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	Author	Agullo, I.; del Rio, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	Classical and quantum aspects of electric-magnetic duality rotations in curved spacetimes			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Physical Review D	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. D
	Volume	98	Issue	12	Pages	125001 - 22pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	It is well known that the source-free Maxwell equations are invariant under electric-magnetic duality rotations, F -> F cos theta +*F sin theta. These transformations are indeed a symmetry of the theory in the Noether sense. The associated constant of motion is the difference in the intensity between self-dual and anti-self-dual components of the electromagnetic field or, equivalently, the difference between the right and left circularly polarized components. This conservation law holds even if the electromagnetic field interacts with an arbitrary classical gravitational background. After reexamining these results, we discuss whether this symmetry is maintained when the electromagnetic field is quantized. The answer is in the affirmative in the absence of gravity but not necessarily otherwise. As a consequence, the net polarization of the quantum electromagnetic field fails to be conserved in curved spacetimes. This is a quantum effect, and it can be understood as the generalization of the fermion chiral anomaly to fields of spin one.
	Address	[Agullo, Ivan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA, Email: agullo@lsu.edu;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2470-0010	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000451998400004			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	3824
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	Author	Agullo, I.; del Rio, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	On the Electric-Magnetic Duality Symmetry: Quantum Anomaly, Optical Helicity, and Particle Creation			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Symmetry-Basel	Abbreviated Journal	Symmetry-Basel
	Volume	10	Issue	12	Pages	763 - 14pp
	Keywords	electric-magnetic duality symmetry; quantum anomalies; optical helicity; electromagnetic polarization; particle creation
	Abstract	It is well known that not every symmetry of a classical field theory is also a symmetry of its quantum version. When this occurs, we speak of quantum anomalies. The existence of anomalies imply that some classical Noether charges are no longer conserved in the quantum theory. In this paper, we discuss a new example for quantum electromagnetic fields propagating in the presence of gravity. We argue that the symmetry under electric-magnetic duality rotations of the source-free Maxwell action is anomalous in curved spacetimes. The classical Noether charge associated with these transformations accounts for the net circular polarization or the optical helicity of the electromagnetic field. Therefore, our results describe the way the spacetime curvature changes the helicity of photons and opens the possibility of extracting information from strong gravitational fields through the observation of the polarization of photons. We also argue that the physical consequences of this anomaly can be understood in terms of the asymmetric quantum creation of photons by the gravitational field.
	Address	[Agullo, Ivan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA, Email: agullo@lsu.edu;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Mdpi	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2073-8994	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000454725100101			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	3867
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	Author	Agullo, I.; del Rio, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	Gravity and handedness of photons			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2017	Publication	International Journal of Modern Physics D	Abbreviated Journal	Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
	Volume	26	Issue	12	Pages	1742001 - 5pp
	Keywords	Quantum fields in curved spacetime; symmetry and conservation laws; electromagnetic wave propagation; anomalies
	Abstract	Vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields are altered in the presence of a strong gravitational background, with important physical consequences. We argue that a nontrivial spacetime geometry can act as an optically active medium for quantum electromagnetic radiation, in such a way that the state of polarization of radiation changes in time, even in the absence of electromagnetic sources. This is a quantum effect, and is a consequence of an anomaly related to the classical invariance under electric-magnetic duality rotations in Maxwell theory.
	Address	[Agullo, Ivan] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA, Email: agullo@lsu.edu;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0218-2718	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000414411900003			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	3355
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	Author	Agullo, I.; del Rio, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	Electromagnetic Duality Anomaly in Curved Spacetimes			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Physical Review Letters	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. Lett.
	Volume	118	Issue	11	Pages	111301 - 5pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	The source-free Maxwell action is invariant under electric-magnetic duality rotations in arbitrary spacetimes. This leads to a conserved classical Noether charge. We show that this conservation law is broken at the quantum level in the presence of a background classical gravitational field with a nontrivial Chern-Pontryagin invariant, in parallel with the chiral anomaly for massless Dirac fermions. Among the physical consequences, the net polarization of the quantum electromagnetic field is not conserved.
	Address	[Agullo, Ivan; del Rio, Adrian] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA, Email: agullo@lsu.edu;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0031-9007	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000396267100003			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	2964
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	Author	Beltran-Palau, P.; del Rio, A.; Nadal-Gisbert, S.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	Note on the pragmatic mode-sum regularization method: Translational-splitting in a cosmological background			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	Physical Review D	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. D
	Volume	103	Issue	10	Pages	105002 - 9pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	The point-splitting renormalization method offers a prescription to calculate finite expectation values of quadratic operators constructed from quantum fields in a general curved spacetime. It has been recently shown by Levi and Ori that when the background metric possesses an isometry, like stationary or spherically symmetric black holes, the method can be upgraded into a pragmatic procedure of renormalization that produces efficient numerical calculations. In this paper we show that when the background enjoys three-dimensional spatial symmetries, like homogeneous expanding universes, the above pragmatic regularization technique reduces to the well-established adiabatic regularization method.
	Address	[Beltran-Palau, Pau; Nadal-Gisbert, Sergi; Navarro-Salas, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Ctr Mixto, CSIC,Fac Fis, Valencia 46100, Spain, Email: pau.beltran@uv.es;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2470-0010	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000655874400009			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	4845
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	Author	Beltran-Palau, P.; del Rio, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	Quantum corrections to the Schwarzschild metric from vacuum polarization			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2023	Publication	Physical Review D	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. D
	Volume	107	Issue	8	Pages	085023 - 15pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	We explore static and spherically symmetric solutions of the 4-dimensional semiclassical Einstein's equations using the quantum vacuum polarization of a conformal field as a source. These solutions may be of interest for the study of exotic compact objects (ECOs). The full backreaction problem is addressed by solving the semiclassical Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations making use of effective equations of state inspired by the trace anomaly and an extra simplifying and reasonable assumption. We combine analytical and numerical techniques to solve the resulting differential equations, both perturbatively and nonperturbatively in h. In all cases the solution is similar to the Schwarzschild metric up p ffiffito the vicinity of the classical horizon r = 2M. However, at r = 2M + epsilon, with epsilon similar to O(root h), we find a coordinate singularity. In the case of matching with a static star, this leads to an upper bound in the compactness, and sets a constraint on the family of stable ECOs. We also study the corrections that the quantum-vacuum polarization induces on the propagation of waves, and discuss the implications. For the pure vacuum case, we can further extend the solution by using appropriate coordinates until we reach another singular point, where this time a null curvature singularity arises and prevents extending beyond. This picture qualitatively agrees with the results obtained in the effective two-dimensional approach, and reinforces the latter as a reasonable method.
	Address	[Beltran-Palau, Pau; Navarro-Salas, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain, Email: pau.beltran@uv.es;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2470-0010	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000988649200017			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	5543
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	Author	del Rio, A.; Agullo, I.
	Title	Chiral fermion anomaly as a memory effect			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2023	Publication	Physical Review D	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. D
	Volume	108	Issue	10	Pages	105025 - 22pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	We study the nonconservation of the chiral charge of Dirac fields between past and future null infinity due to the Adler-Bell-Jackiw chiral anomaly. In previous investigations [A. del Rio, Phys. Rev. D 104, 065012 (2021)], we found that this charge fails to be conserved if electromagnetic sources in the bulk emit circularly polarized radiation. In this article, we unravel yet another contribution coming from the nonzero, infrared “soft” charges of the external, electromagnetic field. This new contribution can be interpreted as another manifestation of the ordinary memory effect produced by transitions between different infrared sectors of Maxwell theory, but now on test quantum fields rather than on test classical particles. In other words, a flux of electromagnetic waves can leave a memory on quantum fermion states in the form of a permanent, net helicity. We elaborate this idea in both 1 + 1 and 3 + 1 dimensions. We also show that, in sharp contrast, gravitational infrared charges do not contribute to the fermion chiral anomaly.
	Address	[del Rio, Adrian] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, CSIC, Dr Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain, Email: adrian.rio@uv.es;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2470-0010	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:001121689000004			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	5864
Permanent link to this record



	Author	del Rio, A.; Durrer, R.; Patil, S.P.
	Title	Tensor bounds on the hidden universe			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2018	Publication	Journal of High Energy Physics	Abbreviated Journal	J. High Energy Phys.
	Volume	12	Issue	12	Pages	094 - 34pp
	Keywords	Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM; Renormalization Regularization and Renormalons
	Abstract	During single clock inflation, hidden fields (i.e. fields coupled to the inflaton only gravitationally) in their adiabatic vacua can ordinarily only affect observables through virtual effects. After renormalizing background quantities (fixed by observations at some pivot scale), all that remains are logarithmic runnings in correlation functions that are both Planck and slow roll suppressed. In this paper we show how a large number of hidden fields can partially compensate this suppression and generate a potentially observable running in the tensor two point function, consistently inferable courtesy of a large N resummation. We detour to address certain subtleties regarding loop corrections during inflation, extending the analysis of [1]. Our main result is that one can extract bounds on the hidden field content of the universe from bounds on violations of the consistency relation between the tensor spectral index and the tensor to scalar ratio, were primordial tensors ever detected. Such bounds are more competitive than the naive bound inferred from requiring inflation to occur below the strong coupling scale of gravity if deviations from the consistency relation can be bounded to within the sub-percent level. We discuss how one can meaningfully constrain the parameter space of various phenomenological scenarios and constructions that address naturalness with a large number of species (such as N-naturalness') with CMB observations up to cosmic variance limits, and possibly future 21cm and gravitational wave observations.
	Address	[del Rio, Adrian] Univ Valencia, Fac Fis, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor IFIC,Ctr Mixto, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: adrian.rio@uv.es;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1029-8479	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000453779400002			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	yes
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	3852
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	Author	del Rio, A.; Ferreiro, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.; Torrenti, F.
	Title	Adiabatic regularization with a Yukawa interaction			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2017	Publication	Physical Review D	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. D
	Volume	95	Issue	10	Pages	105003 - 19pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	We extend the adiabatic regularization method for an expanding universe to include the Yukawa interaction between quantized Dirac fermions and a homogeneous background scalar field. We give explicit expressions for the renormalized expectation values of the stress-energy tensor < T-mu nu > and the bilinear <(psi) over bar psi > in a spatially flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime. These are basic ingredients in the semiclassical field equations of fermionic matter in curved spacetime interacting with a background scalar field. The ultraviolet subtracting terms of the adiabatic regularization can be naturally interpreted as coming from appropriate counterterms of the background fields. We fix the required covariant counterterms. To test our approach we determine the contribution of the Yukawa interaction to the conformal anomaly in the massless limit and show its consistency with the heat-kernel method using the effective action.
	Address	[del Rio, Adrian; Ferreiro, Antonio; Navarro-Salas, Jose] Univ Valencia, Fac Fis, Ctr Mixto Univ Valencia CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: adrian.rio@uv.es;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2470-0010	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000401447900006			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	no
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	3127
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	Author	del Rio, A.; Navarro-Salas, J.
	Title	Equivalence of adiabatic and DeWitt-Schwinger renormalization schemes			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Physical Review D	Abbreviated Journal	Phys. Rev. D
	Volume	91	Issue	6	Pages	064031 - 14pp
	Keywords
	Abstract	We prove that adiabatic regularization and DeWitt-Schwinger point-splitting provide the same result when renormalizing expectation values of the stress-energy tensor for spin-1/2 fields. This generalizes the equivalence found for scalar fields, which is here recovered in a different way. We also argue that the coincidence limit of the DeWitt-Schwinger proper time expansion of the two-point function agrees exactly with the analogous expansion defined by the adiabatic regularization method at any order (for both scalar and spin-1/2 fields). We also illustrate the power of the adiabatic method to compute higher order DeWitt coefficients in Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Universes.
	Address	[del Rio, Adrian; Navarro-Salas, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, IFIC, Ctr Mixto,CSIC,Fac Fis, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: adrian.rio@uv.es;
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Amer Physical Soc	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1550-7998	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	WOS:000350966000005			Approved	no
	Is ISI	yes	International Collaboration	no
	Call Number	IFIC @ pastor @			Serial	2150
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