| Records |
| Author |
Otten, S.; Caron, S.; de Swart, W.; van Beekveld, M.; Hendriks, L.; van Leeuwen, C.; Podareanu, D.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Verheyen, R. |
Title  |
Event generation and statistical sampling for physics with deep generative models and a density information buffer |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
2985 - 16pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Simulating nature and in particular processes in particle physics require expensive computations and sometimes would take much longer than scientists can afford. Here, we explore ways to a solution for this problem by investigating recent advances in generative modeling and present a study for the generation of events from a physical process with deep generative models. The simulation of physical processes requires not only the production of physical events, but to also ensure that these events occur with the correct frequencies. We investigate the feasibility of learning the event generation and the frequency of occurrence with several generative machine learning models to produce events like Monte Carlo generators. We study three processes: a simple two-body decay, the processes e(+)e(-)-> Z -> l(+)l(-) and pp -> tt<mml:mo><overbar></mml:mover> including the decay of the top quarks and a simulation of the detector response. By buffering density information of encoded Monte Carlo events given the encoder of a Variational Autoencoder we are able to construct a prior for the sampling of new events from the decoder that yields distributions that are in very good agreement with real Monte Carlo events and are generated several orders of magnitude faster. Applications of this work include generic density estimation and sampling, targeted event generation via a principal component analysis of encoded ground truth data, anomaly detection and more efficient importance sampling, e.g., for the phase space integration of matrix elements in quantum field theories. Here, the authors report buffered-density variational autoencoders for the generation of physical events. This method is computationally less expensive over other traditional methods and beyond accelerating the data generation process, it can help to steer the generation and to detect anomalies. |
| Address |
[Otten, Sydney; Caron, Sascha; de Swart, Wieske; van Beekveld, Melissa; Hendriks, Luc; Verheyen, Rob] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Math Astro & Particle Phys IMAPP, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Email: Sydney.Otten@ru.nl |
| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Nature Research |
Place of Publication |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2041-1723 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:000658761600003 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4862 |
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| Author |
NEXT Collaboration (Byrnes, N.K. et al); Ayet, S.; Carcel, S.; Kellerer, F.; Lopez-March, N.; Mano, R.D.P.; Martin-Albo, J.; Novella, P.; Querol, M.; Romo-Luque, C.; Sorel, M.; Soto-Oton, J.; Uson, A. |
| Title |
Fluorescence imaging of individual ions and molecules in pressurized noble gases for barium tagging in 136Xe |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
10595 - 13pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The imaging of individual Ba2+ ions in high pressure xenon gas is one possible way to attain background-free sensitivity to neutrinoless double beta decay and hence establish the Majorana nature of the neutrino. In this paper we demonstrate selective single Ba2+ ion imaging inside a high-pressure xenon gas environment. Ba2+ ions chelated with molecular chemosensors are resolved at the gas-solid interface using a diffraction-limited imaging system with scan area of 1 x 1 cm2 located inside 10 bar of xenon gas. This form of microscopy represents key ingredient in the development of barium tagging for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in 136Xe. This also provides a new tool for studying the photophysics of fluorescent molecules and chemosensors at the solid-gas interface to enable bottom-up design of catalysts and sensors. |
| Address |
[Byrnes, N. K.; Dey, E.; Jones, B. J. P.; McDonald, A. D.; Norman, L. R.; Navarro, K. E.; Nygren, D. R.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Arlington, TX 76019 USA, Email: ben.jones@uta.edu |
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| Publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:001370453300004 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
6461 |
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| Author |
ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Amoros, G.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M.J.; Escobar, C.; Ferrer, A.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hernandez Jimenez, Y.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Irles Quiles, A.; Kaci, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lacuesta, V.R.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Miñano, M.; Mitsou, V.A.; Moles-Valls, R.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Oliver Garcia, E.; Perez Garcia-Estañ, M.T.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Solans, C.A.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valladolid Gallego, E.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vos, M.; Wildauer, A. |
| Title |
Measurement of the inelastic proton-proton cross-section at sqrt(s)=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
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Pages |
463 - 14pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The dependence of the rate of proton-proton interactions on the centre-of-mass collision energy, root s, is of fundamental importance for both hadron collider physics and particle astrophysics. The dependence cannot yet be calculated from first principles; therefore, experimental measurements are needed. Here we present the first measurement of the inelastic proton-proton interaction cross-section at a centre-of-mass energy, root s, of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected by requiring hits on scintillation counters mounted in the forward region of the detector. An inelastic crosssection of 60.3 +/- 2.1 mb is measured for xi > 5x10(-6), where xi is calculated from the invariant mass, M(X), of hadrons selected using the largest rapidity gap in the event. For diffractive events, this corresponds to requiring at least one of the dissociation masses to be larger than 15.7 GeV. |
| Address |
[Bechtle, P; Kuutmann, EB; Boehler, M; Ehrenfeld, W; Ferrara, V; Fischer, G; Glazov, A; Goebel, M; Fajardo, LSG; Da Costa, JGPF; Gosdzik, B; Gregor, IM; Hiller, KH; Hristova, I; Husemann, U; Belenguer, MJ; Johnert, S; Karnevskiy, M; Katzy, J; Kono, T; Lankford, AJ; Lobodzinska, E; Ludwig, D; Mattig, S; Medinnis, M; Mijovic, L; Monig, K; Naumann, T; Nozicka, M; Cavalcanti, TP; Petschull, D; Piec, SM; Placakyte, R; Qin, Z; Rubinskiy, I; Stelzer, HJ; Tackmann, K; Terwort, M; Vankov, P; Viti, M; Wildt, MA; Zhu, H] DESY, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany, Email: atlas.publications@cern.ch |
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| Publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2041-1723 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:000294807200005 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
758 |
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| Author |
Fougeres, C. et al; Domingo-Pardo, C. |
| Title |
Search for Na-22 in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
4536 - 7pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of Al-26 and Na-22. While ? rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, Na-22 remains untraceable. Its half-life (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV ?-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of its nucleosynthesis. The Na-22(p, ?)Mg-23 reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of Na-22 ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in Mg-23. Here, we propose a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this method to the study of the Mg-23 states, places strong limits on the amount of Na-22 produced in novae and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories. The authors report a particle-particle correlation and velocity-difference profile method to measure nuclear lifetime. The results obtained for excited states of 23Mg are used to constrain the production of 22Na in the astrophysical novae explosions. |
| Address |
[Fougeres, Chloe; Santos, Francois de Oliveira; Michelagnoli, Caterina; Clement, Emmanuel; Kim, Yung Hee; Lemasson, Antoine; Boulay, Florent; Goupil, Johan; Li, Hongjie; Navin, Alahari; Ralet, Damien; Saillant, Frederic] Grand Accelerateur Natl Ions Lourds GANIL, CEA, IN2P3, DRF CNRS, Caen, France, Email: chloe.fougeres@gmail.com; |
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Nature Portfolio |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:001063751200012 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5671 |
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| Author |
Millan-Callado, M.A. et al; Benlliure, J. |
| Title |
Single-event fast neutron time-of-flight spectrometry with a petawatt-laser-driven neutron source |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2026 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3154 - 12pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Laser-driven neutron sources (LDNSs) offer unique advantages for fundamental physics and applications: ultrashort pulses providing superior energy resolution, high instantaneous flux, and a reduced footprint. While single-event neutron spectroscopy has been demonstrated with epithermal neutrons, its application for fast neutrons is more challenging and remains unproven. This demands stable multi-shot operation and detectors resilient to this particularly extreme environment. Here, a proof-of-concept experiment at the DRACO PW laser is presented. This setup stably produced similar to 10(8) fast neutrons per shot sustained over more than 200 shots at a shot-per-minute rate. Neutron time-of-flight measurements with a diamond detector at only 150 cm from the source resolved individual neutron-induced reactions at a rate consistent with simulations informed by real-time diagnostics of accompanying gammas, ions, and electrons. Combined with the recent advances in the field, this work establishes LDNSs as a promising, scalable platform for future fast neutron-induced reaction studies, particularly those involving short-lived isotopes. |
| Address |
[Millan-Callado, M. A.; Fernandez, B.; Rodriguez-Gonzalez, T.; Guerrero, C.] CSIC, US Junta Andalucia, Ctr Nacl Aceleradores, Seville, Spain, Email: k.zeil@hzdr.de; |
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| Publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:001732289100005 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
7163 |
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| Author |
LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J. |
| Title |
Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark T-cc(+) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3351 - 19pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force, describes interactions of coloured quarks and gluons and the formation of hadronic matter. Conventional hadronic matter consists of baryons and mesons made of three quarks and quark-antiquark pairs, respectively. Particles with an alternative quark content are known as exotic states. Here a study is reported of an exotic narrow state in the (DD0)-D-0 pi(+) mass spectrum just below the D*+D-0 mass threshold produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The state is consistent with the ground isoscalar T-cc(+), tetraquark with a quark content of cc (u) over bar(d) over bar and spin-parity quantum numbers J(P) =1(+). Study of the DD mass spectra disfavours interpretation of the resonance as the isovector state. The decay structure via intermediate off-shell D*(+) mesons is consistent with the observed D-0 pi(+) mass distribution. To analyse the mass of the resonance and its coupling to the DID system, a dedicated model is developed under the assumption of an isoscalar axial-vector T-cc(+), state decaying to the D*D channel. Using this model, resonance parameters including the pole position, scattering length, effective range and compositeness are determined to reveal important information about the nature of the T-cc(+), state. In addition, an unexpected dependence of the production rate on track multiplicity is observed. |
| Address |
[Aaij, R.; Butter, J. S.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Sole, S. Ferreres; Gabriel, E.; Geertsema, R. E.; Greeven, L. M.; Heijhoff, K.; Hulsbergen, W.; Hynds, D.; Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; Klaver, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Kostiuk, I; Kuindersma, H. S.; Martinez, M. Lucio; Lukashenko, V; Mauri, A.; Merk, M.; Pellegrino, A.; Raven, G.; Gras, C. Sanchez; Schubiger, M.; Soares, M. Senghi; Snoch, A.; Tuning, N.; Usachov, A.; van Beuzekom, M.; Veronesi, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Email: Ivan.Belyaev@cern.ch |
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Nature Portfolio |
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English |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:000812556800001 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5280 |
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| Author |
ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Aikot, A.; Amos, K.R.; Bouchhar, N.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Cantero, J.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Chitishvili, M.; Costa, M.J.; Curcio, F.; Didenko, M.; Escobar, C.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Hofer, J.; Jimenez Ortega, M.; Lacasta, C.; Lanzac Berrocal, M.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Martinez Agullo, P.; Melini, D.; Mitsou, V.A.; Monsonis Romero, L.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Munoz Perez, D.; Navarro-Gonzalez J.; Poveda, J.; Rubio Jimenez, A.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Saibel, A.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Sebastian, V.; Senthilkumar, V.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valiente Moreno, E.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Varriale, L.; Villaplana Perez, M.; Vincent, M.; Vos, M.; Wandall-Christensen, K.; Zakareishvili, T. |
| Title |
Transforming jet flavour tagging at ATLAS |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2026 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
541 - 22pp |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Jet flavour tagging enables the identification of jets originating from heavy-flavour quarks in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, playing a critical role in its physics programmes. This paper presents GN2, a transformer-based flavour tagging algorithm deployed by the ATLAS Collaboration that represents a different methodology compared to previous approaches. Designed to classify jets based on the flavour of their constituent particles, GN2 processes low-level tracking information in an end-to-end architecture and incorporates physics-informed auxiliary training objectives to enhance both interpretability and performance. Its performance is validated in both simulation and collision data. The measured c-jet (light-jet) rejection in data is improved by a factor of 3.5 (1.8) for a 70% b-jet tagging efficiency, compared to the previous algorithm. GN2 provides substantial benefits for physics analyses involving heavy-flavour jets, such as measurements of Higgs boson pair production and the couplings of bottom and charm quarks to the Higgs boson, and demonstrates the impact of advanced machine learning methods in experimental particle physics. |
| Address |
[Aad, G.; Barbero, M.; Bertrand, R.; Coadou, Y.; Djama, F.; Duperrin, A.; Feligioni, L.; Fernoux, M. J., V; Fujimoto, M.; Hallewell, G. D.; Tsava, C. Mavungu; Monnier, E.; Muanza, S.; Nagy, E.; Petit, E.; Rozanov, A.; Splendori, L.; Strebler, T.; Talby, M.; Theveneaux-Pelzer, T.; Tolkachev, G.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, Marseille, France |
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Nature Portfolio |
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English |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
WOS:001679522500001 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
7094 |
| Permanent link to this record |
