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Author ANTARES Collaboration (Albert, A. et al); Colomer, M.; Gozzini, R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Illuminati, G.; Khan-Chowdhury, N.R.; Manczak, J.; Thakore, T.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Search for dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with 11 years of ANTARES data Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Physics Letters B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Lett. B  
  Volume 805 Issue Pages 135439 - 6pp  
  Keywords Dark matter indirect detection; Neutrino telescope; Galactic Centre; ANTARES  
  Abstract Neutrino detectors participate in the indirect search for the fundamental constituents of dark matter (DM) in form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). In WIMP scenarios, candidate DM particles can pair-annihilate into Standard Model products, yielding considerable fluxes of high-energy neutrinos. A detector like ANTARES, located in the Northern Hemisphere, is able to perform a complementary search looking towards the Galactic Centre, where a high density of dark matter is thought to accumulate. Both this directional information and the spectral features of annihilating DM pairs are entered into an unbinned likelihood method to scan the data set in search for DM-like signals in ANTARES data. Results obtained upon unblinding 3170 days of data reconstructed with updated methods are presented, which provides a larger, and more accurate, data set than a previously published result using 2101 days. A non-observation of dark matter is converted into limits on the velocity-averaged cross section for WIMP pair annihilation.  
  Address (up) [Albert, A.; Drouhin, D.; Ruiz, R. Gracia; Organokov, M.; Pradier, T.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Email: srgozzini@km3net.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0370-2693 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000541379800026 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4439  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author HAWC Collaboration (Albert, A. et al); Salesa Greus, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Cosmic ray spectrum of protons plus helium nuclei between 6 and 158 TeV from HAWC data Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Physical Review D Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. D  
  Volume 105 Issue 6 Pages 063021 - 26pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract A measurement with high statistics of the differential energy spectrum of light elements in cosmic rays, in particular, of primary H plus He nuclei, is reported. The spectrum is presented in the energy range from 6 to 158 TeV per nucleus. Data was collected with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory between June 2015 and June 2019. The analysis was based on a Bayesian unfolding procedure, which was applied on a subsample of vertical HAWC data that was enriched to 82% of events induced by light nuclei. To achieve the mass separation, a cut on the lateral age of air shower data was set guided by predictions of CORSIKA/QGSJET-I1-04 simulations. The measured spectrum is consistent with a broken power-law spectrum and shows a kneelike feature at around E = 24.0(-3.1)(+3.6) TeV, with a spectral index gamma = -2.51 +/- 0.02 before the break and with gamma = -2.83 +/- 0.02 above it. The feature has a statistical significance of 4.1 sigma. Within systematic uncertainties, the significance of the spectral break is 0.8 sigma.  
  Address (up) [Albert, A.; Durocher, M.; Harding, J. P.; Kunde, G. J.; Malone, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA, Email: juan.arteaga@umich.mx;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2470-0010 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000789448800001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5215  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author HAWC Collaboration (Albert, A. et al); Salesa Greus, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Probing the Extragalactic Mid-infrared Background with HAWC Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Astrophysical Journal Abbreviated Journal Astrophys. J.  
  Volume 933 Issue 2 Pages 223 - 8pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The extragalactic background light (EBL) contains all the radiation emitted by nuclear and accretion processes in stars and compact objects since the epoch of recombination. Measuring the EBL density directly is challenging, especially in the near-to-far-infrared wave band, mainly due to the zodiacal light foreground. Instead, gamma-ray astronomy offers the possibility to indirectly set limits on the EBL by studying the effects of gamma-ray absorption in the very high energy (VHE: >100 GeV) spectra of distant blazars. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma Ray Observatory (HAWC) is one of the few instruments sensitive to gamma rays with energies above 10 TeV. This offers the opportunity to probe the EBL in the near/mid-IR region: lambda = 1-100 μm. In this study, we fit physically motivated emission models to Fermi-LAT gigaelectronvolt data to extrapolate the intrinsic teraelectronvolt spectra of blazars. We then simulate a large number of absorbed spectra for different randomly generated EBL model shapes and calculate Bayesian credible bands in the EBL intensity space by comparing and testing the agreement between the absorbed spectra and HAWC extragalactic observations of two blazars. The resulting bands are in agreement with current EBL lower and upper limits, showing a downward trend toward higher wavelength values lambda > 10 μm also observed in previous measurements.  
  Address (up) [Albert, A.; Durocher, M.; Harding, J. P.; Malone, K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM USA, Email: mkf5479@psu.edu  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0004-637x ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000826698600001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5295  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author HAWC Collaboration (Albert, A. et al); Salesa Greus, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Long-term Spectra of the Blazars Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 at TeV Energies Seen by HAWC Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Astrophysical Journal Abbreviated Journal Astrophys. J.  
  Volume 929 Issue 2 Pages 125 - 12pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory surveys the very high-energy sky in the 300 GeV to >100 TeV energy range. HAWC has detected two blazars above 11 sigma, Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) and Markarian 501 (Mrk 501). The observations are comprised of data taken in the period between 2015 June and 2018 July, resulting in similar to 1038 days of exposure. In this work, we report the time-averaged spectral analyses for both sources, above 0.5 TeV. Taking into account the flux attenuation due to the extragalactic background light, the intrinsic spectrum of Mrk 421 is described by a power law with an exponential energy cutoff with index alpha = 2.26 +/- (0.12)(stat)((+0.17)(-0.2))(sys) and energy cutoff E-c = 5.1 +/- (1.6)(stat)((+1.4)(-2.5))(sys) TeV, while the intrinsic spectrum of Mrk 501 is better described by a simple power law with index alpha = 2.61 +/- (0.11)(stat)((+)(0.01)(-0.07))(sys). The maximum energies at which the Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 signals are detected are 9 and 12 TeV, respectively. This makes these some of the highest energy detections to date for spectra averaged over years-long timescales. Since the observation of gamma radiation from blazars provides information about the physical processes that take place in their relativistic jets, it is important to study the broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these objects. For this purpose, contemporaneous data in the gamma-ray band to the X-ray range, and literature data in the radio to UV range, were used to build time-averaged SEDs that were modeled within a synchrotron-self Compton leptonic scenario.  
  Address (up) [Albert, A.; Durocher, M.; Harding, J. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA, Email: alberto@inaoep.mx;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0004-637x ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000785694100001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5209  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author HAWC Collaboration (Alfaro, R. et al); Salesa Greus, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Validation of standardized data formats and tools for ground-level particle-based gamma-ray observatories Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Astronomy & Astrophysics Abbreviated Journal Astron. Astrophys.  
  Volume 667 Issue Pages A36 - 12pp  
  Keywords methods; data analysis; gamma rays; general  
  Abstract Context. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy is still a rather young field of research, with strong historical connections to particle physics. This is why most observations are conducted by experiments with proprietary data and analysis software, as is usual in the particle physics field. However, in recent years, this paradigm has been slowly shifting toward the development and use of open-source data formats and tools, driven by upcoming observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this context, a community-driven, shared data format (the gamma-astro-data-format, or GADF) and analysis tools such as Gammapy and ctools have been developed. So far, these efforts have been led by the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope community, leaving out other types of ground-based gamma-ray instruments. Aims. We aim to show that the data from ground particle arrays, such as the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, are also compatible with the GADF and can thus be fully analyzed using the related tools, in this case, Gammapy. Methods. We reproduced several published HAWC results using Gammapy and data products compliant with GADF standard. We also illustrate the capabilities of the shared format and tools by producing a joint fit of the Crab spectrum including data from six different gamma-ray experiments. Results. We find excellent agreement with the reference results, a powerful confirmation of both the published results and the tools involved. Conclusions. The data from particle detector arrays such as the HAWC observatory can be adapted to the GADF and thus analyzed with Gammapy. A common data format and shared analysis tools allow multi-instrument joint analysis and effective data sharing. To emphasize this, a sample of Crab nebula event lists is made public with this paper. Because of the complementary nature of pointing and wide-field instruments, this synergy will be distinctly beneficial for the joint scientific exploitation of future observatories such as the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory and CTA.  
  Address (up) [Albert, A.; Durocher, M.; Harding, J. P.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM USA, Email: laura.olivera-nieto@mpi-hd.mpg.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Edp Sciences S A Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0004-6361 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000879223700008 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5408  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author ANTARES Collaboration (Albert, A. et al); Alves, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V.; Gozzini, R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Khan-Chowdhury, N.R.; Manczak, J.; Pieterse, C.; Sanchez-Losa, A.; Salesa Greus, F.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Search for magnetic monopoles with ten years of the ANTARES neutrino telescope Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of High Energy Astrophysics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Astrophys.  
  Volume 34 Issue Pages 1-8  
  Keywords ANTARES telescope; Magnetic monopoles; Neutrino  
  Abstract This work presents a new search for magnetic monopoles using data taken with the ANTARES neutrino telescope over a period of 10 years (January 2008 to December 2017). Compared to previous ANTARES searches, this analysis uses a run-by-run simulation strategy, with a larger exposure as well as a new simulation of magnetic monopoles taking into account the Kasama, Yang and Goldhaber model for their interaction cross-section with matter. No signal compatible with the passage of relativistic magnetic monopoles is observed, and upper limits on the flux of magnetic monopoles with beta = v/c & nbsp;>=& nbsp;0.55, are presented. For ultra-relativistic magnetic monopoles the flux limit is similar to 7 x 10(-18) cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1). (C)& nbsp;2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.  
  Address (up) [Albert, A.; Pradier, T.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Email: boumaaza.jihad@gmail.com  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2214-4048 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000791701000001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5223  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Albiol, A.; Albiol, F.; Paredes, R.; Plasencia-Martinez, J.M.; Blanco Barrio, A.; Garcia Santos, J.M.; Tortajada, S.; Gonzalez Montano, V.M.; Rodriguez Godoy, C.E.; Fernandez Gomez, S.; Oliver-Garcia, E.; de la Iglesia Vaya, M.; Marquez Perez, F.L.; Rayo Madrid, J.I. doi  openurl
  Title A comparison of Covid-19 early detection between convolutional neural networks and radiologists Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Insights into Imaging Abbreviated Journal Insights Imaging  
  Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 122 - 12pp  
  Keywords Deep learning; Covid-19; Radiology  
  Abstract Background The role of chest radiography in COVID-19 disease has changed since the beginning of the pandemic from a diagnostic tool when microbiological resources were scarce to a different one focused on detecting and monitoring COVID-19 lung involvement. Using chest radiographs, early detection of the disease is still helpful in resource-poor environments. However, the sensitivity of a chest radiograph for diagnosing COVID-19 is modest, even for expert radiologists. In this paper, the performance of a deep learning algorithm on the first clinical encounter is evaluated and compared with a group of radiologists with different years of experience. Methods The algorithm uses an ensemble of four deep convolutional networks, Ensemble4Covid, trained to detect COVID-19 on frontal chest radiographs. The algorithm was tested using images from the first clinical encounter of positive and negative cases. Its performance was compared with five radiologists on a smaller test subset of patients. The algorithm's performance was also validated using the public dataset COVIDx. Results Compared to the consensus of five radiologists, the Ensemble4Covid model achieved an AUC of 0.85, whereas the radiologists achieved an AUC of 0.71. Compared with other state-of-the-art models, the performance of a single model of our ensemble achieved nonsignificant differences in the public dataset COVIDx. Conclusion The results show that the use of images from the first clinical encounter significantly drops the detection performance of COVID-19. The performance of our Ensemble4Covid under these challenging conditions is considerably higher compared to a consensus of five radiologists. Artificial intelligence can be used for the fast diagnosis of COVID-19.  
  Address (up) [Albiol, Alberto] Univ Politecn Valencia, iTeam Inst, ETSI Telecomunicac, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain, Email: alalbiol@iteam.upv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1869-4101 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000832727200003 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5302  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Albiol, F.; Corbi, A.; Albiol, A. doi  openurl
  Title Densitometric Radiographic Imaging With Contour Sensors Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication IEEE Access Abbreviated Journal IEEE Access  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages 18902-18914  
  Keywords Conventional X-ray imaging; contour data; densitometric images; dynamic range; depth information  
  Abstract We present the technical/physical foundations of a new imaging technique that combines ordinary radiographic information (generated by conventional X-ray settings) with the patient's volume to derive densitometric images. Traditionally, these images provide quantitative information about tissues densities. In our approach, they graphically enhance either soft or bony regions. After measuring the patient's volume with contour recognition devices, the physical traversed lengths within it (as the Roentgen beam intersects the patient) are calculated and pixel-wise associated with the original radiograph (X). In order to derive this map of lengths (L), the camera equations of the X-ray system and the contour sensor are determined. The patient's surface is also translated to the point-of-view of the X-ray beam and all its entrance/exit points are sought with the help of ray-casting methods. The derived L is applied to X as a physical operation (subtraction), obtaining soft tissue-(D-S) or bone-enhanced (D'(B)) figures. In the D-S type, the contained graphical information can be linearly mapped to the average electronic density (traversed by the X-ray beam). This feature represents an interesting proof-of-concept of associating density data to radiographs, but most important, their intensity histogram is objectively compressed, i.e., the dynamic range is more shrunk (compared against the corresponding X). This leads to other advantages: improvement in the visibility of border/edge areas (high gradient), extended manual window level/width manipulations during screening, and immediate correction of underexposed X instances. In the D-B' type, high-density elements are highlighted and easier to discern. All these results can be achieved with low-energy beam exposures, saving costs and dose. Future work will deepen this clinical side of our research. In contrast with other image-based modifiers, the proposed method is grounded on the measurement of a physical entity: the span of the X-ray beam within a body while undertaking a radiographic examination.  
  Address (up) [Albiol, Francisco; Corbi, Alberto] CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Paterna 46980, Spain, Email: kiko@ific.uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2169-3536 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000459591800001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3920  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Alcaide, J.; Banerjee, S.; Chala, M.; Titov, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Probes of the Standard Model effective field theory extended with a right-handed neutrino Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.  
  Volume 08 Issue 8 Pages 031 - 18pp  
  Keywords Beyond Standard Model; Effective Field Theories; Neutrino Physics  
  Abstract If neutrinos are Dirac particles and, as suggested by the so far null LHC results, any new physics lies at energies well above the electroweak scale, the Standard Model effective field theory has to be extended with operators involving the right-handed neutrinos. In this paper, we study this effective field theory and set constraints on the different dimension-six interactions. To that aim, we use LHC searches for associated production of light (and tau) leptons with missing energy, monojet searches, as well as pion and tau decays. Our bounds are generally above the TeV for order one couplings. One particular exception is given by operators involving top quarks. These provide new signals in top decays not yet studied at colliders. Thus, we also design an LHC analysis to explore these signatures in the tt production. Our results are also valid if the right-handed neutrinos are Majorana and long-lived.  
  Address (up) [Alcaide, Julien] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: julien.alcaide@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000482463900008 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4120  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Alcaide, J.; Mileo, N.I. url  doi
openurl 
  Title LHC sensitivity to singly charged scalars decaying into electrons and muons Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Physical Review D Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. D  
  Volume 102 Issue 7 Pages 075030 - 11pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Current LHC searches for nonsupersymmetric singly charged scalars, based on two-Higgs-doublet models, in general, focus the analysis in third-generation fermions in the final state. However, singly charged scalars in alternative extensions of the scalar sector involve Yukawa couplings not proportional to the mass of the fermions. Assuming the scalar decays into electrons and muons, it can manifest cleaner experimental signatures. In this paper, we suggest that a singly charged scalar singlet, with electroweak production, can start to be probed in the near future with dedicated search strategies. Depending on the strength of the Yukawa couplings, two independent scenarios arc considered: direct pair production (small couplings) and single production via a virtual neutrino exchange (large couplings). We show that, up to a mass as large as 500 GeV, most of the parameter space could be excluded at the 95% C.L. in a high-luminosity phase of the LHC. Our results also apply to other frameworks, provided the singly charged scalar exhibits similar production patterns and dominant decay modes.  
  Address (up) [Alcaide, Julien] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain, Email: julien.alcaide@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2470-0010 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000582241100010 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4580  
Permanent link to this record
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