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KM3NeT Collaboration(Aiello, S. et al), Alves Garre, S., Bariego-Quintana, A., Calvo, D., Cecchini, V., Garcia Soto, A., et al. (2025). Evaluation of the upgraded 3-inch Hamamatsu photomultiplier for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope. J. Instrum., 20(7), P07054–15pp.
Abstract: The 3-inch Hamamatsu R14374-02 photomultiplier tube is an improved version of the R12199-02 model and its successor in the construction of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. A total of 1000 photomultipliers were analysed to assess their dark count rate, transit time spread, and spurious pulses. A subset of 200 photomultipliers were further evaluated to determine their quantum efficiency which is an essential parameter for Monte Carlo simulations of the detector response. The measurements show that R14374-02 model has better quantum efficiency homogeneity over the photocatode and better time properties than the R12199-02.
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Barbieri, N., Brinckmann, T., Gariazzo, S., Lattanzi, M., Pastor, S., & Pisanti, O. (2025). Current Constraints on Cosmological Scenarios with Very Low Reheating Temperatures. Phys. Rev. Lett., 135(18), 181003–8pp.
Abstract: We present a comprehensive analysis of the effects of models with very low reheating scenarios [T-RH similar to O(MeV)] on the cosmological observables and derive corresponding bounds on the reheating temperature. With respect to previous work, our Letter includes a more precise computation of neutrino distribution functions, leveraging the latest datasets from cosmological surveys. We perform a joint analysis that combines constraints from big bang nucleosynthesis, the cosmic microwave background, and galaxy surveys, alongside separate investigations of these datasets, carefully assessing the impact of different choices of priors. At the 95% confidence level, we establish a lower bound on the reheating temperature of T-RH > 5.96 MeV, representing the most stringent constraint to date.
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Shergold, J. D., & Spinrath, M. (2025). Constraining neutrino charges at beam experiments. Phys. Rev. D, 112(7), 073006–8pp.
Abstract: We propose a new method to constrain neutrino charges at neutrino beam experiments. Uncharged in the Standard Model, evidence for a neutrino electric charge would be a smoking gun for new physics, shedding light on the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos, and giving insight into the origin of charge quantization. We find that using the most sensitive magnetometers available, existing beam experiments could constrain neutrino charges |q(nu)|less than or similar to 10(-13), in units of the electron charge, while future upgrades could strengthen these bounds significantly. We also discuss electromagnetic dipole moments and show that our proposal is highly sensitive to new long-range forces.
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Calibbi, L., Hagedorn, C., Schmidt, M. A., & Vandeleur, J. (2025). Selection rules for charged lepton flavor violating processes from residual flavor groups. Phys. Rev. D, 112(7), 075031–20pp.
Abstract: We systematically investigate the possible phenomenological impact of residual flavor groups in the charged lepton sector. We consider all possible flavor charge assignments for Abelian residual symmetries up to Z8. The allowed flavor structures of operators in Standard Model effective field theory (up to dimension six) lead to distinctive and observable patterns of charged lepton flavor violating processes. We illustrate the relevance of such selection rules displaying the current bounds on and the future sensitivities to the new physics scale. These results demonstrate, in particular, the importance and discriminating power of searches for lepton flavor violating tau lepton decays and muonium to antimuonium conversion.
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Martinez de Lejarza, J. J., Wu, H. Y., Kyriienko, O., Rodrigo, G., & Grossi, M. (2025). Quantum Chebyshev probabilistic models for fragmentation functions. Commun. Phys., 8(1), 448–9pp.
Abstract: Quantum generative modeling is emerging as a powerful tool for advancing data analysis in high-energy physics, where complex multivariate distributions are common. However, efficiently learning and sampling these distributions remains challenging. We propose a quantum protocol for a bivariate probabilistic model based on shifted Chebyshev polynomials, trained as a circuit-based representation of two correlated variables, with sampling performed via quantum Chebyshev transforms. As a key application, we study fragmentation functions (FFs) of charged pions and kaons from single-inclusive hadron production in electron-positron annihilation. We learn the joint distribution of momentum fraction z and energy scale Q, and infer their correlations from the entanglement structure. Building on the generalization capabilities of the quantum model and extended register architecture, we perform fine-grid multivariate sampling for FF dataset augmentation. Our results highlight the growing potential of quantum generative modeling to advance data analysis and scientific discovery in high-energy physics.
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