T2K Collaboration(Abe, K. et al), Antonova, M., Cervera-Villanueva, A., Fernandez, P., Izmaylov, A., & Novella, P. (2020). Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance in a Long-Baseline Muon Antineutrino Beam. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(16), 161802–8pp.
Abstract: Electron antineutrino appearance is measured by the T2K experiment in an accelerator-produced antineutrino beam, using additional neutrino beam operation to constrain parameters of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. T2K observes 15 candidate electron antineutrino events with a background expectation of 9.3 events. Including information from the kinematic distribution of observed events, the hypothesis of no electron antineutrino appearance is disfavored with a significance of 2.40s and no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions is found. A complementary analysis that introduces an additional free parameter which allows non-PMNS values of electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance also finds no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions.
|
Aguilera-Verdugo, J. J., Driencourt-Mangin, F., Hernandez-Pinto, R. J., Plenter, J., Ramirez-Uribe, S., Renteria-Olivo, A. E., et al. (2020). Open Loop Amplitudes and Causality to All Orders and Powers from the Loop-Tree Duality. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(21), 211602–6pp.
Abstract: Multiloop scattering amplitudes describing the quantum fluctuations at high-energy scattering processes are the main bottleneck in perturbative quantum field theory. The loop-tree duality is a novel method aimed at overcoming this bottleneck by opening the loop amplitudes into trees and combining them at integrand level with the real-emission matrix elements. In this Letter, we generalize the loop-tree duality to all orders in the perturbative expansion by using the complex Lorentz-covariant prescription of the original one-loop formulation. We introduce a series of mutiloop topologies with arbitrary internal configurations and derive very compact and factorizable expressions of their open-to-trees representation in the loop-tree duality formalism. Furthermore, these expressions are entirely independent at integrand level of the initial assignments of momentum flows in the Feynman representation and remarkably free of noncausal singularities. These properties, that we conjecture to hold to other topologies at all orders, provide integrand representations of scattering amplitudes that exhibit manifest causal singular structures and better numerical stability than in other representations.
|
LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., et al. (2020). Search for the Rare Decays B-s(0) -> e(+) e(-) and B-0 -> e(+) e(-). Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(21), 211802–11pp.
Abstract: A search for the decays B-s(0) -> e(+)e(-) and B-0 e(+)e(-) is performed using data collected with the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 1, 2, and 2 fb(-1), respectively. No signal is observed. Assuming no contribution from B-0 -> e(+)e(-) decays, an upper limit on the branching fraction B(B-s(0) -> e(+)e(-)) < 9.4(11.2) x 10(-9) is obtained at 90(95)% confidence level. If no B-s(0) -> e(+)e(-) contribution is assumed, a limit of B(B-0 -> e(+)e(-)) < 2.5(3.0) x 10(-9) is determined at 90(95)% confidence level. These upper limits are more than one order of magnitude lower than the previous values.
|
del Rio, A., Sanchis-Gual, N., Mewes, V., Agullo, I., Font, J. A., & Navarro-Salas, J. (2020). Spontaneous Creation of Circularly Polarized Photons in Chiral Astrophysical Systems. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(21), 211301–6pp.
Abstract: This work establishes a relation between chiral anomalies in curved spacetimes and the radiative content of the gravitational field. In particular, we show that a flux of circularly polarized gravitational waves triggers the spontaneous creation of photons with net circular polarization from the quantum vacuum. Using waveform catalogs, we identify precessing binary black holes as astrophysical configurations that emit such gravitational radiation and then solve the fully nonlinear Einstein's equations with numerical relativity to evaluate the net effect. The quantum amplitude for a merger is comparable to the Hawking emission rate of the final black hole and small to be directly observed. However, the implications for the inspiral of binary neutron stars could be more prominent, as argued on symmetry grounds.
|
Richard, J. M., Valcarce, A., & Vijande, J. (2020). Very Heavy Flavored Dibaryons. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(21), 212001–4pp.
Abstract: We explore the possibility of very heavy dibaryons with three charm quarks and three beauty quarks, bbbccc, using a constituent model which should lead to the correct solution in the limit of hadrons made of heavy quarks. The six-body problem is treated rigorously, in particular taking into account the orbital, color, and spin mixed-symmetry components of the wave function. Unlike a recent claim based on lattice QCD, no bound state is found below the lowest dissociation threshold.
|
ATLAS Collaboration(Aad, G. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Cabrera Urban, S., Castillo, F. L., et al. (2020). Measurement of the Lund Jet Plane Using Charged Particles in 13 TeV Proton-Proton Collisions with the ATLAS Detector. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(22), 222002–21pp.
Abstract: The prevalence of hadronic jets at the LHC requires that a deep understanding of jet formation and structure is achieved in order to reach the highest levels of experimental and theoretical precision. There have been many measurements of jet substructure at the LHC and previous colliders, but the targeted observables mix physical effects from various origins. Based on a recent proposal to factorize physical effects, this Letter presents a double-differential cross-section measurement of the Lund jet plane using 139 fb(-1) of root s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector using jets with transverse momentum above 675 GeV. The measurement uses charged particles to achieve a fine angular resolution and is corrected for acceptance and detector effects. Several parton shower Monte Carlo models are compared with the data. No single model is found to be in agreement with the measured data across the entire plane.
|
LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., et al. (2020). Observation of New Xi(0)(c) Baryons Decaying to Lambda K-+(c)-. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(22), 222001–11pp.
Abstract: The Lambda K-+(c)- mass spectrum is studied with a data sample of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.6 fb(-1) collected by the LHCb experiment. Three Xi(0)(c) states are observed with a large significance and their masses and natural widths are measured to be m[Xi(c)(2923)(0)] = 2923.04 +/- 0.25 +/- 0.20 +/- 0.14 MeV, Gamma[Xi(c)(2923)(0)] = 7.1 +/- 0.8 +/- 1.8 MeV, m[Xi(c)(2939)(0)] = 2938.55 +/- 0.21 +/- 0.17 +/- 0.14 MeV, Gamma[Xi(c)(2939)(0)] = 10.2 +/- 0.8 +/- 1.1 MeV, m[Xi(c)(2965)(0)] = 2964.88 +/- 0.26 +/- 0.14 +/- 0.14 MeV, Gamma[Xi(c)(2965)(0)] = 14.1 +/- 0.9 +/- 1.3 MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the limited knowledge of the Lambda(+)(c) mass. The Xi(c)(2923)(0) and Xi(c)(2939)(0) baryons are new states. The Xi(c)(2965)(0) state is in the vicinity of the known Xi(c)(2970)(0) baryon; however, their masses and natural widths differ significantly.
|
Fu, J., Giorgi, M. A., Henry, L., Marangotto, D., Martinez-Vidal, F., Merli, A., et al. (2019). Novel Method for the Direct Measurement of the tau Lepton Dipole Moments. Phys. Rev. Lett., 123(1), 011801–5pp.
Abstract: A novel method for the direct measurement of the elusive magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau lepton is presented. The experimental approach relies on the production of tau(+) leptons from D-s(+) -> tau(+)nu(tau) decays, originating in fixed-target collisions at the LHC. A sample of polarized tau(+)leptons is kinematically selected and subsequently channeled in a bent crystal. The magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau(+) lepton are measured by determining the rotation of the spin-polarization vector induced by the intense electromagnetic field between crystal atomic planes. The experimental technique is discussed along with the expected sensitivities.
|
MoEDAL Collaboration(Acharya, B. et al), Bernabeu, J., Mamuzic, J., Mitsou, V. A., Papavassiliou, J., Ruiz de Austri, R., et al. (2019). Magnetic Monopole Search with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions Interpreted in Photon-Fusion and Drell-Yan Production. Phys. Rev. Lett., 123(2), 021802–7pp.
Abstract: MoEDAL is designed to identify new physics in the form of stable or pseudostable highly ionizing particles produced in high-energy Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collisions. Here we update our previous search for magnetic monopoles in Run 2 using the full trapping detector with almost four times more material and almost twice more integrated luminosity. For the first time at the LHC, the data were interpreted in terms of photon-fusion monopole direct production in addition to the Drell-Yan-like mechanism. The MoEDAL trapping detector, consisting of 794 kg of aluminum samples installed in the forward and lateral regions, was exposed to 4.0 fb(-1) of 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHCb interaction point and analyzed by searching for induced persistent currents after passage through a superconducting magnetometer. Magnetic charges equal to or above the Dirac charge are excluded in all samples. Monopole spins 0, 1/2, and 1 are considered and both velocity-independent and-dependent couplings are assumed. This search provides the best current laboratory constraints for monopoles with magnetic charges ranging from two to five times the Dirac charge.
|
Estienne, M., Fallot, M., Algora, A., Briz-Monago, J., Bui, V. M., Cormon, S., et al. (2019). Updated Summation Model: An Improved Agreement with the Daya Bay Antineutrino Fluxes. Phys. Rev. Lett., 123(2), 022502–6pp.
Abstract: A new summation method model of the reactor antineutrino energy spectrum is presented. It is updated with the most recent evaluated decay databases and with our total absorption gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements performed during the last decade. For the first time, the spectral measurements from the Daya Bay experiment are compared with the antineutrino energy spectrum computed with the updated summation method without any renormalization. The results exhibit a better agreement than is obtained with the Huber-Mueller model in the 2-5 MeV range, the region that dominates the detected flux. A systematic trend is found in which the antineutrino flux computed with the summation model decreases with the inclusion of more pandemonium-free data. The calculated flux obtained now lies only 1.9% above that detected in the Daya Bay experiment, a value that may be reduced with forthcoming new pandemonium-free data, leaving less room for a reactor anomaly. Eventually, the new predictions of individual antineutrino spectra for the U-235, Pu-239, Pu-241, and U-238 are used to compute the dependence of the reactor antineutrino spectral shape on the fission fractions.
|