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Author  |
Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F. |
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Title |
Colloquium: Time-reversal violation with quantum-entangled B mesons |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Reviews of Modern Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Rev. Mod. Phys. |
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Volume |
87 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
165-182 |
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Abstract |
Symmetry transformations have been proven a bedrock tool for understanding the nature of particle interactions, formulating, and testing fundamental theories. Based on the up to now unbroken CPT symmetry, the violation of the CP symmetry between matter and antimatter by weak interactions, discovered in the decay of kaons in 1964 and observed more recently in 2001 in B mesons, strongly suggests that the behavior of these particles under weak interactions must also be asymmetric under time reversal T. However, until recent years there has not been a direct detection of the expected time-reversal violation in the time evolution of any system. This Colloquium examines the field of time-reversal symmetry breaking in the fundamental laws of physics. For transitions, its observation requires an asymmetry with exchange of initial and final states. A discussion is given of the conceptual basis for such an exchange with unstable particles, using the quantum properties of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement available at B meson factories combined with the decay as a filtering measurement. The method allows a clear-cut separation of different transitions between flavor and CP eigenstates in the decay of neutral B mesons. These ideas have been implemented for the experiment by the BABAR Collaboration at SLAC's B factory. The results, presented in 2012, prove beyond any doubt the violation of time-reversal invariance in the time evolution between these two states of the neutral B meson. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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ISSN |
0034-6861 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000352076500001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2179 |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Villanueva-Perez, P. |
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Title |
Time reversal violation from the entangled B-0(B)over-bar(0) system |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
08 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
064 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
Discrete and Finite Symmetries; B-Physics; CP violation |
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Abstract |
We discuss the concepts and methodology to implement an experiment probing directly Time Reversal (T) non-invariance, without any experimental connection to CP violation, by the exchange of in and out states. The idea relies on the B-0(B) over bar (0)) entanglement and decay time information available at B factories. The flavor or CP tag of the state of the still living neutral meson by the first decay of its orthogonal partner overcomes the problem of irreversibility for unstable systems, which prevents direct tests of T with incoherent particle states. T violation in the time evolution between the two decays means experimentally a difference between the rates for the time-ordered (l+X, J/psi K-s) and (J/psi K-L, l(-)X) decays, and three other independent asymmetries. The proposed strategy has been applied to simulated data samples of similar size and features to those currently available, from which we estimate the significance of the expected discovery to reach many standard deviations. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, J.] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es; |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1126-6708 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000309883600021 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1215 |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J.; Mavromatos, N.E.; Villanueva-Perez, P. |
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Title |
Consistent probabilistic description of the neutral Kaon system |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Physics Letters B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Lett. B |
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Volume |
724 |
Issue |
4-5 |
Pages |
269-273 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The neutral Kaon system has both CF violation in the mass matrix and a non-vanishing lifetime difference in the width matrix. This leads to an effective Hamiltonian which is not a normal operator, with incompatible (non-commuting) masses and widths. In the Weisskopf-Wigner Approach (WWA), by diagonalizing the entire Hamiltonian, the unphysical non-orthogonal “stationary” states K-L,K-S are obtained. These states have complex eigenvalues whose real (imaginary) part does not coincide with the eigenvalues of the mass (width). matrix. In this work we describe the system as an open Lindblad-type quantum mechanical system due to Kaon decays. This approach, in terms of density matrices for initial and final states, provides a consistent probabilistic description, avoiding the standard problems because the width matrix becomes a composite operator not included in the Hamiltonian. We consider the dominant decay channel to two pions, so that one of the Kaon states with definite lifetime becomes stable. This new approach provides results for the time dependent decay rates in agreement with those of the WWA. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, J.; Villanueva-Perez, P.] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: pablo.villanueva@uv.es |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0370-2693 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000322358500011 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1526 |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J.; Navarro-Salas, J. |
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Title |
A Non-Local Action for Electrodynamics: Duality Symmetry and the Aharonov-Bohm Effect, Revisited |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Symmetry-Basel |
Abbreviated Journal |
Symmetry-Basel |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1191 - 13pp |
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Keywords |
non-local action; electrodynamics; electromagnetic duality symmetry; Aharonov-Bohm effect |
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Abstract |
A non-local action functional for electrodynamics depending on the electric and magnetic fields, instead of potentials, has been proposed in the literature. In this work we elaborate and improve this proposal. We also use this formalism to confront the electric-magnetic duality symmetry of the electromagnetic field and the Aharonov-Bohm effect, two subtle aspects of electrodynamics that we examine in a novel way. We show how the former can be derived from the simple harmonic oscillator character of vacuum electrodynamics, while also demonstrating how the magnetic version of the latter naturally arises in an explicitly non-local manner. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, Joan] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Phys Dept, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany, Email: Joan.Bernabeu@physik.uni-muenchen.de; |
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Publisher |
Mdpi |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Notes |
WOS:000495457600005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4192 |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J.; Sabulsky, D.O.; Sanchez, F.; Segarra, A. |
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Title |
Neutrino mass and nature through its mediation in atomic clock interference |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
AVS Quantum Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
AVS Quantum Sci. |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
014410 - 8pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The absolute mass of neutrinos and their nature are presently unknown. Aggregate matter has a coherent weak charge leading to a repulsive interaction mediated by a neutrino pair. The virtual neutrinos are non-relativistic at micron distances, giving a distinct behavior for Dirac versus Majorana mass terms. This effective potential allows for the disentanglement of the Dirac or Majorana nature of the neutrino via magnitude and distance dependence. We propose an experiment to search for this potential based on the concept that the density-dependent interaction of an atomic probe with a material source in one arm of an atomic clock interferometer generates a differential phase. The appropriate geometry of the device is selected using the saturation of the weak potential as a guide. The proposed experiment has the added benefit of being sensitive to gravity at micron distances. A strategy to suppress the competing Casimir-Polder interaction, depending on the electronic structure of the material source, as well as a way to compensate the gravitational interaction in the two arms of the interferometer is discussed. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, Jose; Segarra, Alejandro] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: jose.bernabeu@uv.es |
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Publisher |
AIP Publishing |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Notes |
WOS:001186930100001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
6118 |
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