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Author |
Garcia-Cases, F.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Ballester, F.; Vijande, J.; Granero, D. |
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Title |
Peripheral dose around a mobile linac for intraoperative radiotherapy: radiation protection aspects |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Radiological Protection |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Radiol. Prot. |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1393-1411 |
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Keywords |
Mobetron; mobile electron linear accelerator; radiotherapy intraoperative |
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Abstract |
The aim of this work is to analyse the scattered radiation produced by the mobile accelerator Mobetron 1000. To do so, detailed Monte Carlo simulations using two different codes, Penelope2008 and Geant4, were performed. Measurements were also done. To quantify the attenuation due to the internal structures, present in the accelerator head, on the scattered radiation produced, some of the main structural shielding in the Mobetron 1000 has been incorporated into the geometry simulation. Results are compared with measurements. Some discrepancies between the calculated and measured dose values were found. These differences can be traced back to the importance of the radiation component due to low energy scattered electrons. This encouraged us to perform additional calculations to separate the role played by this component. Ambient dose equivalent, H*(10), outside of the operating room (OR) has been evaluated using Geant4. H*(10) has been measured inside and outside the OR, being its values compatible with those reported in the literature once the low energy electron component is removed. With respect to the role played by neutrons, estimations of neutron H*(10) using Geant4 together with H*(10) measurements has been performed for the case of the 12 MeV electron beam. The values obtained agree with the experimental values existing in the literature, being much smaller than those registered in conventional accelerators. This study is a useful tool for the clinical user to investigate the radiation protection issues arising with the use of these accelerators in ORs without structural shielding. These results will also enable to better fix the maximum number of treatments that could be performed while insuring adequate radiological protection of workers and public in the hospital. |
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Address |
[Garcia-Cases, F.] Hosp Univ San Juan de Alicante, Serv Radiofis & Protecc Radiol, Alacant, Spain, Email: garcia_frad@gva.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
0952-4746 |
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Notes |
WOS:000448769200001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3784 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Caputo, A.; Pena-Garay, C.; Witte, S.J. |
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Title |
Looking for axion dark matter in dwarf spheroidal galaxies |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
98 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
083024 - 6pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We study the extent to which the decay of cold dark matter axions can be probed with forthcoming radio telescopes such as the Square Kilometer Array (SKA). In particular, we focus on signals arising from dwarf spheroidal galaxies, where astrophysical uncertainties are reduced and the expected magnetic field strengths are such that signals arising from axion decay may dominate over axion-photon conversion in a magnetic field. We show that with similar to 100 hr of observing time, SKA could improve current sensitivity by 2-3 orders of magnitude-potentially obtaining sufficient sensitivity to begin probing the decay of cold dark matter axions. |
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Address |
[Caputo, Andrea; Witte, Samuel J.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Apartado Correos 22085, E-46071 Valencia, Spain |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Notes |
WOS:000448458600001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3788 |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J.; Segarra, A. |
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Title |
Signatures of the genuine and matter-induced components of the CP violation asymmetry in neutrino oscillations |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
063 - 26pp |
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Keywords |
CP violation; Discrete Symmetries; Neutrino Physics |
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Abstract |
CP asymmetries for neutrino oscillations in matter can be disentangled into the matter-induced CPT-odd (T-invariant) component and the genuine T-odd (CPT-invariant) component. For their understanding in terms of the relevant ingredients, we develop a new perturbative expansion in both m2| without any assumptions between m2 and a, and study the subtleties of the vacuum limit in the two terms of the CP asymmetry, moving from the CPT-invariant vacuum limit a 0 to the T-invariant limit m20. In the experimental region of terrestrial accelerator neutrinos, we calculate their approximate expressions from which we prove that, at medium baselines, the CPT-odd component is small and nearly -independent, so it can be subtracted from the experimental CP asymmetry as a theoretical background, provided the hierarchy is known. At long baselines, on the other hand, we find that (i) a Hierarchy-odd term in the CPT-odd component dominates the CP asymmetry for energies above the first oscillation node, and (ii) the CPT-odd term vanishes, independent of the CP phase , at E = 0.92 GeV (L/1300 km) near the second oscillation maximum, where the T-odd term is almost maximal and proportional to sin . A measurement of the CP asymmetry in these energy regions would thus provide separate information on (i) the neutrino mass ordering, and (ii) direct evidence of genuine CP violation in the lepton sector. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Springer |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1029-8479 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000449817300002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3801 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J.; Segarra, A. |
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Title |
Disentangling Genuine from Matter-Induced CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillations |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Physical Review Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Lett. |
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Volume |
121 |
Issue |
21 |
Pages |
211802 - 5pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We prove that, in any flavor transition, neutrino oscillation CP-violating asymmetries in matter have two disentangled components: (i) a CPT-odd T-invariant term, non-vanishing iff there are interactions with matter, and (ii) a T-odd CPT-invariant term, non-vanishing iff there is genuine CP violation. As function of the baseline, these two terms are distinct L-even and L-odd observables to separately test (i) matter effects sensitive to the neutrino hierarchy and (ii) genuine CP violation in the neutrino sector. For the golden nu(mu) -> nu(e) channel, the different energy distributions of the two components provide a signature of their separation. At long baselines, they show oscillations in the low and medium energy regions, with zeros at different positions and peculiar behavior around the zeros. We discover a magic energy E = (0.91 +/- 0.01) GeV at L = 1300 km with vanishing CPT-odd component and maximal genuine CP asymmetry proportional to sin delta, with delta the weak CP phase. For energies above 1.5 GeV, the sign of the CP asymmetry discriminates the neutrino hierarchy. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9007 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000451010600005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3815 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vento, V. |
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Title |
Ions, Protons, and Photons as Signatures of Monopoles |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Universe |
Abbreviated Journal |
Universe |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
117 - 12pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Magnetic monopoles have been a subject of interest since Dirac established the relationship between the existence of monopoles and charge quantization. The Dirac quantization condition bestows the monopole with a huge magnetic charge. The aim of this study was to determine whether this huge magnetic charge allows monopoles to be detected by the scattering of charged ions and protons on matter where they might be bound. We also analyze if this charge favors monopolium (monopole-antimonopole) annihilation into many photons over two photon decays. |
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Address |
[Vento, Vicente] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain, Email: vicente.vento@uv.es |
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Publisher |
Mdpi |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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ISSN |
2218-1997 |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000451167700007 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3819 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Donini, A.; Palomares-Ruiz, S.; Salvado, J. |
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Title |
Neutrino tomography of Earth |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Nature Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Phys. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
37-40 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Cosmic-ray interactions with the atmosphere produce a flux of neutrinos in all directions with energies extending above the TeV scale(1). The Earth is not a fully transparent medium for neutrinos with energies above a few TeV, as the neutrinonucleon cross-section is large enough to make the absorption probability non-negligible(2). Since absorption depends on energy and distance travelled, studying the distribution of the TeV atmospheric neutrinos passing through the Earth offers an opportunity to infer its density profiles(3-7). This has never been done, however, due to the lack of relevant data. Here we perform a neutrino-based tomography of the Earth using actual data-one-year of through-going muon atmospheric neutrino data collected by the IceCube telescope(8). Using only weak interactions, in a way that is completely independent of gravitational measurements, we are able to determine the mass of the Earth and its core, its moment of inertia, and to establish that the core is denser than the mantle. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach to study the Earth's internal structure, which is complementary to traditional geophysics methods. Neutrino tomography could become more competitive as soon as more statistics is available, provided that the sources of systematic uncertainties are fully under control. |
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Address |
[Donini, Andrea; Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio; Salvado, Jordi] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain, Email: sergiopr@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1745-2473 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000454733100017 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3863 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Carames, T.F.; Vijande, J.; Valcarce, A. |
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Title |
Exotic bc(q)over-bar(q)over-bar four-quark states |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
99 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
014006 - 9pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We carry out a systematic study of exotic QQ'(q) over bar(q) over bar four-quark states containing distinguishable heavy flavors, b and c. Different generic constituent models are explored in an attempt to extract general conclusions. The results are robust, predicting the same sets of quantum numbers as the best candidates to lodge bound states independently of the model used, the isoscalar J(P) = 0(+) and J(P) = 1(+) states. The first state would be strong and electromagnetic-interaction stable, while the second would decay electromagnetically to (B) over barD gamma. Isovector states are found to be unbound, preventing the existence of charged partners. The interest on exotic heavy-light tetraquarks with nonidentical heavy flavors comes reinforced by the recent estimation of the production rate of the isoscalar bc (u) over bar(d) over bar J(P) = 1(+) state, 2 orders of magnitude larger than that of the bb (u) over bar(d) over bar analogous state. |
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Address |
[Carames, T. F.; Valcarce, A.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain, Email: carames@usal.es; |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000455060900002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3874 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Barenboim, G.; Masud, M.; Ternes, C.A.; Tortola, M. |
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Title |
Exploring the intrinsic Lorentz-violating parameters at DUNE |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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Volume |
788 |
Issue |
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Pages |
308-315 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Neutrinos can push our search for new physics to a whole new level. What makes them so hard to be detected, what allows them to travel humongous distances without being stopped or deflected allows to amplify Planck suppressed effects (or effects of comparable size) to a level that we can measure or bound in DUNE. In this work we analyze the sensitivity of DUNE to CPT and Lorentz-violating interactions in a framework that allows a straightforward extrapolation of the bounds obtained to any phenomenological modification of the dispersion relation of neutrinos. |
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Address |
[Barenboim, Gabriela] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, CSIC, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Gabriela.Barenboim@uv.es; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000455364400041 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3878 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O. |
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Title |
Cosmology-marginalized approaches in Bayesian model comparison: The neutrino mass as a case study |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
99 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
021301 - 6pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We propose here a novel method which singles out the a priori unavoidable dependence on the underlying cosmological model when extracting parameter constraints, providing robust limits which only depend on the considered dataset. Interestingly, when dealing with several possible cosmologies and interpreting the Bayesian preference in terms of the Gaussian statistical evidence, the preferred model is much less favored than when only two cases are compared. As a working example, we apply our approach to the cosmological neutrino mass bounds, which play a fundamental role not only in establishing the contribution of relic neutrinos to the dark matter of the Universe but also in the planning of future experimental searches of the neutrino character and of the neutrino mass ordering. |
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Address |
[Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46980 Valencia, Spain, Email: gariazzo@ific.uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000456800000001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3893 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Albiol, F.; Corbi, A.; Albiol, A. |
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Title |
Densitometric Radiographic Imaging With Contour Sensors |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
IEEE Access |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Access |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
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Pages |
18902-18914 |
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Keywords |
Conventional X-ray imaging; contour data; densitometric images; dynamic range; depth information |
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Abstract |
We present the technical/physical foundations of a new imaging technique that combines ordinary radiographic information (generated by conventional X-ray settings) with the patient's volume to derive densitometric images. Traditionally, these images provide quantitative information about tissues densities. In our approach, they graphically enhance either soft or bony regions. After measuring the patient's volume with contour recognition devices, the physical traversed lengths within it (as the Roentgen beam intersects the patient) are calculated and pixel-wise associated with the original radiograph (X). In order to derive this map of lengths (L), the camera equations of the X-ray system and the contour sensor are determined. The patient's surface is also translated to the point-of-view of the X-ray beam and all its entrance/exit points are sought with the help of ray-casting methods. The derived L is applied to X as a physical operation (subtraction), obtaining soft tissue-(D-S) or bone-enhanced (D'(B)) figures. In the D-S type, the contained graphical information can be linearly mapped to the average electronic density (traversed by the X-ray beam). This feature represents an interesting proof-of-concept of associating density data to radiographs, but most important, their intensity histogram is objectively compressed, i.e., the dynamic range is more shrunk (compared against the corresponding X). This leads to other advantages: improvement in the visibility of border/edge areas (high gradient), extended manual window level/width manipulations during screening, and immediate correction of underexposed X instances. In the D-B' type, high-density elements are highlighted and easier to discern. All these results can be achieved with low-energy beam exposures, saving costs and dose. Future work will deepen this clinical side of our research. In contrast with other image-based modifiers, the proposed method is grounded on the measurement of a physical entity: the span of the X-ray beam within a body while undertaking a radiographic examination. |
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Address |
[Albiol, Francisco; Corbi, Alberto] CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Paterna 46980, Spain, Email: kiko@ific.uv.es |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2169-3536 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000459591800001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3920 |
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Permanent link to this record |