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Guerrero, M., Mora-Perez, G., Olmo, G. J., Orazi, E., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2021). Charged BTZ-type solutions in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 11(11), 025–23pp.
Abstract: We construct an axially symmetric solution of Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity coupled to an electromagnetic field in 2 + 1 dimensions including a (negative) cosmological constant term. This is achieved by using a recently developed mapping procedure that allows to generate solutions in certain families of metric-affine gravity theories starting from a known seed solution of General Relativity, which in the present case corresponds to the electrically charged Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) solution. We discuss the main features of the new configurations, including the modifications to the ergospheres and horizons, the emergence of wormhole structures, and the consequences for the regularity (or not) of these space-times via geodesic completeness.
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Guerrero, M., Mora-Perez, G., Olmo, G. J., Orazi, E., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2020). Rotating black holes in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity: an exact solution. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 07(7), 058–31pp.
Abstract: We find an exact, rotating charged black hole solution within Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity. To this end we employ a recently developed correspondence or mapping between modified gravity models built as scalars out of contractions of the metric with the Ricci tensor, and formulated in metric-affine spaces (Ricci-Based Gravity theories) and General Relativity. This way, starting from the Kerr-Newman solution, we show that this mapping bring us the axisymmetric solutions of Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity coupled to a certain model of non-linear electrodynamics. We discuss the most relevant physical features of the solutions obtained this way, both in the spherically symmetric limit and in the fully rotating regime. Moreover, we further elaborate on the potential impact of this important technical progress for bringing closer the predictions of modified gravity with the astrophysical observations of compact objects and gravitational wave astronomy.
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Guerrero, M., Olmo, G. J., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2023). Geodesic completeness of effective null geodesics in regular space-times with non-linear electrodynamics. Eur. Phys. J. C, 83(9), 785–8pp.
Abstract: We study the completeness of light trajectories in certain spherically symmetric regular geometries found in Palatini theories of gravity threaded by non-linear (electromagnetic) fields, which makes their propagation to happen along geodesics of an effective metric. Two types of geodesic restoration mechanisms are employed: by pushing the focal point to infinite affine distance, thus unreachable in finite time by any sets of geodesics, or by the presence of a defocusing surface associated to the development of a wormhole throat. We discuss several examples of such geometries to conclude the completeness of all such effective paths. Our results are of interest both for the finding of singularity-free solutions and for the analysis of their optical appearances e.g. in shadow observations.
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Guerrero, M., Olmo, G. J., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2021). Double shadows of reflection-asymmetric wormholes supported by positive energy thin-shells. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 04(4), 066–26pp.
Abstract: We consider reflection-asymmetric thin-shell wormholes within Palatini f(R) gravity using a matching procedure of two patches of electrovacuum space-times at a hypersurface (the shell) via suitable junction conditions. The conditions for having (linearly) stable wormholes supported by positive-energy matter sources are determined. We also identify some subsets of parameters able to locate the shell radius above the event horizon (when present) but below the photon sphere (on both sides). We illustrate with an specific example that such two photon spheres allow an observer on one of the sides of the wormhole to see another (circular) shadow in addition to the one generated by its own photon sphere, which is due to the photons passing above the maximum of the effective potential on its side and bouncing back across the throat due to a higher effective potential on the other side. We finally comment on the capability of these double shadows to seek for traces of new gravitational physics beyond that described by General Relativity.
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Guerrero, M., Olmo, G. J., Rubiera-Garcia, D., & Saez-Chillon Gomez, D. (2022). Light ring images of double photon spheres in black hole and wormhole spacetimes. Phys. Rev. D, 105(8), 084057–16pp.
Abstract: The silhouette of a black hole having a critical curve (an unstable bound photon orbit) when illuminated by an optically thin accretion disk whose emission is confined to the equatorial plane shows a distinctive central brightness depression (the shadow) whose outer edge consists of a series of strongly lensed, selfsimilar rings superimposed with the disk???s direct emission. While the size and shape of the critical curve depend only on the background geometry, the pattern of bright and dark regions (including the size and depth of the shadow itself) in the image is strongly influenced by the (astro)physics of the accretion disk. This aspect makes it difficult to extract clean and clear observational discriminators between the Kerr black hole and other compact objects. In the presence of a second critical curve, however, observational differences become apparent. In this work we shall consider some spherically symmetric black hole and wormhole geometries characterized by the presence of a second critical curve, via a uniparametric family of extensions of the Schwarzschild metric. By assuming three toy models of geometrically thin accretion disks, we show the presence of additional light rings in the intermediate region between the two critical curves. The observation of such rings could represent a compelling evidence for the existence of black hole mimickers having multiple critical curves.
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Guerrero, M., Olmo, G. J., Rubiera-Garcia, D., & Saez-Chillon Gomez, D. (2022). Multiring images of thin accretion disk of a regular naked compact object. Phys. Rev. D, 106(4), 044070–13pp.
Abstract: We discuss the importance of multiring images in the optical appearance of a horizonless spherically symmetric compact object, when illuminated by an optically thin accretion disk. Such an object corresponds to a subcase of an analytically tractable extension of the Kerr solution dubbed as the “eye of the storm” by Simpson and Visser in [J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 03 (2022) 011], which merits in removing curvature singularities via an asymptotically Minkowski core, while harboring both a critical curve and an infinite potential barrier at the center for null geodesics. This multiring structure is induced by light rays winding several times around the object, and whose luminosity is significantly boosted as compared to the Schwarzschild solution by the modified shape of the potential. Using three toy profiles for the emission of an infinitely thin disk, truncated at its inner edge (taking its maximum value there) and having different decays with the distance, we discuss the image created by up to eight rings superimposed on top of the direct emission of the disk as its edge is moved closer to the center of the object. Our results point to the existence of multiring images with a non-negligible luminosity in shadow observations when one allows for the existence of other compact objects in the cosmic zoo beyond the Schwarzschild solution. Such multiring images could be detectable within the future projects on very long baseline interferometry.
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Guerrero, M., Olmo, G. J., Rubiera-Garcia, D., & Saez-Chillon Gomez, D. (2021). Shadows and optical appearance of black bounces illuminated by a thin accretion disk. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 08(8), 036–19pp.
Abstract: We study the light rings and shadows of an uniparametric family of spherically symmetric geometries interpolating between the Schwarzschild solution, a regular black hole, and a traversable wormhole, and dubbed as black bounces, all of them sharing the same critical impact parameter. We consider the ray-tracing method in order to study the impact parameter regions corresponding to the direct, lensed, and photon ring emissions, finding a broadening of all these regions for black bounce solutions as compared to the Schwarzschild one. Using this, we determine the optical appearance of black bounces when illuminated by three standard toy models of optically and geometrically thin accretion disks viewed in face-on orientation.
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