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Author |
Muñoz, E.; Barrientos, L.; Bernabeu, J.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Llosa, G.; Ros, A.; Roser, J.; Oliver, J.F. |
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Title |
A spectral reconstruction algorithm for two-plane Compton cameras |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume  |
65 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
025011 - 17pp |
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Keywords |
Compton imaging; Compton camera; hadron therapy; image reconstruction |
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Abstract |
One factor limiting the current applicability extent of hadron therapy is the lack of a reliable method for real time treatment monitoring. The use of Compton imaging systems as monitors requires the correct reconstruction of the distribution of prompt gamma productions during patient irradiation. In order to extract the maximum information from all the measurable events, we implemented a spectral reconstruction method that assigns to all events a probability of being either partial or total energy depositions. The method, implemented in a list-mode maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm, generates a four dimensional image in the joint spatial-spectral domain, in which the voxels containing the emission positions and energies are obtained. The analytical model used for the system response function is also employed to derive an analytical expression for the sensitivity, which is calculated via Monte Carlo integration. The performance of the method is evaluated through reconstruction of various experimental and simulated sources with different spatial and energy distributions. The results show that the proposed method can recover the spectral and spatial information simultaneously, but only under the assumption of ideal measurements. The analysis of the Monte Carlo simulations has led to the identification of two important degradation sources: the mispositioning of the gamma interaction point and the missing energy recorded in the interaction. Both factors are related to the high energy transferred to the recoil electrons, which can travel far from the interaction point and even escape the detector. These effects prevent the direct application of the current method in more realistic scenarios. Nevertheless, experimental point-like sources have been accurately reconstructed and the spatial distributions and spectral emission of complex simulated phantoms can be identified. |
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Address |
[Munoz, Enrique; Barrientos, Luis; Bernabeu, Jose; Borja-Lloret, Marina; Llosa, Gabriela; Ros, Ana; Roser, Jorge; Oliver, Josep F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: Enrique.Munoz@ific.uv.es |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000520111400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4332 |
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Author |
Roser, J.; Muñoz, E.; Barrientos, L.; Barrio, J.; Bernabeu, J.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Etxebeste, A.; Llosa, G.; Ros, A.; Viegas, R.; Oliver, J.F. |
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Title |
Image reconstruction for a multi-layer Compton telescope: an analytical model for three interaction events |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
145005 - 17pp |
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Keywords |
Compton camera; Compton imaging; hadron therapy; image reconstruction; lm-mlem; monte carlo simulations; multi-layer Compton telescope |
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Abstract |
Compton Cameras are electronically collimated photon imagers suitable for sub-MeV to few MeV gamma-ray detection. Such features are desirable to enablein vivorange verification in hadron therapy, through the detection of secondary Prompt Gammas. A major concern with this technique is the poor image quality obtained when the incoming gamma-ray energy is unknown. Compton Cameras with more than two detector planes (multi-layer Compton Cameras) have been proposed as a solution, given that these devices incorporate more signal sequences of interactions to the conventional two interaction events. In particular, three interaction events convey more spectral information as they allow inferring directly the incident gamma-ray energy. A three-layer Compton Telescope based on continuous Lanthanum (III) Bromide crystals coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers is being developed at the IRIS group of IFIC-Valencia. In a previous work we proposed a spectral reconstruction algorithm for two interaction events based on an analytical model for the formation of the signal. To fully exploit the capabilities of our prototype, we present here an extension of the model for three interaction events. Analytical expressions of the sensitivity and the System Matrix are derived and validated against Monte Carlo simulations. Implemented in a List Mode Maximum Likelihood Expectation Maximization algorithm, the proposed model allows us to obtain four-dimensional (energy and position) images by using exclusively three interaction events. We are able to recover the correct spectrum and spatial distribution of gamma-ray sources when ideal data are employed. However, the uncertainties associated to experimental measurements result in a degradation when real data from complex structures are employed. Incorrect estimation of the incident gamma-ray interaction positions, and missing deposited energy associated with escaping secondaries, have been identified as the causes of such degradation by means of a detailed Monte Carlo study. As expected, our current experimental resolution and efficiency to three interaction events prevents us from correctly recovering complex structures of radioactive sources. However, given the better spectral information conveyed by three interaction events, we expect an improvement of the image quality of conventional Compton imaging when including such events. In this regard, future development includes the incorporation of the model assessed in this work to the two interaction events model in order to allow using simultaneously two and three interaction events in the image reconstruction. |
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Address |
[Roser, J.; Munoz, E.; Barrientos, L.; Barrio, J.; Bernabeu, J.; Borja-Lloret, M.; Etxebeste, A.; Llosa, G.; Ros, A.; Viegas, R.; Oliver, J. F.] Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC CSIC UVEG, Valencia, Spain, Email: Jorge.Roser@ific.uv.es |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000552701600001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4481 |
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Author |
Etxebeste, A.; Barrio, J.; Bernabeu, J.; Lacasta, C.; Llosa, G.; Muñoz, E.; Ros, A.; Oliver, J.F. |
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Title |
Study of sensitivity and resolution for full ring PET prototypes based on continuous crystals and analytical modeling of the light distribution |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
035015 - 17pp |
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Keywords |
continuous crystals; NEMA NU 4-2008; positron emission tomography (PET); Monte Carlo simulations; image reconstruction; depth of interaction |
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Abstract |
Sensitivity and spatial resolution are the main parameters to maximize in the performance of a PET scanner. For this purpose, detectors consisting of a combination of continuous crystals optically coupled to segmented photodetectors have been employed. With the use of continuous crystals the sensitivity is increased with respect to the pixelated crystals. In addition, spatial resolution is no longer limited to the crystal size. The main drawback is the difficulty in determining the interaction position. In this work, we present the characterization of the performance of a full ring based on cuboid continuous crystals coupled to SiPMs. To this end, we have employed the simulations developed in a previous work for our experimental detector head. Sensitivity could be further enhanced by using tapered crystals. This enhancement is obtained by increasing the solid angle coverage, reducing the wedge-shaped gaps between contiguous detectors. The performance of the scanners based on both crystal geometries was characterized following NEMA NU 4-2008 standardized protocol in order to compare them. An average sensitivity gain over the entire axial field of view of 13.63% has been obtained with tapered geometry while similar performance of the spatial resolution has been proven with both scanners. The activity at which NECR and true peak occur is smaller and the peak value is greater for tapered crystals than for cuboid crystals. Moreover, a higher degree of homogeneity was obtained in the sensitivity map due to the tighter packing of the crystals, which reduces the gaps and results in a better recovery of homogeneous regions than for the cuboid configuration. Some of the results obtained, such as spatial resolution, depend on the interaction position estimation and may vary if other method is employed. |
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Address |
[Etxebeste, Ane; Barrio, John; Bernabeu, Jose; Lacasta, Carlos; Llosa, Gabriela; Munoz, Enrique; Ros, Ana; Oliver, Josef F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: ane.etxebeste@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000457182500004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3897 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Muñoz, E.; Barrio, J.; Bernabeu, J.; Etxebeste, A.; Lacasta, C.; Llosa, G.; Ros, A.; Roser, J.; Oliver, J.F. |
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Title |
Study and comparison of different sensitivity models for a two-plane Compton camera |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
135004 - 19pp |
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Keywords |
Compton camera imaging; MLEM; Monte Carlo simulations; image quality |
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Abstract |
Given the strong variations in the sensitivity of Compton cameras for the detection of events originating from different points in the field of view (FoV), sensitivity correction is often necessary in Compton image reconstruction. Several approaches for the calculation of the sensitivity matrix have been proposed in the literature. While most of these models are easily implemented and can be useful in many cases, they usually assume high angular coverage over the scattered photon, which is not the case for our prototype. In this work, we have derived an analytical model that allows us to calculate a detailed sensitivity matrix, which has been compared to other sensitivity models in the literature. Specifically, the proposed model describes the probability of measuring a useful event in a two-plane Compton camera, including the most relevant physical processes involved. The model has been used to obtain an expression for the system and sensitivity matrices for iterative image reconstruction. These matrices have been validated taking Monte Carlo simulations as a reference. In order to study the impact of the sensitivity, images reconstructed with our sensitivity model and with other models have been compared. Images have been reconstructed from several simulated sources, including point-like sources and extended distributions of activity, and also from experimental data measured with Na-22 sources. Results show that our sensitivity model is the best suited for our prototype. Although other models in the literature perform successfully in many scenarios, they are not applicable in all the geometrical configurations of interest for our system. In general, our model allows to effectively recover the intensity of point-like sources at different positions in the FoV and to reconstruct regions of homogeneous activity with minimal variance. Moreover, it can be employed for all Compton camera configurations, including those with low angular coverage over the scatterer. |
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Address |
[Munoz, Enrique; Barrio, John; Bernabeu, Jose; Etxebeste, Ane; Lacasta, Carlos; Llosa, Gabriela; Ros, Ana; Roser, Jorge; Oliver, Josep F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, IFIC, Valencia, Spain, Email: Enrique.Munoz@ific.uv.es |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000436390800004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3639 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bernabeu, J. |
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Title |
Discrete Symmetries CP,T,CPT |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Acta Physica Polonica B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Phys. Pol. B |
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Volume |
47 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
417-424 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The role of symmetry breaking mechanisms to search for new physics is of highest importance. We discuss the status and prospects of the discrete symmetries CP, T, CPT looking for their separate violation in LHC experiments and meson factories. |
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Address |
[Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46003 Valencia, Spain, Email: jose.bernabeu@uv.es |
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Publisher |
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0587-4254 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000373493700022 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2628 |
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Author |
MoEDAL Collaboration (Acharya, B. et al); Bernabeu, J.; Garcia, C.; King, M.; Mitsou, V.A.; Vento, V.; Vives, O. |
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Title |
The physics programme of the MoEDAL experiment at the LHC |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
International Journal of Modern Physics A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
23 |
Pages |
1430050 - 91pp |
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Keywords |
MoEDAL; LHC magnetic monopole; monopolium; dyons; (pseudo-)stable massive charged particle; supersymmetry; technicolor; extra dimensions; dark matter; doubly charged particles; highly ionizing particles; physics beyond the Standard Model |
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Abstract |
The MoEDAL experiment at Point 8 of the LHC ring is the seventh and newest LHC experiment. It is dedicated to the search for highly-ionizing particle avatars of physics beyond the Standard Model, extending significantly the discovery horizon of the LHC. A MoEDAL discovery would have revolutionary implications for our fundamental understanding of the Microcosm. MoEDAL is an unconventional and largely passive LHC detector comprised of the largest array of Nuclear Track Detector stacks ever deployed at an accelerator, surrounding the intersection region at Point 8 on the LHC ring. Another novel feature is the use of paramagnetic trapping volumes to capture both electrically and magnetically charged highly-ionizing particles predicted in new physics scenarios. It includes an array of TimePix pixel devices for monitoring highly-ionizing particle backgrounds. The main passive elements of the MoEDAL detector do not require a trigger system, electronic readout, or online computerized data acquisition. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the MoEDAL physics reach, which is largely complementary to the programs of the large multipurpose LHC detectors ATLAS and CMS. |
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Address |
[Acharya, B.; Alexandre, J.; Ellis, J. R.; Fairbairn, M.; Mavromatos, N. E.; Sakellariadou, M.; Sarkar, S.] Kings Coll London, Dept Phys, Theoret Particle Phys & Cosmol Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England, Email: jpinfold@ualberta.ca |
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Publisher |
World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0217-751x |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000342220300004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1950 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Unno, Y. et al; Bernabeu, J.; Lacasta, C.; Solaz, C.; Soldevila, U. |
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Title |
Specifications and pre-production of n plus -in-p large-format strip sensors fabricated in 6-inch silicon wafers, ATLAS18, for the Inner Tracker of the ATLAS Detector for High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
T03008 - 29pp |
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Keywords |
Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors); Radiation-hard detectors; Si microstrip and pad detectors |
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Abstract |
The ATLAS experiment is constructing new all-silicon inner tracking system for HL-LHC. The strip detectors cover the radial extent of 40 to 100 cm. A new approach is adopted to use p-type silicon material, making the readout in n+-strips, so-called n+-in-p sensors. This allows for enhanced radiation tolerance against an order of magnitude higher particle fluence compared to the LHC. To cope with varying hit rates and occupancies as a function of radial distance, there are two barrel sensor types, the short strips (SS) for the inner 2 and the long strips (LS) for the outer 2 barrel cylinders, respectively. The barrel sensors exhibit a square, 9.8 x 9.8 cm2, geometry, the largest possible sensor area from a 6-inch wafer. The strips are laid out in parallel with a strip pitch of 75.5 μm and 4 or 2 rows of strip segments. The strips are AC-coupled and biased via polysilicon resistors. The endcap sensors employ a “stereo-annulus” geometry exhibiting a skewed-trapezoid shapes with circular edges. They are designed in 6 unique shapes, R0 to R5, corresponding to progressively increasing radial extents and which allows them to fit within the petal geometry and the 6-inch wafer maximally. The strips are in fan-out geometry with an in-built rotation angle, with a mean pitch of approximately 75 μm and 4 or 2 rows of strip segments. The eight sensor types are labeled as ATLAS18xx where xx stands for SS, LS, and R0 to R5. According to the mechanical and electrical specifications, CAD files for wafer processing were laid out, following the successful designs of prototype barrel and endcap sensors, together with a number of optimizations. A pre-production was carried out prior to the full production of the wafers. The quality of the sensors is reviewed and judged excellent through the test results carried out by vendor. These sensors are used for establishing acceptance procedures and to evaluate their performance in the ATLAS collaboration, and subsequently for pre-production of strip modules and stave and petal structures. |
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Address |
[Allport, P. P.; Chisholm, A.; George, W.; Gonella, L.; Kopsalis, I.; Lomas, J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B152TT, England, Email: yoshinobu.unno@kek.jp |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
IOP Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000974242700001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5522 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Poley, L. et al; Bernabeu, J.; Civera, J.V.; Lacasta, C.; Leon, P.; Platero, A.; Platero, V; Solaz, C.; Soldevila, U.; Vidal, G. |
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Title |
The ABC130 barrel module prototyping programme for the ATLAS strip tracker |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
P09004 - 78pp |
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Keywords |
Detector design and construction technologies and materials; Si microstrip and pad detectors; Radiation-hard detectors; Front-end electronics for detector readout |
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Abstract |
For the Phase-II Upgrade of the ATLAS Detector [1], its Inner Detector, consisting of silicon pixel, silicon strip and transition radiation sub-detectors, will be replaced with an all new 100% silicon tracker, composed of a pixel tracker at inner radii and a strip tracker at outer radii. The future ATLAS strip tracker will include 11,000 silicon sensor modules in the central region (barrel) and 7,000 modules in the forward region (end-caps), which are foreseen to be constructed over a period of 3.5 years. The construction of each module consists of a series of assembly and quality control steps, which were engineered to be identical for all production sites. In order to develop the tooling and procedures for assembly and testing of these modules, two series of major prototyping programs were conducted: an early program using readout chips designed using a 250 nm fabrication process (ABCN-250) [2, 3] and a subsequent program using a follow-up chip set made using 130 nm processing (ABC130 and HCC130 chips). This second generation of readout chips was used for an extensive prototyping program that produced around 100 barrel-type modules and contributed significantly to the development of the final module layout. This paper gives an overview of the components used in ABC130 barrel modules, their assembly procedure and findings resulting from their tests. |
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Address |
[Poley, L.; Anderssen, E.; Ciocio, A.; Cornell, E.; Haber, C.; Haugen, T. E.; Heim, T.; Johnson, T. A.; Krizka, K.; Labitan, C.; Li, B.; Li, C.; MacFadyen, R.; Mladina, E.; Ottino, G.; Sanethavong, P.; Santpur, S. Neha; Witharm, R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA, Email: APoley@cern.ch |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000577273400004 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4572 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Kuehn, S. et al; Bernabeu, J.; Lacasta, C.; Marco-Hernandez, R.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Santoyo, D.; Solaz, C.; Soldevila Serrano, U. |
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Title |
Prototyping of petalets for the Phase-II upgrade of the silicon strip tracking detector of the ATLAS experiment |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
T03004 - 22pp |
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Keywords |
Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors); Si microstrip and pad detectors; Solid state detectors; Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors |
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Abstract |
In the high luminosity era of the Large Hadron Collider, the instantaneous luminosity is expected to reach unprecedented values, resulting in about 200 proton-proton interactions in a typical bunch crossing. To cope with the resultant increase in occupancy, bandwidth and radiation damage, the ATLAS Inner Detector will be replaced by an all-silicon system, the Inner Tracker (ITk). The ITk consists of a silicon pixel and a strip detector and exploits the concept of modularity. Prototyping and testing of various strip detector components has been carried out. This paper presents the developments and results obtained with reduced-size structures equivalent to those foreseen to be used in the forward region of the silicon strip detector. Referred to as petalets, these structures are built around a composite sandwich with embedded cooling pipes and electrical tapes for routing the signals and power. Detector modules built using electronic flex boards and silicon strip sensors are glued on both the front and back side surfaces of the carbon structure. Details are given on the assembly, testing and evaluation of several petalets. Measurement results of both mechanical and electrical quantities are shown. Moreover, an outlook is given for improved prototyping plans for large structures. |
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Address |
[Kuehn, S.] European Org Nucl Res, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, Email: susanne.kuehn@cern.ch |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
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Notes |
WOS:000428146400003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3530 |
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Author |
Kuehn, S. et al; Bernabeu, J.; Lacasta, C.; Marco-Hernandez, R.; Santoyo, D.; Solaz, C.; Soldevila, U. |
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Title |
Prototyping of hybrids and modules for the forward silicon strip tracking detector for the ATLAS Phase-II upgrade |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
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Pages |
P05015 - 26pp |
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Keywords |
Si microstrip and pad detectors; Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors); Solid state detectors |
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Abstract |
For the High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider an increased instantaneous luminosity of up to 7.5 . 10(34) cm(-2) s(-1), leading to a total integrated luminosity of up to 3000 fb(-1), is foreseen. The current silicon and transition radiation tracking detectors of the ATLAS experiment will be unable to cope with the increased track densities and radiation levels, and will need to be replaced. The new tracking detector will consist entirely of silicon pixel and strip detectors. In this paper, results on the development and tests of prototype components for the new silicon strip detector in the forward regions (end-caps) of the ATLAS detector are presented. Flex-printed readout boards with fast readout chips, referred to as hybrids, and silicon detector modules are investigated. The modules consist of a hybrid glued onto a silicon strip sensor. The channels on both are connected via wire-bonds for readout and powering. Measurements of important performance parameters and a comparison of two possible readout schemes are presented. In addition, the assembly procedure is described and recommendations for further prototyping are derived. |
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Address |
[Kuehn, S.] CERN, European Org Nucl Res, Expt Phys, Route Meyrin 385, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland, Email: susanne.kuehn@cern.ch |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000405076000015 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3221 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
