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ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2019). Measurement of the ratio of cross sections for inclusive isolated-photon production in pp collisions at root s=13 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 093–47pp.
Abstract: The ratio of the cross sections for inclusive isolated-photon production in pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 13 and 8 TeV is measured using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The integrated luminosities of the 13 TeV and 8 TeV datasets are 3.2 fb(-1) and 20.2 fb(-1), respectively. The ratio is measured as a function of the photon transverse energy in different regions of the photon pseudorapidity. The predictions from next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations are compared with the measured ratio. The experimental systematic uncertainties as well as the uncertainties affecting the predictions are evaluated taking into account the correlations between the two centre-of-mass energies, resulting in a reduction of up to a factor of 2.5 (5) in the experimental (theoretical) systematic uncertainties. The predictions based on several parameterisations of the proton parton distribution functions agree with the data within the reduced experimental and theoretical uncertainties. In addition, this ratio to that of the fiducial cross sections for Z boson production at 13 and 8 TeV using the decay channels Z e(+)e(-) and Z (+-) is made and compared with the theoretical predictions. In this double ratio, a further reduction of the experimental uncertainty is obtained because the uncertainties arising from the luminosity measurement cancel out. The predictions describe the measurements of the double ratio within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., et al. (2019). Observation of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Xi(+)(c) -> p phi. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 084–18pp.
Abstract: The doubly Cabibbo- suppressed decay Xi(+)(c) -> p phi with ! K+K is observed for the fi rst time, with a statistical signi fi cance of more than fi fteen standard deviations. The data sample used in this analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb recorded with the LHCb detector in pp collisions at a centre- of- mass energy of 8TeV. The ratio of branching fractions between the decay + c ! p and the singly Cabibbo- suppressed decay + c ! pK is measured to be B (Xi(+)(c) -> p phi) B (Xi(+)(c) -> p phi) = (19 : 8 0 : 7 0 : 9 0 : 2) 10 where the fi rst uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third due to the knowledge of the Xi(+)(c) -> pK(+)pi(+) branching fraction.
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NEXT Collaboration(Fernandes, A. F. M. et al), Alvarez, V., Benlloch-Rodriguez, J. M., Carcel, S., Carrion, J. V., Diaz, J., et al. (2020). Low-diffusion Xe-He gas mixtures for rare-event detection: electroluminescence yield. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 034–18pp.
Abstract: High pressure xenon Time Projection Chambers (TPC) based on secondary scintillation (electroluminescence) signal amplification are being proposed for rare event detection such as directional dark matter, double electron capture and double beta decay detection. The discrimination of the rare event through the topological signature of primary ionisation trails is a major asset for this type of TPC when compared to single liquid or double-phase TPCs, limited mainly by the high electron diffusion in pure xenon. Helium admixtures with xenon can be an attractive solution to reduce the electron diffu- sion significantly, improving the discrimination efficiency of these optical TPCs. We have measured the electroluminescence (EL) yield of Xe-He mixtures, in the range of 0 to 30% He and demonstrated the small impact on the EL yield of the addition of helium to pure xenon. For a typical reduced electric field of 2.5 kV/cm/bar in the EL region, the EL yield is lowered by similar to 2%, 3%, 6% and 10% for 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% of helium concentration, respectively. This decrease is less than what has been obtained from the most recent simulation framework in the literature. The impact of the addition of helium on EL statistical fluctuations is negligible, within the experimental uncertainties. The present results are an important benchmark for the simulation tools to be applied to future optical TPCs based on Xe-He mixtures.
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Folgado, M. G., Donini, A., & Rius, N. (2020). Gravity-mediated dark matter in clockwork/linear dilaton extra-dimensions. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 036–46pp.
Abstract: We study for the first time the possibility that Dark Matter (represented by particles with spin 0, 1/2 or 1) interacts gravitationally with Standard Model particles in an extra-dimensional Clockwork/Linear Dilaton model. We assume that both, the Dark Matter and the Standard Model, are localized in the IR-brane and only interact via gravitational mediators, namely the Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton and the radion/KK-dilaton modes. We analyse in detail the Dark Matter annihilation channel into Standard Model particles and into two on-shell Kaluza-Klein towers (either two KK-gravitons, or two radion/KK- dilatons, or one of each), finding that it is possible to obtain the observed relic abundance via thermal freeze-out for Dark Matter masses in the range m(DM) is an element of [1, 15] TeV for a 5- dimensional gravitational scale M-5 ranging from 5 to a few hundreds of TeV, even after taking into account the bounds from LHC Run II and irrespectively of the DM particle spin.
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Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Casas, J. A., Quilis, J., & Ruiz de Austri, R. (2020). Multilepton dark matter signals. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 069–24pp.
Abstract: The signatures of dark matter at the LHC commonly involve, in simplified scenarios, the production of a single particle plus large missing energy, from the undetected dark matter. However, in Z ' -portal scenarios anomaly cancellation requires the presence of extra dark leptons in the dark sector. We investigate the signatures of the minimal scenarios of this kind, which involve cascade decays of the extra Z ' boson into the dark leptons, identifying a four-lepton signal as the most promising one. We estimate the sensitivity to this signal at the LHC, the high-luminosity LHC upgrade, a possible high-energy upgrade, as well as a future circular collider. For Z ' couplings compatible with current dijet constraints the multilepton signals can reach the 5 sigma level already at Run 2 of the LHC. At future colliders, couplings two orders of magnitude smaller than the electroweak coupling can be probed with 5 sigma sensitivity.
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Baglio, J., Campanario, F., Glaus, S., Muhlleitner, M., Ronca, J., Spira, M., et al. (2020). Higgs-pair production via gluon fusion at hadron colliders: NLO QCD corrections. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 181–50pp.
Abstract: Higgs-pair production via gluon fusion is the dominant production mechanism of Higgs-boson pairs at hadron colliders. In this work, we present details of our numerical determination of the full next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD corrections to the leading top-quark loops. Since gluon fusion is a loop-induced process at leading order, the NLO calculation requires the calculation of massive two-loop diagrams with up to four different mass/energy scales involved. With the current methods, this can only be done numerically, if no approximations are used. We discuss the setup and details of our numerical integration. This will be followed by a phenomenological analysis of the NLO corrections and their impact on the total cross section and the invariant Higgs-pair mass distribution. The last part of our work will be devoted to the determination of the residual theoretical uncertainties with special emphasis on the uncertainties originating from the scheme and scale dependence of the (virtual) top mass. The impact of the trilinear Higgs-coupling variation on the total cross section will be discussed.
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Bourguille, B., Nieves, J., & Sanchez, F. (2021). Inclusive and exclusive neutrino-nucleus cross sections and the reconstruction of the interaction kinematics. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 004–42pp.
Abstract: We present a full kinematic analysis of neutrino-nucleus charged current quasielastic interactions based on the Local Fermi Gas model and the Random Phase Approximation. The model was implemented in the NEUT Monte Carlo framework, which allows us to investigate potentially measurable observables, including hadron distributions. We compare the predictions simultaneously to the most recent T2K and MINERvA charged current (CC) inclusive, CC0 pi and transverse kinematic-imbalance variable results. We pursuit a microscopic interpretation of the relevant reaction mechanisms, with the aim to achieving in neutrino oscillation experiments a correct reconstruction of the incoming neutrino kinematics, free of conceptual biasses. Such study is of the utmost importance for the ambitious experimental program which is underway to precisely determine neutrino properties, test the three-generation paradigm, establish the order of mass eigenstates and investigate leptonic CP violation.
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Ramirez-Uribe, S., Hernandez-Pinto, R. J., Rodrigo, G., Sborlini, G. F. R., & Torres Bobadilla, W. J. (2021). Universal opening of four-loop scattering amplitudes to trees. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 129–22pp.
Abstract: The perturbative approach to quantum field theories has made it possible to obtain incredibly accurate theoretical predictions in high-energy physics. Although various techniques have been developed to boost the efficiency of these calculations, some ingredients remain specially challenging. This is the case of multiloop scattering amplitudes that constitute a hard bottleneck to solve. In this paper, we delve into the application of a disruptive technique based on the loop-tree duality theorem, which is aimed at an efficient computation of such objects by opening the loops to nondisjoint trees. We study the multiloop topologies that first appear at four loops and assemble them in a clever and general expression, the (NMLT)-M-4 universal topology. This general expression enables to open any scattering amplitude of up to four loops, and also describes a subset of higher order configurations to all orders. These results confirm the conjecture of a factorized opening in terms of simpler known subtopologies, which also determines how the causal structure of the entire loop amplitude is characterized by the causal structure of its subtopologies. In addition, we confirm that the loop-tree duality representation of the (NMLT)-M-4 universal topology is manifestly free of noncausal thresholds, thus pointing towards a remarkably more stable numerical implementation of multiloop scattering amplitudes.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., et al. (2021). Measurement of CP observables in B-+/- -> D-(*K-)(+/-) and B-+/- -> D-(*())pi(+/-) decays using two-body D final states. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 081–36pp.
Abstract: Measurements of CP observables in B-+/- -> D(*) K-+/- and B-+/- -> D(*) pi(+/-) decays are presented, where D(*) indicates a neutral D or D* meson that is an admixture of meson and anti-meson states. Decays of the D(*) meson to the D pi(0) and D gamma final states are partially reconstructed without inclusion of the neutral pion or photon. Decays of the D meson are reconstructed in the K-+/-pi(-/+), K+K-, and pi(+)pi(-) final states. The analysis uses a sample of charged B mesons produced in proton-proton collisions and collected with the LHCb experiment, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 2.0, 1.0, and 5.7 fb(-1) taken at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13TeV, respectively. The measurements of partially reconstructed B-+/- -> D(*) K-+/- and B-+/- -> D(*)pi(+/-) with D -> K--/+pi(+/-) decays are the first of their kind, and a first observation of the B-+/- -> (D pi(0)) D*pi(+/-) decay is made with a significance of 6.1 standard deviations. All CP observables are measured with world-best precision, and in combination with other LHCb results will provide strong constraints on the CKM angle gamma.
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Hansen, M. T., Romero-Lopez, F., & Sharpe, S. R. (2021). Decay amplitudes to three hadrons from finite-volume matrix elements. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 113–44pp.
Abstract: We derive relations between finite-volume matrix elements and infinite-volume decay amplitudes, for processes with three spinless, degenerate and either identical or non-identical particles in the final state. This generalizes the Lellouch-Luscher relation for two-particle decays and provides a strategy for extracting three-hadron decay amplitudes using lattice QCD. Unlike for two particles, even in the simplest approximation, one must solve integral equations to obtain the physical decay amplitude, a consequence of the nontrivial finite-state interactions. We first derive the result in a simplified theory with three identical particles, and then present the generalizations needed to study phenomenologically relevant three-pion decays. The specific processes we discuss are the CP-violating K -> 3 pi weak decay, the isospin-breaking eta -> 3 pi QCD transition, and the electromagnetic gamma (*) -> 3 pi amplitudes that enter the calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muonic g – 2.
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