Unbinned multivariate observables for global SMEFT analyses from machine learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
03 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
033 - 66pp |
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Keywords |
SMEFT; Higgs Properties |
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Abstract |
Theoretical interpretations of particle physics data, such as the determination of the Wilson coefficients of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), often involve the inference of multiple parameters from a global dataset. Optimizing such interpretations requires the identification of observables that exhibit the highest possible sensitivity to the underlying theory parameters. In this work we develop a flexible open source frame-work, ML4EFT, enabling the integration of unbinned multivariate observables into global SMEFT fits. As compared to traditional measurements, such observables enhance the sensitivity to the theory parameters by preventing the information loss incurred when binning in a subset of final-state kinematic variables. Our strategy combines machine learning regression and classification techniques to parameterize high-dimensional likelihood ratios, using the Monte Carlo replica method to estimate and propagate methodological uncertainties. As a proof of concept we construct unbinned multivariate observables for top-quark pair and Higgs+Z production at the LHC, demonstrate their impact on the SMEFT parameter space as compared to binned measurements, and study the improved constraints associated to multivariate inputs. Since the number of neural networks to be trained scales quadratically with the number of parameters and can be fully parallelized, the ML4EFT framework is well-suited to construct unbinned multivariate observables which depend on up to tens of EFT coefficients, as required in global fits. |
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Address |
[Ambrosio, Raquel Gomez] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento Fis G Occhialini, Piazza Sci 3, I-20126 Milan, Italy, Email: raquel.gomezambrosio@unito.it; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1029-8479 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000946004000003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5501 |
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Author |
Andringa, S. et al; Capozzi, F.; Sorel, M. |
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Title |
Low-energy physics in neutrino LArTPCs |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Physics G |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys. G |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
033001 - 60pp |
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Keywords |
physics; neutrino; LArTPC |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we review scientific opportunities and challenges related to detection and reconstruction of low-energy (less than 100 MeV) signatures in liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors. LArTPC neutrino detectors designed for performing precise long-baseline oscillation measurements with GeV-scale accelerator neutrino beams also have unique sensitivity to a range of physics and astrophysics signatures via detection of event features at and below the few tens of MeV range. In addition, low-energy signatures are an integral part of GeV-scale accelerator neutrino interaction final-states, and their reconstruction can enhance the oscillation physics sensitivities of LArTPC experiments. New physics signals from accelerator and natural sources also generate diverse signatures in the low-energy range, and reconstruction of these signatures can increase the breadth of Beyond the Standard Model scenarios accessible in LArTPC-based searches. A variety of experimental and theory-related challenges remain to realizing this full range of potential benefits. Neutrino interaction cross-sections and other nuclear physics processes in argon relevant to sub-hundred-MeV LArTPC signatures are poorly understood, and improved theory and experimental measurements are needed; pion decay-at-rest sources and charged particle and neutron test beams are ideal facilities for improving this understanding. There are specific calibration needs in the low-energy range, as well as specific needs for control and understanding of radiological and cosmogenic backgrounds. Low-energy signatures, whether steady-state or part of a supernova burst or larger GeV-scale event topology, have specific triggering, DAQ and reconstruction requirements that must be addressed outside the scope of conventional GeV-scale data collection and analysis pathways. Novel concepts for future LArTPC technology that enhance low-energy capabilities should also be explored to help address these challenges. |
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Address |
[Andringa, S.] Lab Instrumentacao & Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, Portugal, Email: blittlej@iit.edu; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
IOP Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0954-3899 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000931327500001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5502 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
