|
Records |
Links ![sorted by URL field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
|
Author |
Candela-Juan, C.; Vijande, J.; Garcia-Martinez, T.; Niatsetski, Y.; Nauta, G.; Schuurman, J.; Ouhib, Z.; Ballester, F.; Perez-Calatayud, J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Comparison and uncertainty evaluation of different calibration protocols and ionization chambers for low-energy surface brachytherapy dosimetry |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
42 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
4954-4964 |
|
|
Keywords |
x-ray beams; electronic brachytherapy; surface applicators; dosimetry; uncertainty |
|
|
Abstract |
Purpose: A surface electronic brachytherapy (EBT) device is in fact an x-ray source collimated with specific applicators. Low-energy (<100 kVp) x-ray beam dosimetry faces several challenges that need to be addressed. A number of calibration protocols have been published for x-ray beam dosimetry. The media in which measurements are performed are the fundamental difference between them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface dose rate of a low-energy x-ray source with small field applicators using different calibration standards and different small-volume ionization chambers, comparing the values and uncertainties of each methodology. Methods: The surface dose rate of the EBT unit Esteya (Elekta Brachytherapy, The Netherlands), a 69.5 kVp x-ray source with applicators of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mm diameter, was evaluated using the AAPM TG-61 (based on air kerma) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) TRS-398 (based on absorbed dose to water) dosimetry protocols for low-energy photon beams. A plane parallel T34013 ionization chamber (PTW Freiburg, Germany) calibrated in terms of both absorbed dose to water and air kerma was used to compare the two dosimetry protocols. Another PTW chamber of the same model was used to evaluate the reproducibility between these chambers. Measurements were also performed with two different Exradin A20 (Standard Imaging, Inc., Middleton, WI) chambers calibrated in terms of air kerma. Results: Differences between surface dose rates measured in air and in water using the T34013 chamber range from 1.6% to 3.3%. No field size dependence has been observed. Differences are below 3.7% when measurements with the A20 and the T34013 chambers calibrated in air are compared. Estimated uncertainty (with coverage factor k = 1) for the T34013 chamber calibrated in water is 2.2%-2.4%, whereas it increases to 2.5% and 2.7% for the A20 and T34013 chambers calibrated in air, respectively. The output factors, measured with the PTW chambers, differ by less than 1.1% for any applicator size when compared to the output factors that were measured with the A20 chamber. Conclusions: Measurements using both dosimetric protocols are consistent, once the overall uncertainties are considered. There is also consistency between measurements performed with both chambers calibrated in air. Both the T34013 and A20 chambers have negligible stem effect. Any x-ray surface brachytherapy system, including Esteya, can be characterized using either one of these calibration protocols and ionization chambers. Having less correction factors, lower uncertainty, and based on measurements, performed in closer to clinical conditions, the TRS-398 protocol seems to be the preferred option. |
|
|
Address |
[Candela-Juan, C.; Perez-Calatayud, J.] La Fe Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Valencia 46026, Spain, Email: ccanjuan@gmail.com |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
WOS:000358933000051 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2323 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ballester, F.; Tedgren, A.C.; Granero, D.; Haworth, A.; Mourtada, F.; Fonseca, G.P.; Zourari, K.; Papagiannis, P.; Rivard, M.J.; Siebert, F.A.; Sloboda, R.S.; Smith, R.L.; Thomson, R.M.; Verhaegen, F.; Vijande, J.; Ma, Y.Z.; Beaulieu, L. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
A generic high-dose rate Ir-192 brachytherapy source for evaluation of model-based dose calculations beyond the TG-43 formalism |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
42 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
3048-3062 |
|
|
Keywords |
Ir-192; HDR brachytherapy; Monte Carlo methods; model-based dose calculation; TG-186 |
|
|
Abstract |
Purpose: In order to facilitate a smooth transition for brachytherapy dose calculations from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group No. 43 (TG-43) formalism to model-based dose calculation algorithms (MBDCAs), treatment planning systems (TPSs) using a MBDCA require a set of well-defined test case plans characterized by Monte Carlo (MC) methods. This also permits direct dose comparison to TG-43 reference data. Such test case plans should be made available for use in the software commissioning process performed by clinical end users. To this end, a hypothetical, generic high-dose rate (HDR) Ir-192 source and a virtual water phantom were designed, which can be imported into a TPS. Methods: A hypothetical, generic HDR Ir-192 source was designed based on commercially available sources as well as a virtual, cubic water phantom that can be imported into any TPS in DICOM format. The dose distribution of the generic Ir-192 source when placed at the center of the cubic phantom, and away from the center under altered scatter conditions, was evaluated using two commercial MBDCAs [Oncentra (R) Brachy with advanced collapsed-cone engine (ACE) and BrachyVision AcuRos (TM)]. Dose comparisons were performed using state-of-the-art MC codes for radiation transport, including ALGEBRA, BrachyDose, GEANT4, MCNP5, MCNP6, and pENELopE2008. The methodologies adhered to recommendations in the AAPM TG-229 report on high-energy brachytherapy source dosimetry. TG-43 dosimetry parameters, an along-away dose-rate table, and primary and scatter separated (PSS) data were obtained. The virtual water phantom of (201)(3) voxels (1 mm sides) was used to evaluate the calculated dose distributions. Two test case plans involving a single position of the generic HDR Ir-192 source in this phantom were prepared: (i) source centered in the phantom and (ii) source displaced 7 cm laterally from the center. Datasets were independently produced by different investigators. MC results were then compared against dose calculated using TG-43 and MBDCA methods. Results: TG-43 and PSS datasets were generated for the generic source, the PSS data for use with the ACE algorithm. The dose-rate constant values obtained from seven MC simulations, performed independently using different codes, were in excellent agreement, yielding an average of 1.1109 +/- 0.0004 cGy/(h U) (k = 1, Type A uncertainty). MC calculated dose-rate distributions for the two plans were also found to be in excellent agreement, with differences within type A uncertainties. Differences between commercial MBDCA and MC results were test, position, and calculation parameter dependent. On average, however, these differences were within 1% for ACUROS and 2% for ACE at clinically relevant distances. Conclusions: A hypothetical, generic HDR Ir-192 source was designed and implemented in two commercially available TPSs employing different MBDCAs. Reference dose distributions for this source were benchmarked and used for the evaluation of MBDCA calculations employing a virtual, cubic water phantom in the form of a CT DICOM image series. The implementation of a generic source of identical design in all TPSs using MBDCAs is an important step toward supporting univocal commissioning procedures and direct comparisons between TPSs. |
|
|
Address |
[Ballester, Facundo] Univ Valencia, Dept Atom Mol & Nucl Phys, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Facundo.Ballester@uv.es |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
WOS:000356998300031 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2315 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Granero, D.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Vijande, J.; Ballester, F.; Rivard, M.J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Limitations of the TG-43 formalism for skin high-dose-rate brachytherapy dose calculations |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
021703 - 8pp |
|
|
Keywords |
HDR; brachytherapy; skin; Monte Carlo; Geant4; Co-60; Ir-192; Yb-169 |
|
|
Abstract |
Purpose: In skin high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, sources are located outside, in contact with, or implanted at some depth below the skin surface. Most treatment planning systems use the TG-43 formalism, which is based on single-source dose superposition within an infinite water medium without accounting for the true geometry in which conditions for scattered radiation are altered by the presence of air. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dosimetric limitations of the TG-43 formalism in HDR skin brachytherapy and the potential clinical impact. Methods: Dose rate distributions of typical configurations used in skin brachytherapy were obtained: a 5 cm x 5 cm superficial mould; a source inside a catheter located at the skin surface with and without backscatter bolus; and a typical interstitial implant consisting of an HDR source in a catheter located at a depth of 0.5 cm. Commercially available HDR Co-60 and Ir-192 sources and a hypothetical Yb-169 source were considered. The Geant4Monte Carlo radiation transport code was used to estimate dose rate distributions for the configurations considered. These results were then compared to those obtained with the TG-43 dose calculation formalism. In particular, the influence of adding bolus material over the implant was studied. Results: For a 5 cm x 5 cm Ir-192 superficial mould and 0.5 cm prescription depth, dose differences in comparison to the TG-43 method were about -3%. When the source was positioned at the skin surface, dose differences were smaller than -1% for Co-60 and Ir-192, yet -3% for Yb-169. For the interstitial implant, dose differences at the skin surface were -7% for Co-60, -0.6% for Ir-192, and -2.5% for Yb-169. Conclusions: This study indicates the following: (i) for the superficial mould, no bolus is needed; (ii) when the source is in contact with the skin surface, no bolus is needed for either Co-60 and Ir-192. For lower energy radionuclides like Yb-169, bolus may be needed; and (iii) for the interstitial case, at least a 0.1 cm bolus is advised for Co-60 to avoid underdosing superficial target layers. For Ir-192 and Yb-169, no bolus is needed. For those cases where no bolus is needed, its use might be detrimental as the lack of radiation scatter may be beneficial to the patient, although the 2% tolerance for dose calculation accuracy recommended in the AAPM TG-56 report is not fulfilled. |
|
|
Address |
[Granero, Domingo] Hosp Gen Univ, ERESA, Dept Radiat Phys, Valencia 46014, Spain, Email: dgranero@eresa.com |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
WOS:000331213300006 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1704 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Granero, D.; Vijande, J.; Ballester, F.; Rivard, M.J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Dosimetry revisited for the HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy source model mHDR-v2 |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
38 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
487-494 |
|
|
Keywords |
Ir-192; brachytherapy; dosimetry; TG-43; PSS model; MCNP5; PENELOPE2008; GEANT4 |
|
|
Abstract |
Purpose: Recently, the manufacturer of the HDR Ir-192 mHDR-v2 brachytherapy source reported small design changes (referred to herein as mHDR-v2r) that are within the manufacturing tolerances but may alter the existing dosimetric data for this source. This study aimed to (1) check whether these changes affect the existing dosimetric data published for this source; (2) obtain new dosimetric data in close proximity to the source, including the contributions from 192Ir electrons and considering the absence of electronic equilibrium; and (3) obtain scatter dose components for collapsed cone treatment planning system implementation. Methods: Three different Monte Carlo (MC) radiation transport codes were used: MCNP5, PENELOPE2008, and GEANT4. The source was centrally positioned in a 40 cm radius water phantom. Absorbed dose and collision kerma were obtained using 0.1 mm (0.5 mm) thick voxels to provide high-resolution dosimetry near (far from) the source. Dose-rate distributions obtained with the three MC codes were compared. Results: Simulations of mHDR-v2 and mHDR-v2r designs performed with three radiation transport codes showed agreement typically within 0.2% for r >= 0.25 cm. Dosimetric contributions from source electrons were significant for r<0.25 cm. The dose-rate constant and radial dose function were similar to those from previous MC studies of the mHDR-v2 design. The 2D anisotropy function also coincided with that of the mHDR-v2 design for r >= 0.25 cm. Detailed results of dose distributions and scatter components are presented for the modified source design. Conclusions: Comparison of these results to prior MC studies showed agreement typically within 0.5% for r >= 0.25 cm. If dosimetric data for r<0.25 cm are not needed, dosimetric results from the prior MC studies will be adequate. c 2011 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. |
|
|
Address |
[Granero, Domingo] Hosp Gen Univ, Dept Radiat Phys, ERESA, E-46014 Valencia, Spain, Email: dgranero@eresa.com |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
ISI:000285769800050 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
557 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Aguiar, P.; Rafecas, M.; Ortuño, J.E.; Kontaxakis, G.; Santos, A.; Pavia, J.; Rosetti, M. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Geometrical and Monte Carlo projectors in 3D PET reconstruction |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
5691-5702 |
|
|
Keywords |
3D PET; iterative reconstruction; list-mode reconstruction; ray-tracing techniques; Monte Carlo simulation; system response matrix |
|
|
Abstract |
Purpose: In the present work, the authors compare geometrical and Monte Carlo projectors in detail. The geometrical projectors considered were the conventional geometrical Siddon ray-tracer (S-RT) and the orthogonal distance-based ray-tracer (OD-RT), based on computing the orthogonal distance from the center of image voxel to the line-of-response. A comparison of these geometrical projectors was performed using different point spread function (PSF) models. The Monte Carlo-based method under consideration involves an extensive model of the system response matrix based on Monte Carlo simulations and is computed off-line and stored on disk. Methods: Comparisons were performed using simulated and experimental data of the commercial small animal PET scanner rPET. Results: The results demonstrate that the orthogonal distance-based ray-tracer and Siddon ray-tracer using PSF image-space convolutions yield better images in terms of contrast and spatial resolution than those obtained after using the conventional method and the multiray-based S-RT. Furthermore, the Monte Carlo-based method yields slight improvements in terms of contrast and spatial resolution with respect to these geometrical projectors. Conclusions: The orthogonal distance-based ray-tracer and Siddon ray-tracer using PSF image-space convolutions represent satisfactory alternatives to factorizing the system matrix or to the conventional on-the-fly ray-tracing methods for list-mode reconstruction, where an extensive modeling based on Monte Carlo simulations is unfeasible. |
|
|
Address |
[Aguiar, Pablo] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Fis Particulas, Complexo Hosp Univ Santiago de Compostela, Fdn IDICHUS IDIS, Santiago De Compostela, Spain, Email: pablo.aguiar.fernandez@sergas.es |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
ISI:000283747600015 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
338 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ballester, F.; Granero, D.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Venselaar, J.L.M.; Rivard, M.J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Study of encapsulated Tm-170 sources for their potential use in brachytherapy |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1629-1637 |
|
|
Keywords |
brachytherapy; cancer; dosimetry; prosthetics; radioisotopes; thulium |
|
|
Abstract |
Methods: The authors have assumed a theoretical Tm-170 cylindrical source encapsulated with stainless steel and typical dimensions taken from the currently available HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy sources. The dose-rate distribution was calculated for this source using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo (MC) code considering both photon and electron Tm-170 spectra. The AAPM TG-43 U1 brachytherapy dosimetry parameters were derived. To study general properties of Tm-170 encapsulated sources, spherical sources encapsulated with stainless steel and platinum were also studied. Moreover, the influence of small variations in the active core and capsule dimensions on the dosimetric characteristics was assessed. Treatment times required for a Tm-170 source were compared to those for Ir-192 and Yb-169 for the same contained activity. Results: Due to the energetic beta spectrum and the large electron yield, the bremsstrahlung contribution to the dose was of the same order of magnitude as from the emitted gammas and characteristic x rays. Moreover, the electron spectrum contribution to the dose was significant up to 4 mm from the source center compared to the photon contribution. The dose-rate constant Lambda of the cylindrical source was 1.23 cGy h(-1) U-1. The behavior of the radial dose function showed promise for applications in brachytherapy. Due to the electron spectrum, the anisotropy was large for r < 6 mm. Variations in manufacturing tolerances did not significantly influence the final dosimetry data when expressed in cGy h(-1) U-1. For typical capsule dimensions, maximum reference dose rates of about 0.2, 10, and 2 Gy min(-1) would then be obtained for Tm-170, Ir-192, and Yb-169, respectively, resulting in treatment times greater than those for HDR Ir-192 brachytherapy. Conclusions: The dosimetric characteristics of source designs exploiting the low photon energy of Tm-170 were studied for potential application in HDR-brachytherapy. Dose-rate distributions were obtained for cylindrical and simplified spherical Tm-170 source designs (stainless steel and platinum capsule materials) using MC calculations. Despite the high activity of Tm-170, calculated treatment times were much longer than for Ir-192. |
|
|
Address |
[Ballester, Facundo] Univ Valencia, Dept Atom Mol & Nucl Phys, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: fballest@uv.es |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
ISI:000276211200027 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
478 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Rivard, M.J.; Granero, D.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Ballester, F. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Influence of photon energy spectra from brachytherapy sources on Monte Carlo simulations of kerma and dose rates in water and air |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
|
|
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
869-876 |
|
|
Keywords |
biomedical materials; brachytherapy; dosimetry; iodine; iridium; Monte Carlo methods; palladium; radioisotopes |
|
|
Abstract |
Methods: For Ir-192, I-125, and Pd-103, the authors considered from two to five published spectra. Spherical sources approximating common brachytherapy sources were assessed. Kerma and dose results from GEANT4, MCNP5, and PENELOPE-2008 were compared for water and air. The dosimetric influence of Ir-192, I-125, and Pd-103 spectral choice was determined. Results: For the spectra considered, there were no statistically significant differences between kerma or dose results based on Monte Carlo code choice when using the same spectrum. Water-kerma differences of about 2%, 2%, and 0.7% were observed due to spectrum choice for Ir-192, I-125, and Pd-103, respectively (independent of radial distance), when accounting for photon yield per Bq. Similar differences were observed for air-kerma rate. However, their ratio (as used in the dose-rate constant) did not significantly change when the various photon spectra were selected because the differences compensated each other when dividing dose rate by air-kerma strength. Conclusions: Given the standardization of radionuclide data available from the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) and the rigorous infrastructure for performing and maintaining the data set evaluations, NNDC spectra are suggested for brachytherapy simulations in medical physics applications. |
|
|
Address |
[Rivard, Mark J.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Boston, MA 02111 USA, Email: mrivard@tuftsmedicalcenter.org |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
ISI:000274075600048 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ elepoucu @ |
Serial |
504 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Alves Garre, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V.; Colomer, M.; Corredoira, I; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Khan Chowdhury, N.R.; Manczak, J.; Muñoz Perez, D.; Palacios Gonzalez, J.; Pieterse, C.; Real, D.; Salesa Greus, F.; Thakore, T.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Architecture and performance of the KM3NeT front-end firmware |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments and Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst. |
|
|
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
016001 - 24pp |
|
|
Keywords |
neutrino telescope; acquisition firmware; time to digital converters; KM3NeT |
|
|
Abstract |
The KM3NeT infrastructure consists of two deep-sea neutrino telescopes being deployed in the Mediterranean Sea. The telescopes will detect extraterrestrial and atmospheric neutrinos by means of the incident photons induced by the passage of relativistic charged particles through the seawater as a consequence of a neutrino interaction. The telescopes are configured in a three-dimensional grid of digital optical modules, each hosting 31 photomultipliers. The photomultiplier signals produced by the incident Cherenkov photons are converted into digital information consisting of the integrated pulse duration and the time at which it surpasses a chosen threshold. The digitization is done by means of time to digital converters (TDCs) embedded in the field programmable gate array of the central logic board. Subsequently, a state machine formats the acquired data for its transmission to shore. We present the architecture and performance of the front-end firmware consisting of the TDCs and the state machine. |
|
|
Address |
[Aiello, Sebastiano; Leonora, Emanuele; Longhitano, Fabio; Randazzo, Nunzio] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Catania, Italy, Email: dacaldia@ific.uv.es; |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Spie-Soc Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
2329-4124 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
WOS:000636679100031 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4784 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Clausse, A.; Soto, L.; Tarifeño-Saldivia, A. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Influence of the Anode Length on the Neutron Emission of a 50 J Plasma Focus: Modeling and Experiment |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. |
|
|
Volume |
43 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
629-636 |
|
|
Keywords |
Anode; fusion neutrons; modeling; plasma focus (PF); plasma pinch |
|
|
Abstract |
A comprehensive set of electric data measured in a small plasma focus (PF) device of 50 J correlated with the corresponding neutron emissions is taken as the base for developing a semiempirical model of the current sheet dynamics and the neutron yield. The model is able to explain the dependence of the neutron yield with the pressure and anode length with good accuracy, and suggests a physical interpretation of the drive parameter commonly used in PF design. |
|
|
Address |
[Clausse, Alejandro] Natl Univ Cent Buenos Aires, Natl Atom Energy Commiss, Natl Sci & Tech Res Council, RA-7000 Tandil, Argentina, Email: clausse@exa.unicen.edu.ar; |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0093-3813 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
WOS:000352084400021 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2186 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Real, D.; Calvo, D.; Diaz, A.; Alves Garre, S.; Carretero, V.; Sanchez Losa, A.; Salesa Greus, F. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
An Ultra-Narrow Time Optical Pulse Emitter Based on a Laser: UNTOPEL |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. |
|
|
Volume |
70 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2364-2372 |
|
|
Keywords |
Instrumentation electronics; neutrino telescope instrumentation; subnanosecond light source; time calibration instrument |
|
|
Abstract |
Light sources that emit repetitive subnanosecond pulses are used in neutrino telescopes for time calibration. Optical pulses with an ultra-narrow (subnanosecond) width can replicate the light produced by neutrino interactions, and are an important calibration and test element. By measuring the time-of-flight of the light, it is possible to provide a relative time calibration for all the detector photomultipliers. This work presents the ultra-narrow time optical pulse emitter based on a laser (UNTOPEL), an instrument emitting ultra-short laser optical pulses with a duration of 500 ps, energies per pulse of four microjoules at a wavelength of 532 nm, and a timing precision of 400 ps. The UNTOPEL pulse intensity can be fine-tuned, which is a novelty and a significant advantage in those applications that need to illuminate light detectors located at different distances with the same light intensity. The UNTOPEL pulse intensity can be controlled remotely, allowing for its use in operating conditions where physical access is impossible or difficult. Moreover, it is easy to operate and can be easily controlled through an inter-integrated circuit bus. The UNTOPEL is a sound instrument used when subnanosecond pulses and variable energy emissions are needed. |
|
|
Address |
[Real, Diego; Calvo, David; Garre, Sergio Alves; Carretero, Victor; Losa, Agustin Sanchez; Greus, FranciscoSalesa] Univ Valencia, IFIC Inst Fis Corpuscular, CSIC, Paterna 46980, Spain, Email: real@ific.uv.es |
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0018-9499 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
WOS:001098078200010 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5795 |
|
Permanent link to this record |