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Author |
XENON Collaboration (Aprile, E. et al); Orrigo, S.E.A. |
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Title |
Results from a calibration of XENON100 using a source of dissolved radon-220 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
072008 - 10pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
A Rn-220 source is deployed on the XENON100 dark matter detector in order to address the challenges in calibration of tonne-scale liquid noble element detectors. We show that the Pb-212 beta emission can be used for low-energy electronic recoil calibration in searches for dark matter. The isotope spreads throughout the entire active region of the detector, and its activity naturally decays below background level within a week after the source is closed. We find no increase in the activity of the troublesome Rn-222 background after calibration. Alpha emitters are also distributed throughout the detector and facilitate calibration of its response to Rn-222. Using the delayed coincidence of Rn-220-Po-216, we map for the first time the convective motion of particles in the XENON100 detector. Additionally, we make a competitive measurement of the half-life of Po-212, t(1/2) = (293.9 +/- (1.0)(stat) +/- (0.6)(sys)) ns. |
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Address |
[Aprile, E.; Anthony, M.; de Perio, P.; Gao, F.; Goetzke, L. W.; Greene, Z.; Lin, Q.; Messina, M.; Plante, G.; Rizzo, A.; Zhang, Y.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY USA, Email: rafael@purdue.edu |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000399945500001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3101 |
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Author |
XENON Collaboration (Aprile, E. et al); Orrigo, S.E.A. |
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Title |
Exclusion of leptophilic dark matter models using XENON100 electronic recoil data |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
349 |
Issue |
6250 |
Pages |
851-854 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Laboratory experiments searching for galactic dark matter particles scattering off nuclei have so far not been able to establish a discovery. We use data from the XENON100 experiment to search for dark matter interacting with electrons. With no evidence for a signal above the low background of our experiment, we exclude a variety of representative dark matter models that would induce electronic recoils. For axial-vector couplings to electrons, we exclude cross sections above 6 x 10(-35) cm(2) for particle masses of m(chi) = 2 GeV/c(2). Independent of the dark matter halo, we exclude leptophilic models as an explanation for the long-standing DAMA/LIBRA signal, such as couplings to electrons through axial-vector interactions at a 4.4 sigma confidence level, mirror dark matter at 3.6 sigma, and luminous dark matter at 4.6 sigma. |
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Publisher |
Amer Assoc Advancement Science |
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Language |
English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0036-8075 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000359832700045 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2490 |
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Author |
XENON Collaboration (Aprile, E. et al); Orrigo, S.E.A. |
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Title |
Lowering the radioactivity of the photomultiplier tubes for the XENON1T dark matter experiment |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
European Physical Journal C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur. Phys. J. C |
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Volume |
75 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
546 - 10pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The low-background, VUV-sensitive 3-inch diameter photomultiplier tube R11410 has been developed by Hamamatsu for dark matter direct detection experiments using liquid xenon as the target material. We present the results from the joint effort between the XENON collaboration and the Hamamatsu company to produce a highly radio-pure photosensor (version R11410-21) for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. After introducing the photosensor and its components, we show the methods and results of the radioactive contamination measurements of the individual materials employed in the photomultiplier production. We then discuss the adopted strategies to reduce the radioactivity of the various PMT versions. Finally, we detail the results from screening 286 tubes with ultra-low background germanium detectors, as well as their implications for the expected electronic and nuclear recoil background of the XENON1T experiment. |
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Address |
[XENON Collaboration] Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy, Email: lbaudis@uzh.ch; |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Springer |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1434-6044 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000365528200001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2477 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
XENON Collaboration (Aprile, E. et al); Orrigo, S.E.A. |
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Title |
Removing krypton from xenon by cryogenic distillation to the ppq level |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
European Physical Journal C |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur. Phys. J. C |
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Volume |
77 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
275 - 12pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The XENON1T experiment aims for the direct detection of dark matter in a detector filled with 3.3 tons of liquid xenon. In order to achieve the desired sensitivity, the background induced by radioactive decays inside the detector has to be sufficiently low. One major contributor is the beta-emitter Kr-85 which is present in the xenon. For XENON1T a concentration of natural krypton in xenon Kr-nat/Xe < 200 ppq (parts per quadrillion, 1 ppq = 10(-15) mol/mol) is required. In this work, the design, construction and test of a novel cryogenic distillation column using the common McCabe-Thiele approach is described. The system demonstrated a krypton reduction factor of 6.4 . 10(5) with thermodynamic stability at process speeds above 3 kg/h. The resulting concentration of natKr/Xe < 26 ppq is the lowest ever achieved, almost one order of magnitude below the requirements for XENON1T and even sufficient for future dark matter experiments using liquid xenon, such as XENONnT and DARWIN. |
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Address |
[Lin, Q.] Lab Nazl Gran Sasso, Assergi, Italy, Email: michaelmurra@wwu.de; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1434-6044 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000400642800003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3114 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
XENON Collaboration (Aprile, E. et al); Orrigo, S.E.A. |
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Title |
Physics reach of the XENON1T dark matter experiment |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
027 - 37pp |
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Keywords |
dark matter simulations; dark matter experiments |
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Abstract |
The XENON1T experiment is currently in the commissioning phase at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. In this article we study the experiment's expected sensitivity to the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interaction cross section, based on Monte Carlo predictions of the electronic and nuclear recoil backgrounds. The total electronic recoil background in 1 tonne fiducial volume and (1, 12) keV electronic recoil equivalent energy region, before applying any selection to discriminate between electronic and nuclear recoils, is (1.80+/-0.15) . 10(-4) (kg.day.keV)(-1), mainly due to the decay of Rn-222 daughters inside the xenon target. The nuclear recoil background in the corresponding nuclear recoil equivalent energy region (4, 50) keV, is composed of (0.6 +/- 0.1) (t.y)(-1) from radiogenic neutrons, (1.8+/-0.3) . 10(-2) (t.y)(-1) from coherent scattering of neutrinos, and less than 0.01 (t.y)(-1) from muon-induced neutrons. The sensitivity of XENON1T is calculated with the Pro file Likelihood Ratio method, after converting the deposited energy of electronic and nuclear recoils into the scintillation and ionization signals seen in the detector. We take into account the systematic uncertainties on the photon and electron emission model, and on the estimation of the backgrounds, treated as nuisance parameters. The main contribution comes from the relative scintillation efficiency L-eff, which affects both the signal from WIMPs and the nuclear recoil backgrounds. After a 2 y measurement in 1 tonne fiducial volume, the sensitivity reaches a minimum cross section of 1.6 . 10(-47) cm(2) at m(chi) = 50 GeV/c(2). |
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Address |
[Aprile, E.; Anthony, M.; Contreras, H.; de Perio, P.; Goetzke, L. W.; Greene, Z.; Fernandez, A. J. Melgarejo; Messina, M.; Plante, G.; Rizzo, A.; Weber, M.; Zhang, Y.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA, Email: cyril.grignon@uni-mainz.de; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000393286400005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2950 |
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Permanent link to this record |