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Author Schaffter, T. et al; Albiol, F.; Caballero, L.
Title Evaluation of Combined Artificial Intelligence and Radiologist Assessment to Interpret Screening Mammograms Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication JAMA Network Open Abbreviated Journal JAMA Netw. Open
Volume (up) 3 Issue 3 Pages e200265 - 15pp
Keywords
Abstract Importance Mammography screening currently relies on subjective human interpretation. Artificial intelligence (AI) advances could be used to increase mammography screening accuracy by reducing missed cancers and false positives. Objective To evaluate whether AI can overcome human mammography interpretation limitations with a rigorous, unbiased evaluation of machine learning algorithms. Design, Setting, and Participants In this diagnostic accuracy study conducted between September 2016 and November 2017, an international, crowdsourced challenge was hosted to foster AI algorithm development focused on interpreting screening mammography. More than 1100 participants comprising 126 teams from 44 countries participated. Analysis began November 18, 2016. Main Outcomes and Measurements Algorithms used images alone (challenge 1) or combined images, previous examinations (if available), and clinical and demographic risk factor data (challenge 2) and output a score that translated to cancer yes/no within 12 months. Algorithm accuracy for breast cancer detection was evaluated using area under the curve and algorithm specificity compared with radiologists' specificity with radiologists' sensitivity set at 85.9% (United States) and 83.9% (Sweden). An ensemble method aggregating top-performing AI algorithms and radiologists' recall assessment was developed and evaluated. Results Overall, 144231 screening mammograms from 85580 US women (952 cancer positive <= 12 months from screening) were used for algorithm training and validation. A second independent validation cohort included 166578 examinations from 68008 Swedish women (780 cancer positive). The top-performing algorithm achieved an area under the curve of 0.858 (United States) and 0.903 (Sweden) and 66.2% (United States) and 81.2% (Sweden) specificity at the radiologists' sensitivity, lower than community-practice radiologists' specificity of 90.5% (United States) and 98.5% (Sweden). Combining top-performing algorithms and US radiologist assessments resulted in a higher area under the curve of 0.942 and achieved a significantly improved specificity (92.0%) at the same sensitivity. Conclusions and Relevance While no single AI algorithm outperformed radiologists, an ensemble of AI algorithms combined with radiologist assessment in a single-reader screening environment improved overall accuracy. This study underscores the potential of using machine learning methods for enhancing mammography screening interpretation. Question How do deep learning algorithms perform compared with radiologists in screening mammography interpretation? Findings In this diagnostic accuracy study using 144231 screening mammograms from 85580 women from the United States and 166578 screening mammograms from 68008 women from Sweden, no single artificial intelligence algorithm outperformed US community radiologist benchmarks; including clinical data and prior mammograms did not improve artificial intelligence performance. However, combining best-performing artificial intelligence algorithms with single-radiologist assessment demonstrated increased specificity. Meaning Integrating artificial intelligence to mammography interpretation in single-radiologist settings could yield significant performance improvements, with the potential to reduce health care system expenditures and address resource scarcity experienced in population-based screening programs. This diagnostic accuracy study evaluates whether artificial intelligence can overcome human mammography interpretation limits with a rigorous, unbiased evaluation of machine learning algorithms.
Address [Schaffter, Thomas; Hoff, Bruce; Yu, Thomas; Neto, Elias Chaibub; Friend, Stephen; Guinney, Justin] Sage Bionetworks, Computat Oncol, Seattle, WA USA, Email: gustavo@us.ibm.com
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Amer Medical Assoc Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2574-3805 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000519249800002 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4683
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Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Henry, L.; Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J.
Title Observation of the Bs0 -> (DD -/+)-D-*+/- decay Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 099 - 19pp
Keywords B physics; Branching fraction; Flavor physics; Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)
Abstract A search for the B-s(0) -> D*(+/-) D--/+ decay is performed using proton-proton collision data at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13TeV collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb(-1). The decay is observed with a high significance and its branching fraction relative to the B-0 -> D*(+/-) D--/+ decay is measured to be B(B-s(0) -> D*D-+/-(-/+))/B(B-0 -> D*D-+/-(-/+)) = 0.137 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.002 +/- 0.006, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the uncertainty on the ratio of the B-s(0) and B-0 hadronisation fractions.
Address [Bediaga, I.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Gomes, A.; Massafferri, A.; dos Reis, A. C.; Soares Lavra, L.; Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Email: maria.vieites.diaz@cern.ch
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000627834700001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4748
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Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Henry, L.; Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J.
Title Observation of CP violation in two-body B-(s)(0)-meson decays to charged pions and kaons Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 075 - 43pp
Keywords B physics; CP violation; Flavor physics; Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments); Oscillation
Abstract The time-dependent CP asymmetries of B-0 -> pi(+)pi(-) and B-s(0) -> K+K- decays are measured using a data sample of pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 fb(-1), collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV. The results are C-pi pi = 0.311 +/- 0.045 +/- 0.015; S-pi pi = 0.706 +/- 0.042 +/- 0.013; C-KK = 0.164 +/- 0.034 +/- 0.014; S-KK = 0.123 +/- 0.034 +/- 0.015; A(KK)(Delta Gamma) = -0.83 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.09; where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The same data sample is used to measure the time-integrated CP asymmetries of B-0 -> K + pi(-) and B-s(0) -> K-pi(+) decays and the results are AB(CP)(B0) = -0.0824 +/- 0.0033 +/- 0.0033; A(CP)(Bs0) = 0.236 +/- 0.013 +/- 0.011. All results are consistent with earlier measurements. A combination of LHCb measurements provides the first observation of time-dependent CP violation in B-s(0) decays.
Address [Bediaga, I.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Gomes, A.; Massafferri, A.; dos Reis, A. C.; Soares Lavra, L.; Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Email: maria.vieites.diaz@cern.ch
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000627823100001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4753
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Henry, L.; Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J.
Title Measurement of the CKM angle gamma and Bs0-Bs0bar mixing frequency with Bs0 -> Ds-/+ h +/ pi+/- pi-/+ decays Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 137 - 46pp
Keywords B physics; CKM angle gamma; CP violation; Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments); Oscillation
Abstract The CKM angle gamma is measured for the first time from mixing-induced CP violation between Bs0 -> Ds -/+ K pi +/- pi -/+ and Bs0bar -> Ds +/- K -/+ pi -/+ pi +/- decays reconstructed in proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb(-1) recorded with the LHCb detector. A time-dependent amplitude analysis is performed to extract the CP-violating weak phase gamma – 2 beta (s) and, subsequently, gamma by taking the Bs0-Bs0bar mixing phase beta (s) as an external input. The measurement yields gamma = (44 +/- 12) degrees modulo 180 degrees, where statistical and systematic uncertainties are combined. An alternative model-independent measurement, integrating over the five-dimensional phase space of the decay, yields gamma = (44 -13+20) degrees modulo 180 degrees. Moreover, the Bs0-Bs0bar oscillation frequency is measured from the flavour-specific control channel Bs0 -> Ds- pi+ pi+ pi- to be m(s) = (17.757 +/- 0.007(stat) +/- 0.008(syst)) ps(-1), consistent with and more precise than the current world-average value.
Address [Bediaga, I.; Cruz Torres, M.; De Miranda, J. M.; Gomes, A.; Massafferri, A.; dos Reis, A. C.; Soares Lavra, L.; Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Email: maria.vieites.diaz@cern.ch
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000629837000001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4760
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Author Qin, W.; Dai, L.Y.; Portoles, J.
Title Two and three pseudoscalar production in e(+)e(-) annihilation and their contributions to (g-2)(mu) Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 092 - 38pp
Keywords Phenomenological Models; QCD Phenomenology
Abstract A coherent study of e(+)e(-) annihilation into two (pi(+)pi(-), K+K-) and three (pi(+)pi(-)pi(0), pi(+)pi(-)eta) pseudoscalar meson production is carried out within the framework of resonance chiral theory in energy region E less than or similar to 2 GeV. The work of [L.Y. Dai, J. Portoles, and O. Shekhovtsova, Phys. Rev. D88 (2013) 056001] is revisited with the latest experimental data and a joint analysis of two pseudoscalar meson production. Hence, we evaluate the lowest order hadronic vacuum polarization contributions of those two and three pseudoscalar processes to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. We also estimate some higher-order additions led by the same hadronic vacuum polarization. Combined with the other contributions from the standard model, the theoretical prediction differs still by (21.6 +/- 7.4) x 10(-10) (2.9 sigma) from the experimental value.
Address [Qin, Wen; Dai, Ling-Yun] Hunan Univ, Sch Phys & Elect, Changsha 410082, Peoples R China, Email: wqin@hnu.edu.cn;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000627781500001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4764
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Author Barducci, D.; Bertuzzo, E.; Caputo, A.; Hernandez, P.; Mele, B.
Title The see-saw portal at future Higgs Factories Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 117 - 32pp
Keywords Beyond Standard Model; Higgs Physics; Neutrino Physics
Abstract We consider an extension of the Standard Model with two right-handed singlet fermions with mass at the electroweak scale that induce neutrino masses, plus a generic new physics sector at a higher scale Lambda. We focus on the effective operators of lowest dimension d = 5, which induce new production and decay modes for the singlet fermions. We assess the sensitivity of future Higgs Factories, such as FCC-ee, CLIC-380, ILC and CEPC, to the coefficients of these operators for various center of mass energies. We show that future lepton colliders can test the cut-off of the theory up to Lambda similar or equal to 500-1000 TeV, surpassing the reach of future indirect measurements of the Higgs and Z boson widths. We also comment on the possibility of determining the underlying model flavor structure should a New Physics signal be observed, and on the impact of higher dimensional d = 6 operators on the experimental signatures.
Address [Barducci, Daniele] Univ Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy, Email: daniele.barducci@roma1.infn.it;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000629645800001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4766
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author ATLAS Collaboration (Aad, G. et al); Aparisi Pozo, J.A.; Bailey, A.J.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Cardillo, F.; Castillo, F.L.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Costa, M.J.; Escobar, C.; Estrada Pastor, O.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fullana Torregrosa, E.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Gonzalvo Rodriguez, G.R.; Guerrero Rojas, J.G.R.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Lacasta, C.; Lozano Bahilo, J.J.; Madaffari, D.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Martinez Agullo, P.; Mitsou, V.A.; Moreno Llacer, M.; Poveda, J.; Prades Ibañez, A.; Rodriguez Bosca, S.; Ruiz-Martinez, A.; Sabatini, P.; Salt, J.; Santra, A.; Sayago Galvan, I.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Torro Pastor, E.; Valero, A.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Vos, M.
Title Measurement of light-by-light scattering and search for axion-like particles with 2.2 nb(-1) of Pb+Pb data with the ATLAS detector Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 243 - 45pp
Keywords Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)
Abstract This paper describes a measurement of light-by-light scattering based on Pb+Pb collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment during Run 2 of the LHC. The study uses 2.2 nb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected in 2015 and 2018 at root sNN = 5.02TeV. Light-by-light scattering candidates are selected in events with two photons produced exclusively, each with transverse energy E-T(gamma) > 2.5 GeV, pseudorapidity vertical bar eta(gamma)vertical bar < 2.37, diphoton invariant mass m(gamma gamma) > 5 GeV, and with small diphoton transverse momentum and diphoton acoplanarity. The integrated and differential fiducial cross sections are measured and compared with theoretical predictions. The diphoton invariant mass distribution is used to set limits on the production of axion-like particles. This result provides the most stringent limits to date on axion-like particle production for masses in the range 6-100 GeV. Cross sections above 2 to 70 nb are excluded at the 95% CL in that mass interval.
Address [Abud, A. Abed; Ahmad, A.; Alderweireldt, S.; Aleksa, M.; Allaire, C.; Aranzabal, N.; Armbruster, A. J.; Avolio, G.; Barisits, M-S; Bielski, R.; Bisanz, T.; Boyd, J.; Brenner, L.; Butti, P.; Buttinger, W.; Calace, N.; Camarda, S.; Camincher, C.; Campana, S.; Garrido, M. D. M. Capeans; Carli, T.; Catinaccio, A.; Cattai, A.; Coimbra, A. E. C.; Czodrowski, P.; Dachs, F.; Dao, V; Dell'Acqua, A.; Deviveiros, P. O.; Di Girolamo, A.; Dittus, F.; Ducu, O. A.; Dudarev, A.; Duhrssen, M.; Dyndal, M.; Ellis, N.; Elsing, M.; Falke, S.; Farthouat, P.; Fassnacht, P.; Francis, D.; Froidevaux, D.; Gabrielli, A.; Goossens, L.; Gorini, B.; Guindon, S.; Hawkings, R. J.; Heinrich, L.; Helsens, C.; Correia, A. M. Henriques; Hervas, L.; Hoecker, A.; Huhtinen, M.; Iengo, P.; Jenni, P.; Jovicevic, J.; Kiehn, M.; Klimek, P.; Klioutchnikova, T.; Kohler, N. M.; Krasznahorkay, A.; Kuehn, S.; Kuwertz, E. S.; Lassnig, M.; Miotto, G. Lehmann; Longo, L.; Marzin, A.; Meehan, S.; Meng, L.; Berlingen, J. Montejo; Morley, A. K.; Mornacchi, G.; Moschovakos, P.; Nairz, A. M.; Nessi, M.; Nordberg, M.; Palestini, S.; Pauly, T.; Pernegger, H.; Perrella, S.; Petersen, B. A.; Pontecorvo, L.; Astigarraga, M. E. Pozo; Queitsch-Maitland, M.; Raymond, M.; Rembser, C.; Rizzi, C.; Roe, S.; Rummler, A.; Saimpert, M.; Salzburger, A.; Samarati, J.; Pineda, A. Sanchez; Schlenker, S.; Schovancova, J.; Sharma, A.; Sidiropoulou, O.; Oliveira, M. V. Silva; Sanchez, C. A. Solans; Spigo, G.; Stewart, G. A.; Stockton, M. C.; Ten Kate, H.; Unal, G.; Vafeiadis, T.; Vallier, A.; Vandelli, W.; Schroeder, T. Vazquez; Vuillermet, R.; Wells, P. S.; Wengler, T.; Wenig, S.; Wilkens, H. G.; Young, C. J. S.; Zambito, S.; Zanzi, D.; Zwalinski, L.; ATLAS Collaboration] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000634886800001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4768
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Escribano, P.; Vicente, A.
Title Ultralight scalars in leptonic observables Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 240 - 37pp
Keywords Beyond Standard Model; CP violation; Neutrino Physics
Abstract Many new physics scenarios contain ultralight scalars, states which are either exactly massless or much lighter than any other massive particle in the model. Axions and majorons constitute well-motivated examples of this type of particle. In this work, we explore the phenomenology of these states in low-energy leptonic observables. After adopting a model independent approach that includes both scalar and pseudoscalar interactions, we briefly discuss the current limits on the diagonal couplings to charged leptons and consider processes in which the ultralight scalar phi is directly produced, such as μ-> e phi, or acts as a mediator, as in tau -> μμmu. Contributions to the charged leptons magnetic and electric moments are studied as well.
Address [Escribano, Pablo; Vicente, Avelino] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain, Email: pablo.escribano@ific.uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000635264700005 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration no
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4769
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Centelles Chulia, S.; Srivastava, R.; Vicente, A.
Title The inverse seesaw family: Dirac and Majorana Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 248 - 29pp
Keywords Beyond Standard Model; Neutrino Physics; Global Symmetries
Abstract After developing a general criterion for deciding which neutrino mass models belong to the category of inverse seesaw models, we apply it to obtain the Dirac analogue of the canonical Majorana inverse seesaw model. We then generalize the inverse seesaw model and obtain a class of inverse seesaw mechanisms both for Majorana and Dirac neutrinos. We further show that many of the models have double or multiple suppressions coming from tiny symmetry breaking “mu -parameters”. These models can be tested both in colliders and with the observation of lepton flavour violating processes.
Address [Centelles Chulia, Salvador; Vicente, Avelino] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, AHEP Grp, Parc Cientif Paterna,C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain, Email: salcen@ific.uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000635241800001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4772
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Mandal, S.; Srivastava, R.; Valle, J.W.F.
Title Electroweak symmetry breaking in the inverse seesaw mechanism Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume (up) 03 Issue 3 Pages 212 - 28pp
Keywords Beyond Standard Model; Neutrino Physics
Abstract We investigate the stability of Higgs potential in inverse seesaw models. We derive the full two-loop RGEs of the relevant parameters, such as the quartic Higgs self-coupling, taking thresholds into account. We find that for relatively large Yukawa couplings the Higgs quartic self-coupling goes negative well below the Standard Model instability scale similar to 10(10) GeV. We show, however, that the “dynamical” inverse seesaw with spontaneous lepton number violation can lead to a completely consistent and stable Higgs vacuum up to the Planck scale.
Address [Mandal, Sanjoy; Valle, Jose W. F.] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, AHEP Grp, CSIC, Parc Cient Paterna,C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain, Email: smandal@ific.uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000634824700004 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4780
Permanent link to this record