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BABAR and Belle Collaborations(Adachi, I. et al), Martinez-Vidal, F., & Oyanguren, A. (2018). Measurement of cos 2 beta in B-0 -> D((*))h(0) with D -> K-S(0)pi(+) pi(-) decays by a combined time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of BABAR and Belle data. Phys. Rev. D, 98(11), 112012–29pp.
Abstract: We report measurements of sin 2 beta and cos 2 beta using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B-0 -> D((*))h(0) with D -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decays, where the light unflavored and neutral hadron h(0) is a pi(0),eta, or omega meson. The analysis uses a combination of the final data sets of the BABAR and Belle experiments containing 471 x 10(6) and 772 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected at the gamma(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. We measure sin 2 beta = 0.80 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.06(syst) +/- 0.03(model) and cos 2 beta = 0.91 +/- 0.22(stat) +/- 0.09(syst) +/- 0.07(model). The result for the direct measurement of the angle is beta = (22.5 +/- 4.4(stat) +/- 1.2(syst) +/- 0.6(model))degrees. The last quoted uncertainties are due to the composition of the D-0 -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decay amplitude model, which is newly established by a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis of a high-statistics e(+) e(-) -> c (c) over bar data sample as part of this analysis. We find the first evidence for cos 2 beta > 0 at the level of 3.7 standard deviations. The measurement excludes the trigonometric multifold solution pi/2 – beta = (68.1 +/- 0.7)degrees at the level of 7.3 standard deviations and therefore resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle. The hypothesis of beta = 0 degrees is ruled out at the level of 5.1 standard deviations, and thus CP violation is observed in B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) decays. The measurement assumes no direct CP violation in B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) decays.
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Caron, S., Casas, J. A., Quilis, J., & Ruiz de Austri, R. (2018). Anomaly-free dark matter with harmless direct detection constraints. J. High Energy Phys., 12(12), 126–24pp.
Abstract: Dark matter (DM) interacting with the SM fields via a Z-boson (Z-portal') remains one of the most attractive WIMP scenarios, both from the theoretical and the phenomenological points of view. In order to avoid the strong constraints from direct detection and dilepton production, it is highly convenient that the Z has axial coupling to DM and leptophobic couplings to the SM particles, respectively. The latter implies that the associated U(1) coincides with baryon number in the SM sector. In this paper we completely classify the possible anomaly-free leptophobic Z with minimal dark sector, including the cases where the coupling to DM is axial. The resulting scenario is very predictive and perfectly viable from the present constraints from DM detection, EW observables and LHC data (di-lepton, di-jet and mono-jet production). We analyze all these constraints, obtaining the allowed areas in the parameter space, which generically prefer mZ less than or similar to 500 GeV, apart from resonant regions. The best chances to test these viable areas come from future LHC measurements.
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BABAR and Belle Collaborations(Adachi, I. et al), Martinez-Vidal, F., & Oyanguren, A. (2018). First Evidence for cos 2 beta > 0 and Resolution of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Quark-Mixing Unitarity Triangle Ambiguity. Phys. Rev. Lett., 121(26), 261801–11pp.
Abstract: We present first evidence that the cosine of the CP-violating weak phase 2 beta is positive, and hence exclude trigonometric multifold solutions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) Unitarity Triangle using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) with D -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decays, where h(0) is an element of {pi(0), eta, omega} denotes a light unflavored and neutral hadron. The measurement is performed combining the final data sets of the BABAR and Belle experiments collected at the (sic)(4S) resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain (471 +/- 3) x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs recorded by the BABAR detector and (772 +/- 11) x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs recorded by the Belle detector. The results of the measurement are sin 2 beta = 0.80 +/- 0.14 (stat) +/- 0.06 (syst) +/- 0.03 (model) and cos 2 beta = 0.91 +/- 0.22(stat) +/- 0.09 (syst) +/- 0.07(model). The result for the direct measurement of the angle beta of the CKM Unitarity Triangle is beta = [22.5 +/- 4.4 (stat) +/- 1.2 (syst) +/- 0.6(model)]degrees. The measurement assumes no direct CP violation in B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) decays. The quoted model uncertainties are due to the composition of the D-0 -> K-S(0)pi(+)pi(-) decay amplitude model, which is newly established by performing a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis using a high-statistics e(+)e(-) -> c (c) over bar data sample. CP violation is observed in B-0 -> D-(*) h(0) decays at the level of 5.1 standard deviations. The significance for cos 2 beta > 0 is 3.7 standard deviations. The trigonometric multifold solution pi/2 – beta = (68.1 +/- 0.7)degrees is excluded at the level of 7.3 standard deviations. The measurement resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle.
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BABAR Collaboration(Lees, J. P. et al), Martinez-Vidal, F., & Oyanguren, A. (2018). Study of the reactions e(+)e(-) -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)pi(0)pi(0) and pi(+)pi(-) pi(0)pi(0)eta at center-of-mass energies from threshold to 4.35 GeV using initial-state radiation. Phys. Rev. D, 98(11), 112015–23pp.
Abstract: We study the processes e(+)e--> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)gamma and pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)pi(0)eta gamma in which an energetic photon is radiated from the initial state. The data are collected with the BABAR detector at SLAC. About 14 000 and 4700 events, respectively, are selected from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 469 fb(-1). The invariant mass of the hadronic final state defines the effective e(+)e(-) center-of-mass energy. From the mass spectra, the first precise measurement of the e(+)e--> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)pi(0)pi(0) cross section and the first measurement ever of the e(+)e--> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0)pi(0)pi(0)eta cross section are performed. The center-of-mass energies range from threshold to 4.35 GeV. The systematic uncertainty is typically between 10% and 13%. The contributions from omega pi(0)pi(0), eta pi(+)pi(-) and other intermediate states are presented. We observe the J/psi and psi(2S) in most of these final states and measure the corresponding branching fractions, many of them for the first time.
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Agullo, I., del Rio, A., & Navarro-Salas, J. (2018). On the Electric-Magnetic Duality Symmetry: Quantum Anomaly, Optical Helicity, and Particle Creation. Symmetry-Basel, 10(12), 763–14pp.
Abstract: It is well known that not every symmetry of a classical field theory is also a symmetry of its quantum version. When this occurs, we speak of quantum anomalies. The existence of anomalies imply that some classical Noether charges are no longer conserved in the quantum theory. In this paper, we discuss a new example for quantum electromagnetic fields propagating in the presence of gravity. We argue that the symmetry under electric-magnetic duality rotations of the source-free Maxwell action is anomalous in curved spacetimes. The classical Noether charge associated with these transformations accounts for the net circular polarization or the optical helicity of the electromagnetic field. Therefore, our results describe the way the spacetime curvature changes the helicity of photons and opens the possibility of extracting information from strong gravitational fields through the observation of the polarization of photons. We also argue that the physical consequences of this anomaly can be understood in terms of the asymmetric quantum creation of photons by the gravitational field.
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