Yang, W. Q., Pan, S., Mena, O., & Di Valentino, E. (2023). On the dynamics of a dark sector coupling. J. High Energy Astrophys., 40, 19–40.
Abstract: Interacting dark energy models may play a crucial role in explaining several important observational issues in modern cosmology and also may provide a solution to current cosmological tensions. Since the phenomenology of the dark sector could be extremely rich, one should not restrict the interacting models to have a coupling parameter which is constant in cosmic time, rather allow for its dynamical behaviour, as it is common practice in the literature when dealing with other dark energy properties, as the dark energy equation of state. We present here a compendium of the current cosmological constraints on a large variety of interacting models, investigating scenarios where the coupling parameter of the interaction function and the dark energy equation of state can be either constant or dynamical. For the most general schemes, in which both the coupling parameter of the interaction function and the dark energy equation of state are dynamical, we find 95% CL evidence for a dark energy component at early times and slightly milder evidence for a dynamical dark coupling for the most complete observational data set exploited here, which includes CMB, BAO and Supernova Ia measurements. Interestingly, there are some cases where a dark energy component different from the cosmological constant case at early times together with a coupling different from zero today, can alleviate both the H-0 and S-8 tension for the full dataset combination considered here. Due to the energy exchange among the dark sectors, the current values of the matter energy density and of the clustering parameter sigma(8) are shifted from their ACDM-like values. This fact makes future surveys, especially those focused on weak lensing measurements, unique tools to test the nature and the couplings of the dark energy sector. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons .org /licenses /by /4 .0/).
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Garcia Canal, C. A., Tarutina, T., & Vento, V. (2023). Analysis of Nuclear Effects in Structure Functions and Their Connection with the Binding Energy of Nuclei. Braz. J. Phys., 53(6), 161–8pp.
Abstract: We describe nuclear effects in structure functions of nuclei in DIS by means of a multiplicative factor beta(A)(x) which differentiates the structure function of the bound nucleons from that of the free nucleons. Our analysis determines that beta(A)(x) establishes a relation between the quark-gluon dynamics expressed by the bound nucleon structure functions and the nuclear dynamics as described by the well-known semi-empirical Bethe-Weizsacker mass formula. This relation corroborates a connection between the underlying quark-gluon dynamics and the phenomenological nuclear dynamics.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aad, G. et al), Amos, K. R., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Bouchhar, N., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2023). Search for an axion-like particle with forward proton scattering in association with photon pairs at ATLAS. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 234–38pp.
Abstract: A search for forward proton scattering in association with light-by-light scattering mediated by an axion-like particle is presented, using the ATLAS Forward Proton spectrometer to detect scattered protons and the central ATLAS detector to detect pairs of outgoing photons. Proton-proton collision data recorded in 2017 at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13TeV were analysed, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 14.6 fb(-1). A total of 441 candidate events were selected. A search was made for a narrow resonance in the diphoton mass distribution, corresponding to an axion-like particle (ALP) with mass in the range 150-1600 GeV. No excess is observed above a smooth background. Upper limits on the production cross section of a narrow resonance are set as a function of the mass, and are interpreted as upper limits on the ALP production coupling constant, assuming 100% decay branching ratio into a photon pair. The inferred upper limit on the coupling constant is in the range 0.04-0.09TeV-1 at 95% confidence level.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jaimes Elles, S. J., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Rebollo De Miguel, M., et al. (2023). Associated production of prompt J/ψ and Υ mesons in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 08(8), 093–24pp.
Abstract: The associated production of prompt J/psi and Υ mesons in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13T eV is studied using LHCb data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4 fb(-1). The measurement is performed for J/psi (Υ) mesons with a transverse momentum pT < 10 (30) GeV/ c in the rapidity range 2.0 < y < 4.5. In this kinematic range, the cross-section of the associated production of prompt J/psi and Υ(1S) mesons is measured to be 133 +/- 22 +/- 7 +/- 3 pb, with a significance of 7.9 s, and that of prompt J/psi and Υ(2S) mesons to be 76 +/- 21 +/- 4 +/- 7 pb, with a significance of 4.9 sigma. The first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third due to uncertainties on the used branching fractions. This is the first observation of the associated production of J/psi and Υ(1S) in proton-proton collisions. Differential cross-sections are measured as functions of variables that are sensitive to kinematic correlations between the J/psi and Υ(1S) mesons. The effective cross-sections of the associated production of prompt J/psi and Υ mesons are obtained and found to be compatible with measurements using other particle productions.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jaimes Elles, S. J., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Rebollo De Miguel, M., et al. (2023). Λc+ polarimetry using the dominant hadronic mode. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 228–26pp.
Abstract: The polarimeter vector field for multibody decays of a spin-half baryon is introduced as a generalisation of the baryon asymmetry parameters. Using a recent amplitude analysis of the Lambda(+)(c) -> pK(-)pi(+) decay performed at the LHCb experiment, we compute the distribution of the kinematic-dependent polarimeter vector for this process in the space of Mandelstam variables to express the polarised decay rate in a model-agnostic form. The obtained representation can facilitate polarisation measurements of the Lambda(+)(c) baryon and eases inclusion of the Lambda(+)(c)-> pK(-)pi(+) decay mode in hadronic amplitude analyses.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aad, G. et al), Amos, K. R., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Bouchhar, N., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2023). Charged-hadron production in pp, p+Pb, Pb+Pb, and Xe+Xe collisions at √s_NN=5 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 074–58pp.
Abstract: This paper presents measurements of charged-hadron spectra obtained in pp, p+Pb, and Pb+Pb collisions at root s or root s(NN) = 5.02TeV, and in Xe+Xe collisions at root s(NN) = 5.44TeV. The data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC have total integrated luminosities of 25 pb(-1), 28 nb(-1), 0.50 nb(-1), and 3 μb(-1), respectively. The nuclear modification factors RpPb and R-AA are obtained by comparing the spectra in heavy-ion and pp collisions in a wide range of charged-particle transverse momenta and pseudorapidity. The nuclear modification factor RpPb shows a moderate enhancement above unity with a maximum at p(T) approximate to 3 GeV; the enhancement is stronger in the Pb-going direction. The nuclear modification factors in both Pb+Pb and Xe+Xe collisions feature a significant, centrality-dependent suppression. They show a similar distinct p(T)-dependence with a local maximum at p(T) approximate to 2 GeV and a local minimum at p(T) approximate to 7 GeV. This dependence is more distinguishable in more central collisions. No significant eta |-dependence is found. A comprehensive comparison with several theoretical predictions is also provided. They typically describe RAA better in central collisions and in the pT range from about 10 to 100 GeV.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jaimes Elles, S. J., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Rebollo De Miguel, M., et al. (2023). Measurement of Υ production in pp collisions at √s=5 TeV. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 069–33pp.
Abstract: The production cross-sections of Υ mesons, namely Υ(1S), Υ(2S) and Υ(3S), in pp collisions at root s = 5TeV are measured with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.13 +/- 0.18 pb(-1) collected by the LHCb detector. The Υ mesons are reconstructed in the decay mode Υ -> mu(+)mu(-). Double differential cross-sections times branching fractions, as functions of the transverse momentum p(T) and the rapidity y of the Υ mesons, are measured in the range pT < 20 GeV/ c and 2.0 < y < 4.5. The results integrated over these pT and y ranges are sigma((sic)(1S)) x B((sic)(1S) -> mu(+) mu(-)) = 2101 +/- 33 +/- 83 pb, sigma((sic)(2S)) x B((sic)(2S) -> mu(+) mu(-)) = 526 +/- 20 +/- 21 pb, sigma((sic)(3S)) x B((sic)(3S) -> mu(+) mu(-)) = 242 +/- 16 +/- 10 pb, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The ratios of cross-sections between measurements of two different (sic) states and between measurements at different centre-of-mass energies are determined. The nuclear modification factor of (sic)(1S) at root s = 5TeV is updated as well using the directly measured cross-section results from this analysis.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jaimes Elles, S. J., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Rebollo De Miguel, M., et al. (2023). First observation and branching fraction measurement of the Λb0 → Ds- p decay. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 075–23pp.
Abstract: The first observation of the Lambda(0)(b) -> D-s(-) p decay is presented using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of root s = 13TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 6 fb(-1). Using the Lambda(0)(b) -> Lambda(+pi-)(c) decay as the normalisation mode, the branching fraction of the Lambda(0)(b) -> D-s(-) p decay is measured to be B (Lambda(0)(b) -> D-s(-) p) = (12.6 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.3 +/- 1.2) x 10(-6), where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third due to uncertainties in the branching fractions of the Lambda(0)(b) -> Lambda(+pi-)(c), D-s(-) -> K-K+pi(-) and Lambda(+)(c) -> pK(-)pi(+) decays.
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Vidaña, I., Feijoo, A., Albaladejo, M., Nieves, J., & Oset, E. (2023). Femtoscopic correlation function for the Tcc(3875)+ state. Phys. Lett. B, 846, 138201–9pp.
Abstract: We have conducted a study of the femtoscopic correlation functions for the D0D*+ and D+D*0 channels that build the Tcc state. We develop a formalism that allows us to factorize the scattering amplitudes outside the integrals in the formulas, and the integrals involve the range of the strong interaction explicitly. For a source of size of 1 fm, we find values for the correlation functions of the D0D*+ and D+D*0 channels at the origin around 30 and 2.5, respectively, and we see these observables converging to unity already for relative momenta of the order of 200 MeV. We conduct tests to see the relevance of the different contributions to the correlation function and find that it mostly provides information on the scattering length, but should the correlation functions be measured with the precision of the latest experiments, the effective range of the D0D*+ could also be obtained.
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Amerio, A., Cuoco, A., & Fornengo, N. (2023). Extracting the gamma-ray source-count distribution below the Fermi-LAT detection limit with deep learning. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 09(9), 029–39pp.
Abstract: We reconstruct the extra-galactic gamma-ray source-count distribution, or dN/dS, of resolved and unresolved sources by adopting machine learning techniques. Specifically, we train a convolutional neural network on synthetic 2-dimensional sky-maps, which are built by varying parameters of underlying source-counts models and incorporate the FermiLAT instrumental response functions. The trained neural network is then applied to the Fermi-LAT data, from which we estimate the source count distribution down to flux levels a factor of 50 below the Fermi-LAT threshold. We perform our analysis using 14 years of data collected in the (1, 10) GeV energy range. The results we obtain show a source count distribution which, in the resolved regime, is in excellent agreement with the one derived from cataloged sources, and then extends as dN/dS " S-2 in the unresolved regime, down to fluxes of 5 center dot 10-12 cm-2 s-1. The neural network architecture and the devised methodology have the flexibility to enable future analyses to study the energy dependence of the source-count distribution.
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