Abstract: The energy and mass measurements of jets are crucial tasks for the Large Hadron Collider experiments. This paper presents a new calibration method to simultaneously calibrate these quantities for large-radius jets measured with the ATLAS detector using a deep neural network (DNN). To address the specificities of the calibration problem, special loss functions and training procedures are employed, and a complex network architecture, which includes feature annotation and residual connection layers, is used. The DNN-based calibration is compared to the standard numerical approach in an extensive series of tests. The DNN approach is found to perform significantly better in almost all of the tests and over most of the relevant kinematic phase space. In particular, it consistently improves the energy and mass resolutions, with a 30% better energy resolution obtained for transverse momenta p(T) > 500 GeV.

Abstract: Neutron capture reactions provide essential nuclear physics input for modeling the synthesis of heavy elements in stars. The growing precision of stellar spectroscopy and isotopic measurements in presolar SiC grains now demands cross sections with improved accuracy over the full energy range, and access to unstable nuclei relevant to slow (s-) process branchings and the intermediate (i-) process. This article reviews recent progress in direct neutron capture measurements, focusing on time-of-flight (TOF) experiments at CERN n_TOF and complementary activation techniques. Substantial advances have been achieved for stable s-only and bottleneck isotopes, significantly improving constraints on s-process models. In parallel, the combination of high instantaneous neutron fluxes and advanced detector systems has facilitated first-time neutron capture measurements on several radioactive branching-point nuclei. Feasibility studies, however, reveal current limitations related to sample availability, background conditions, and restricted energy coverage. In this context, the complementarity between TOF and activation emerges as a central strategy. Future developments, including high-flux facilities and novel inverse kinematics experiments in ion storage rings, are expected to extend the boundaries of neutron capture measurements, overcoming current limitations and helping unlock new frontiers in our understanding of stellar nucleosynthesis.

Abstract: The latest HV-CMOS pixel sensor developed by the former CERN-RD50-CMOS group, known as the RD50-MPW4, demonstrates competitive radiation tolerance, spatial granularity, and timing resolution – requirements for future high-energy physics experiments such as the HL-LHC and FCC. Fabricated using 150 nm CMOS process by LFoundry, it introduces several improvements over its predecessor, the RD50-MPW3, including separated power domains for reduced noise, a new backside biasing scheme, and an enhanced guard ring structure, enabling operation at bias voltages up to 800 V. Tests with non-irradiated samples achieved hit detection efficiencies exceeding 99.9 % and a spatial resolution around 16 μm. Neutron-irradiated sensors were characterized using IV measurements and beam campaigns, confirming the sensor's robustness in high-radiation environments. The results highlight ability of HV-CMOS technology to restore hit detection efficiency post-irradiation by increasing the applied bias voltage. Details of these measurements and timing performance are presented in this paper.