Abstract: The NEXT experiment aims at searching for the hypothetical neutrinoless double-beta decay from the Xe-136 isotope using a high-purity xenon TPC. Efficient discrimination of the events through pattern recognition of the topology of primary ionisation tracks is a major requirement for the experiment. However, it is limited by the diffusion of electrons. It is known that the addition of a small fraction of a molecular gas to xenon reduces electron diffusion. On the other hand, the electroluminescence (EL) yield drops and the achievable energy resolution may be compromised. We have studied the effect of adding several molecular gases to xenon (CO2, CH4 and CF4) on the EL yield and energy resolution obtained in a small prototype of driftless gas proportional scintillation counter. We have compared our results on the scintillation characteristics (EL yield and energy resolution) with a microscopic simulation, obtaining the diffusion coefficients in those conditions as well. Accordingly, electron diffusion may be reduced from about 10 for pure xenon down to 2.5 using additive concentrations of about 0.05%, 0.2% and 0.02% for CO2, CH4 and CF4, respectively. Our results show that CF4 admixtures present the highest EL yield in those conditions, but very poor energy resolution as a result of huge fluctuations observed in the EL formation. CH4 presents the best energy resolution despite the EL yield being the lowest. The results obtained with xenon admixtures are extrapolated to the operational conditions of the NEXT-100 TPC. CO2 and CH4 show potential as molecular additives in a large xenon TPC. While CO2 has some operational constraints, making it difficult to be used in a large TPC, CH4 shows the best performance and stability as molecular additive to be used in the NEXT-100 TPC, with an extrapolated energy resolution of 0.4% at 2.45 MeV for concentrations below 0.4%, which is only slightly worse than the one obtained for pure xenon. We demonstrate the possibility to have an electroluminescence TPC operating very close to the thermal diffusion limit without jeopardizing the TPC performance, if CO2 or CH4 are chosen as additives.

Abstract: A search for B+ -> D-s(+) K+ K- decays is performed using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 fb(-1), collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV with the LHCb experiment. A significant signal is observed for the first time and the branching fraction is determined to be B(B+ -> D-s(+) K+ K-) = (7.1 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.6 +/- 0.7) x 10(-6), where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third due to the uncertainty on the branching fraction of the normalisation mode B+ -> D-s(+)(D) over bar (0). A search is also performed for the pure annihilation decay B+ -> D-s(+)(D) over bar (0). No significant signal is observed and a limit of B(B+ -> D-s(+) phi) < 4.9 x 10(-7) (4.2 x 10(-7)) is set on the branching fraction at 95% (90%) confidence level.

Abstract: A test of lepton universality, performed by measuring the ratio of the branching fractions of the B-0 -> K*(0)mu(+) mu(-) and B-0 -> K*e(+)e(-) decays, R-K*0, is presented. The K*(0) meson is reconstructed in the final state K+pi(-), which is required to have an invariant mass within 100 MeV/c(2) of the known K*(892)(0) mass. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 3 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The ratio is measured in two regions of the dilepton invariant mass squared, q(2), to be R-K*0 – {0.66(-0.007)(+0.11)(stat) +/- 0.03(syst) for 0.045 < q(2) < GeV2/c(4), 0.69(-0.07)(+0.11)(stat) +/- 0.05(syst) for 1.1 < q(2) < 6.0 GeV2/c(4). The corresponding 95.4% confidence level intervals are [0.52, 0.89] and [0.53, 0.94]. The results, which represent the most precise measurements of R-K*0 to date, are compatible with the Standard Model expectations at the level of 2.1-2.3 and 2.4-2.5 standard deviations in the two q(2) regions, respectively.

Abstract: A search for the non-resonant decays B-s(0) -> mu(+) mu(-) mu(+)mu(-) and B-0 -> mu(+) mu(-) mu(+) mu(-) is presented. The measurement is performed using the full Run 1 data set collected in proton-proton collisions by the LHCb experiment at the LHC. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 1 and 2 fb(-1) collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, respectively. No signal is observed and upper limits on the branching fractions of the non-resonant decays at 95% confidence level are determined to be B(B-s(0) -> mu(+) mu(-) mu(+)mu(-)) < 2.5 x 10(-9) B(B-0 -> mu(+) mu(-) mu(+) mu(-)) < 6.9 x 10(-10)

Abstract: A measurement of the differential branching fraction of the decay B-0 -> K* (892)(0) mu(+)mu(-) is presented together with a determination of the S-wave fraction of the K+ pi(-) system in the decay B-0 -> K+ pi-mu(+)mu(-). The analysis is based on pp-collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb(-1) collected with the LHCb experiment. The measurements are made in bins of the invariant mass squared of the dimuon system, q(2). Precise theoretical predictions for the differential branching fraction of B-0 -> K* (892)(0) mu(+) mu(-) decays are available for the q(2) region 1.1 < q(2) < 6.0 GeV2/c(4). In this q(2) region, for the K+pi(-) invariant mass range 796 < m(K pi) < 996MeV/c(2), the S-wave fraction of the K+pi(-) system in B-0 -> K+pi(-)mu(+)mu(-) decays is found to be F-S – 0.101 +/- 0.017(stat) +/- 0: 009(syst), and the differential branching fraction of B-0 -> K* (892)(0) mu(+)mu(-) decays is determined to be dB/dq(2) = (0.392(-0.019)(+ 0.020)(stat) +/- 0.010(syst) +/- 0.027(norm)) x 10(-7) c(4)/GeV2. The differential branching fraction measurements presented are the most precise to date and are found to be in agreement with Standard Model predictions.