| Records |
| Author |
Hirn, J.; Garcia, J.E.; Montesinos-Navarro, A.; Sanchez-Martin, R.; Sanz, V.; Verdu, M. |
| Title |
A deep Generative Artificial Intelligence system to predict species coexistence patterns |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Methods Ecol. Evol. |
Volume  |
13 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
1052-1061 |
| Keywords |
artificial intelligence; direct interactions; generative adversarial networks; indirect interactions; species coexistence; variational AutoEncoders |
| Abstract |
Predicting coexistence patterns is a current challenge to understand diversity maintenance, especially in rich communities where these patterns' complexity is magnified through indirect interactions that prevent their approximation with classical experimental approaches. We explore cutting-edge Machine Learning techniques called Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) to predict species coexistence patterns in vegetation patches, training generative adversarial networks (GAN) and variational AutoEncoders (VAE) that are then used to unravel some of the mechanisms behind community assemblage. The GAN accurately reproduces real patches' species composition and plant species' affinity to different soil types, and the VAE also reaches a high level of accuracy, above 99%. Using the artificially generated patches, we found that high-order interactions tend to suppress the positive effects of low-order interactions. Finally, by reconstructing successional trajectories, we could identify the pioneer species with larger potential to generate a high diversity of distinct patches in terms of species composition. Understanding the complexity of species coexistence patterns in diverse ecological communities requires new approaches beyond heuristic rules. Generative Artificial Intelligence can be a powerful tool to this end as it allows to overcome the inherent dimensionality of this challenge. |
| Address |
[Hirn, Johannes; Enrique Garcia, Jose; Sanz, Veronica] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia, Spain, Email: miguel.verdu@ext.uv.es |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Wiley |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2041-210x |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
WOS:000765239700001 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5155 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J. |
| Title |
Study of the doubly charmed tetraquark T-cc(+) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Commun. |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3351 - 19pp |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force, describes interactions of coloured quarks and gluons and the formation of hadronic matter. Conventional hadronic matter consists of baryons and mesons made of three quarks and quark-antiquark pairs, respectively. Particles with an alternative quark content are known as exotic states. Here a study is reported of an exotic narrow state in the (DD0)-D-0 pi(+) mass spectrum just below the D*+D-0 mass threshold produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The state is consistent with the ground isoscalar T-cc(+), tetraquark with a quark content of cc (u) over bar(d) over bar and spin-parity quantum numbers J(P) =1(+). Study of the DD mass spectra disfavours interpretation of the resonance as the isovector state. The decay structure via intermediate off-shell D*(+) mesons is consistent with the observed D-0 pi(+) mass distribution. To analyse the mass of the resonance and its coupling to the DID system, a dedicated model is developed under the assumption of an isoscalar axial-vector T-cc(+), state decaying to the D*D channel. Using this model, resonance parameters including the pole position, scattering length, effective range and compositeness are determined to reveal important information about the nature of the T-cc(+), state. In addition, an unexpected dependence of the production rate on track multiplicity is observed. |
| Address |
[Aaij, R.; Butter, J. S.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Sole, S. Ferreres; Gabriel, E.; Geertsema, R. E.; Greeven, L. M.; Heijhoff, K.; Hulsbergen, W.; Hynds, D.; Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; Klaver, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Kostiuk, I; Kuindersma, H. S.; Martinez, M. Lucio; Lukashenko, V; Mauri, A.; Merk, M.; Pellegrino, A.; Raven, G.; Gras, C. Sanchez; Schubiger, M.; Soares, M. Senghi; Snoch, A.; Tuning, N.; Usachov, A.; van Beuzekom, M.; Veronesi, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Email: Ivan.Belyaev@cern.ch |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
WOS:000812556800001 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5280 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Albiol, A.; Albiol, F.; Paredes, R.; Plasencia-Martinez, J.M.; Blanco Barrio, A.; Garcia Santos, J.M.; Tortajada, S.; Gonzalez Montano, V.M.; Rodriguez Godoy, C.E.; Fernandez Gomez, S.; Oliver-Garcia, E.; de la Iglesia Vaya, M.; Marquez Perez, F.L.; Rayo Madrid, J.I. |
| Title |
A comparison of Covid-19 early detection between convolutional neural networks and radiologists |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Insights into Imaging |
Abbreviated Journal |
Insights Imaging |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
122 - 12pp |
| Keywords |
Deep learning; Covid-19; Radiology |
| Abstract |
Background The role of chest radiography in COVID-19 disease has changed since the beginning of the pandemic from a diagnostic tool when microbiological resources were scarce to a different one focused on detecting and monitoring COVID-19 lung involvement. Using chest radiographs, early detection of the disease is still helpful in resource-poor environments. However, the sensitivity of a chest radiograph for diagnosing COVID-19 is modest, even for expert radiologists. In this paper, the performance of a deep learning algorithm on the first clinical encounter is evaluated and compared with a group of radiologists with different years of experience. Methods The algorithm uses an ensemble of four deep convolutional networks, Ensemble4Covid, trained to detect COVID-19 on frontal chest radiographs. The algorithm was tested using images from the first clinical encounter of positive and negative cases. Its performance was compared with five radiologists on a smaller test subset of patients. The algorithm's performance was also validated using the public dataset COVIDx. Results Compared to the consensus of five radiologists, the Ensemble4Covid model achieved an AUC of 0.85, whereas the radiologists achieved an AUC of 0.71. Compared with other state-of-the-art models, the performance of a single model of our ensemble achieved nonsignificant differences in the public dataset COVIDx. Conclusion The results show that the use of images from the first clinical encounter significantly drops the detection performance of COVID-19. The performance of our Ensemble4Covid under these challenging conditions is considerably higher compared to a consensus of five radiologists. Artificial intelligence can be used for the fast diagnosis of COVID-19. |
| Address |
[Albiol, Alberto] Univ Politecn Valencia, iTeam Inst, ETSI Telecomunicac, Camino Vera S-N, Valencia 46022, Spain, Email: alalbiol@iteam.upv.es |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
1869-4101 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
WOS:000832727200003 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5302 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Horak, J.; Ihssen, F.; Papavassiliou, J.; Pawlowski, J.M.; Weber, A.; Wetterich, C. |
| Title |
Gluon condensates and effective gluon mass |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Scipost Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
SciPost Phys. |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
042 - 40pp |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Lattice simulations along with studies in continuum QCD indicate that non-perturbative quantum fluctuations lead to an infrared regularisation of the gluon propagator in covariant gauges in the form of an effective mass-like behaviour. In the present work we propose an analytic understanding of this phenomenon in terms of gluon condensation through a dynamical version of the Higgs mechanism, leading to the emergence of color condensates. Within the functional renormalisation group approach we compute the effective potential of covariantly constant field strengths, whose non-trivial minimum is related to the color condensates. In the physical case of an SU(3) gauge group this is an octet condensate. The value of the gluon mass obtained through this procedure compares very well to lattice results and the mass gap arising from alternative dynamical scenarios. |
| Address |
[Horak, Jan; Ihssen, Friederike; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Weber, Axel; Wetterich, Christof] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Philosophenweg 16, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Scipost Foundation |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2542-4653 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
WOS:000863121000008 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5379 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Angles-Castillo, A.; Perez, A. |
| Title |
A quantum walk simulation of extra dimensions with warped geometry |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
| Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1926 - 12pp |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
We investigate the properties of a quantum walk which can simulate the behavior of a spin 1/2 particle in a model with an ordinary spatial dimension, and one extra dimension with warped geometry between two branes. Such a setup constitutes a 1+ 1 dimensional version of the Randall-Sundrum model, which plays an important role in high energy physics. In the continuum spacetime limit, the quantum walk reproduces the Dirac equation corresponding to the model, which allows to anticipate some of the properties that can be reproduced by the quantum walk. In particular, we observe that the probability distribution becomes, at large time steps, concentrated near the “low energy” brane, and can be approximated as the lowest eigenstate of the continuum Hamiltonian that is compatible with the symmetries of the model. In this way, we obtain a localization effect whose strength is controlled by a warp coefficient. In other words, here localization arises from the geometry of the model, at variance with the usual effect that is originated from random irregularities, as in Anderson localization. In summary, we establish an interesting correspondence between a high energy physics model and localization in quantum walks. |
| Address |
[Angles-Castillo, Andreu] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, Valencia 46100, Spain, Email: andreu.angles@ific.uv.es |
| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
| Publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
WOS:000751472600024 |
Approved |
no |
| Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
| Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5107 |
| Permanent link to this record |
