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Yepes, H. (2012). The ANTARES neutrino detector instrumentation. J. Instrum., 7, C01022–9pp.
Abstract: ANTARES is actually the fully operational and the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern hemisphere. Located in the Mediterranean Sea, it consists of a 3D array of 885 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) arranged in 12 detection lines (25 storeys each), able to detect the Cherenkov light induced by upgoing relativistic muons produced in the interaction of high energy cosmic neutrinos with the detector surroundings. Among its physics goals, the search for neutrino astrophysical sources and the indirect detection of dark matter particles coming from the sun are of particular interest. To reach these goals, good accuracy in track reconstruction is mandatory, so several calibration systems for timing and positioning have been developed. In this contribution we will present the design of the detector, calibration systems, associated equipment and its performance on track reconstruction.
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Xie, J. J., & Oset, E. (2012). The DN, pi Sigma(c) interaction in finite volume and the Lambda(c)(2595) resonance. Eur. Phys. J. A, 48(10), 146–10pp.
Abstract: In this work the interaction of the coupled channels DN and pi Sigma(c) in an SU(4) extrapolation of the chiral unitary theory, where the Lambda(c)(2595) resonance appears as dynamically generated from that interaction, is extended to produce results in finite volume. Energy levels in the finite box are evaluated and, assuming that they would correspond to lattice results, the inverse problem of determining the phase shifts in the infinite volume from the lattice results is solved. We observe that it is possible to obtain accurate pi Sigma(c) phase shifts and the position of the Lambda(c)(2595) resonance, but it requires the explicit consideration of the two coupled channels. We also observe that some of the energy levels in the box are attached to the closed DN channel, such that their use to induce the pi Sigma(c) phase shifts via Luscher's formula leads to incorrect results.
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Xiao, C. W., Bayar, M., & Oset, E. (2012). Prediction of D*-multi-rho states. Phys. Rev. D, 86(9), 094019–10pp.
Abstract: We present a study of the many-body interaction between a D* and multi-rho. We use an extrapolation to SU(4) of the hidden gauge formalism, which produced dynamically the resonances f(2)(1270) in the rho rho interaction and D-2* (2460) in the rho D* interaction. We then let a third particle, rho, D*, or a resonance, collide with them, evaluating the scattering amplitudes in terms of the fixed center approximation of the Faddeev equations. We find several clear resonant structures above 2800 MeV in the multibody scattering amplitudes. They would correspond to new charmed resonances, D-3*, D-4*, D-5*, and D-6*, which are not yet listed in the Particle Data Group, which would be analogous to the rho(3)(1690), f(4)(2050), rho(5)(2350), f(6)(2510) and K-3*(1780), K-4*(2045), K-5*(2380) described before as multi-rho and K*-multi-rho states, respectively.
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Wurm, M. et al, & Mena, O. (2012). The next-generation liquid-scintillator neutrino observatory LENA. Astropart Phys., 35(11), 685–732.
Abstract: As part of the European LAGUNA design study on a next-generation neutrino detector, we propose the liquid-scintillator detector LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) as a multipurpose neutrino observatory. The outstanding successes of the Borexino and KamLAND experiments demonstrate the large potential of liquid-scintillator detectors in low-energy neutrino physics. Low energy threshold, good energy resolution and efficient background discrimination are inherent to the liquid-scintillator technique. A target mass of 50 kt will offer a substantial increase in detection sensitivity. At low energies, the variety of detection channels available in liquid scintillator will allow for an energy and flavor-resolved analysis of the neutrino burst emitted by a galactic Supernova. Due to target mass and background conditions, LENA will also be sensitive to the faint signal of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background. Solar metallicity, time-variation in the solar neutrino flux and deviations from MSW-LMA survival probabilities can be investigated based on unprecedented statistics. Low background conditions allow to search for dark matter by observing rare annihilation neutrinos. The large number of events expected for geoneutrinos will give valuable information on the abundances of Uranium and Thorium and their relative ratio in the Earth's crust and mantle. Reactor neutrinos enable a high-precision measurement of solar mixing parameters. A strong radioactive or pion decay-at-rest neutrino source can be placed close to the detector to investigate neutrino oscillations for short distances and sub-MeV to MeV energies. At high energies, LENA will provide a new lifetime limit for the SUSY-favored proton decay mode into kaon and antineutrino, surpassing current experimental limits by about one order of magnitude. Recent studies have demonstrated that a reconstruction of momentum and energy of GeV particles is well feasible in liquid scintillator. Monte Carlo studies on the reconstruction of the complex event topologies found for neutrino interactions at multi-GeV energies have shown promising results. If this is confirmed. LENA might serve as far detector in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment currently investigated in LAGUNA-LBNO.
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Vilella, E., Alonso, O., Trenado, J., Vila, A., Casanova, R., Vos, M., et al. (2012). A test beam setup for the characterization of the Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode technology for particle tracking. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 694, 199–204.
Abstract: It is well known that avalanche photodiodes operated in the Geiger mode above the breakdown voltage offer a virtually infinite gain and time accuracy in the picosecond range that can be used for single photon detection. However, their performance in particle detection still remains unexplored. In this contribution, we are going to expose different steps that we have taken in order to prove the efficiency of the Geiger mode avalanche photodiodes in the aforementioned field. In particular, we will present a setup for the characterization of these sensors in a test beam. The expected results of the test beam at DESY and CERN have been simulated with Geant4 and will also be exposed.
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Vijande, J., Valcarce, A., & Richard, J. M. (2012). Stability of hexaquarks in the string limit of confinement. Phys. Rev. D, 85(1), 014019–6pp.
Abstract: The stability of systems containing six quarks or antiquarks is studied within a simple string model inspired by the strong-coupling regime of quantum chromodynamics and used previously for tetraquarks and pentaquarks. We discuss both six-quark (q(6)) and three-quark-three-antiquark (q(3)($) over bar (3)) states. The quarks are assumed to be distinguishable and thus not submitted to antisymmetrization. It is found that the ground state of (q(6)) is stable against dissociation into two isolated baryons. For the case of (q(3)($) over bar (3)), our results indicate the existence of a bound state very close to the threshold. The investigations are extended to (q(3)Q(3)) and (Q(3) ($) over bar (3)) systems with two different constituent masses, and their stability is discussed as a function of the mass ratio.
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Vijande, J., Ballester, F., Ouhib, Z., Granero, D., Pujades-Claumarchirant, M. C., & Perez-Calatayud, J. (2012). Dosimetry comparison between TG-43 and Monte Carlo calculations using the Freiburg flap for skin high-dose-rate brachytherapy. Brachytherapy, 11(6), 528–535.
Abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether the delivered dose to the skin surface and at the prescription depth when using a Freiburg flap applicator is in agreement with the one predicted by the treatment planning system (TPS) using the TG-43 dose-calculation formalism. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and radiochromic film measurements have been performed to obtain dose distributions with the source located at the center of one of the spheres and between two spheres. Primary and scatter dose contributions were evaluated to understand the role played by the scatter component. A standard treatment plan was generated using MC- and TG-43-based TPS applying the superposition principle. RESULTS: The MC model has been validated by performing additional simulations in the same conditions but transforming air and Freiburg flap materials into water to match TG-43 parameters. Both dose distributions differ less than 1%. Scatter defect compared with TG-43 data is up to 15% when the source is located at the center of the sphere and up to 25% when the source is between two spheres. Maximum deviations between TPS- and MC-based distributions are of 5%. CONCLUSIONS: The deviations in the TG-43-based dose distributions for a standard treatment plan with respect to the MC dose distribution calculated taking into account the composition and shape of the applicator and the surrounding air are lower than 5%. Therefore, this study supports the validity of the TPS used in clinical practice. (C) 2012 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Valderrama, M., Crepon, B., Botella-Soler, V., Martinerie, J., Hasboun, D., Alvarado-Rojas, C., et al. (2012). Human Gamma Oscillations during Slow Wave Sleep. PLoS One, 7(4), e33477–14pp.
Abstract: Neocortical local field potentials have shown that gamma oscillations occur spontaneously during slow-wave sleep (SWS). At the macroscopic EEG level in the human brain, no evidences were reported so far. In this study, by using simultaneous scalp and intracranial EEG recordings in 20 epileptic subjects, we examined gamma oscillations in cerebral cortex during SWS. We report that gamma oscillations in low (30-50 Hz) and high (60-120 Hz) frequency bands recurrently emerged in all investigated regions and their amplitudes coincided with specific phases of the cortical slow wave. In most of the cases, multiple oscillatory bursts in different frequency bands from 30 to 120 Hz were correlated with positive peaks of scalp slow waves (“IN-phase'' pattern), confirming previous animal findings. In addition, we report another gamma pattern that appears preferentially during the negative phase of the slow wave (”ANTI-phase'' pattern). This new pattern presented dominant peaks in the high gamma range and was preferentially expressed in the temporal cortex. Finally, we found that the spatial coherence between cortical sites exhibiting gamma activities was local and fell off quickly when computed between distant sites. Overall, these results provide the first human evidences that gamma oscillations can be observed in macroscopic EEG recordings during sleep. They support the concept that these high-frequency activities might be associated with phasic increases of neural activity during slow oscillations. Such patterned activity in the sleeping brain could play a role in off-line processing of cortical networks.
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T2K Collaboration(Abe, K. et al), Cervera-Villanueva, A., Escudero, L., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Hansen, C., Monfregola, L., et al. (2012). First muon-neutrino disappearance study with an off-axis beam. Phys. Rev. D, 85(3), 031103–8pp.
Abstract: We report a measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in the T2K experiment. The 295-km muon-neutrino beam from Tokai to Kamioka is the first implementation of the off-axis technique in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. With data corresponding to 1.43 x 10(20) protons on target, we observe 31 fully-contained single mu-like ring events in Super-Kamiokande, compared with an expectation of 104 +/- 14 (syst) events without neutrino oscillations. The best-fit point for two-flavor nu(mu) -> nu(tau) oscillations is sin(2)(2 theta(23)) = 0.98 and vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar = 2.65 x 10(-3) eV(2). The boundary of the 90% confidence region includes the points sin(2)(2 theta(23)), vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar = (1.0, 3.1 x 10(-3) eV(2)), (0.84, 2.65 x 10(-3) eV(2)) and (1.0, 2.2 x 10(-3) eV(2)).
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T2K Collaboration(Abe, K. et al), Cervera-Villanueva, A., Escudero, L., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Hansen, C., Monfregola, L., et al. (2012). Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 694, 211–223.
Abstract: Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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