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Bouhova-Thacker, E., Kostyukhin, V., Koffas, T., Liebig, W., Limper, M., Piacquadio, G. N., et al. (2010). Expected Performance of Vertex Reconstruction in the ATLAS Experiment at the LHC. IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., 57(2), 760–767.
Abstract: In the harsh environment of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN (design luminosity of 10(34) cm(-2) s(-1)) efficient reconstruction of vertices is crucial for many physics analyses. Described in this paper is the expected performance of the vertex reconstruction used in the ATLAS experiment. The algorithms for the reconstruction of primary and secondary vertices as well as for finding photon conversions and vertex reconstruction in jets are described. The implementation of vertex algorithms which follows a very modular design based on object-oriented C++ is presented. A user-friendly concept allows event reconstruction and physics analyses to compare and optimize their choice among different vertex reconstruction strategies. The performance of implemented algorithms has been studied on a variety of Monte Carlo samples and results are presented.
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Sonneveld, J., Bergauer, T., Casanova, R., Handerkas, H., Irmler, C., Jimenez-Sanchez, J., et al. (2027). The RD50-MPW4: A radiation hard HV CMOS sensor for future colliders. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 1093, 172091–5pp.
Abstract: The former CERN RD50 collaboration develops monolithic active pixel high voltage (HV) CMOS sensors for future colliders with the aim of high radiation tolerance, good time resolution, and high granularity pixel detectors. The most recent prototype, the RD50-MPW4, was produced by LFoundry in December 2023 using a 150 nm CMOS process. It features a matrix of 64x64 pixels with a 62 μm pitch and employs a column-drain readout architecture. Compared to its predecessor, it now has separate analog and digital power domains and a new biasing scheme with a guard ring structure that supports bias voltages over 600 V. This contribution will discuss the design and latest results of the MPW4, where tests with unirradiated samples showed more than 99.9% efficiency, 16 μm spatial resolution and 10 ns timing resolution. Efficiencies of over 99% were achieved for samples irradiated to fluences of 1 & times;1015 1 MeV neq/cm2. A 3D map of the charge collection efficiency from a measurement with two-photon absorption laser is presented that nicely outlines the depletion depth of this radiation hard, high granularity monolithic active pixel sensor.
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