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Baran, J. et al, & Brzezinski, K. (2024). Feasibility of the J-PET to monitor the range of therapeutic proton beams. Phys. Medica, 118, 103301–9pp.
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility of the Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomography (J -PET) scanner for intra-treatment proton beam range monitoring. Methods: The Monte Carlo simulation studies with GATE and PET image reconstruction with CASToR were performed in order to compare six J -PET scanner geometries. We simulated proton irradiation of a PMMA phantom with a Single Pencil Beam (SPB) and Spread -Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) of various ranges. The sensitivity and precision of each scanner were calculated, and considering the setup's cost-effectiveness, we indicated potentially optimal geometries for the J -PET scanner prototype dedicated to the proton beam range assessment. Results: The investigations indicate that the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer double -head configurations are the most promising for clinical application. We found that the scanner sensitivity is of the order of 10-5 coincidences per primary proton, while the precision of the range assessment for both SPB and SOBP irradiation plans was found below 1 mm. Among the scanners with the same number of detector modules, the best results are found for the triple -layer dual -head geometry. The results indicate that the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer double -head configurations are the most promising for the clinical application, Conclusions: We performed simulation studies demonstrating that the feasibility of the J -PET detector for PET -based proton beam therapy range monitoring is possible with reasonable sensitivity and precision enabling its pre -clinical tests in the clinical proton therapy environment. Considering the sensitivity, precision and cost-effectiveness, the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer dual -head J -PET geometry configurations seem promising for future clinical application.
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Agrawal, P. et al, Hernandez, P., & Lopez-Pavon, J. (2021). Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2020 workshop report. Eur. Phys. J. C, 81(11), 1015–137pp.
Abstract: With the establishment and maturation of the experimental programs searching for new physics with sizeable couplings at the LHC, there is an increasing interest in the broader particle and astrophysics community for exploring the physics of light and feebly-interacting particles as a paradigm complementary to a New Physics sector at the TeV scale and beyond. FIPs 2020 has been the first workshop fully dedicated to the physics of feebly-interacting particles and was held virtually from 31 August to 4 September 2020. The workshop has gathered together experts from collider, beam dump, fixed target experiments, as well as from astrophysics, axions/ALPs searches, current/future neutrino experiments, and dark matter direct detection communities to discuss progress in experimental searches and underlying theory models for FIPs physics, and to enhance the cross-fertilisation across different fields. FIPs 2020 has been complemented by the topical workshop “Physics Beyond Colliders meets theory”, held at CERN from 7 June to 9 June 2020. This document presents the summary of the talks presented at the workshops and the outcome of the subsequent discussions held immediately after. It aims to provide a clear picture of this blooming field and proposes a few recommendations for the next round of experimental results.
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Antel, C. et al, Lopez-Pavon, J., Sandner, S., & Urrea, S. (2023). Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2022 Workshop Report. Eur. Phys. J. C, 83(12), 1122–266pp.
Abstract: Particle physics today faces the challenge of explaining the mystery of dark matter, the origin of matter over anti-matter in the Universe, the origin of the neutrino masses, the apparent fine-tuning of the electro-weak scale, and many other aspects of fundamental physics. Perhaps the most striking frontier to emerge in the search for answers involves new physics at mass scales comparable to familiar matter, below the GeV-scale, or even radically below, down to sub-eV scales, and with very feeble interaction strength. New theoretical ideas to address dark matter and other fundamental questions predict such feebly interacting particles (FIPs) at these scales, and indeed, existing data provide numerous hints for such possibility. A vibrant experimental program to discover such physics is under way, guided by a systematic theoretical approach firmly grounded on the underlying principles of the Standard Model. This document represents the report of the FIPs 2022 workshop, held at CERN between the 17 and 21 October 2022 and aims to give an overview of these efforts, their motivations, and the decadal goals that animate the community involved in the search for FIPs.
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Vidaña, I., Feijoo, A., Albaladejo, M., Nieves, J., & Oset, E. (2023). Femtoscopic correlation function for the Tcc(3875)+ state. Phys. Lett. B, 846, 138201–9pp.
Abstract: We have conducted a study of the femtoscopic correlation functions for the D0D*+ and D+D*0 channels that build the Tcc state. We develop a formalism that allows us to factorize the scattering amplitudes outside the integrals in the formulas, and the integrals involve the range of the strong interaction explicitly. For a source of size of 1 fm, we find values for the correlation functions of the D0D*+ and D+D*0 channels at the origin around 30 and 2.5, respectively, and we see these observables converging to unity already for relative momenta of the order of 200 MeV. We conduct tests to see the relevance of the different contributions to the correlation function and find that it mostly provides information on the scattering length, but should the correlation functions be measured with the precision of the latest experiments, the effective range of the D0D*+ could also be obtained.
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Albaladejo, M., Nieves, J., & Ruiz Arriola, E. (2023). Femtoscopic signatures of the lightest S-wave scalar open-charm mesons. Phys. Rev. D, 108, 014020–7pp.
Abstract: We predict femtoscopy correlation functions for S-wave D(s)ϕ pairs of lightest pseudoscalar open-charm mesons and Goldstone bosons from next-to-leading-order unitarized heavy-meson chiral perturbation theory amplitudes. The effect of the two-state structure around 2300 MeV can be clearly seen in the (S,I)=(0,1/2) Dπ, Dη, and Ds¯K correlation functions, while in the scalar-strange (1,0) sector, the D∗s0(2317)± state lying below the DK threshold produces a depletion of the correlation function near threshold. These exotic states owe their existence to the nonperturbative dynamics of Goldstone-boson scattering off D(s). The predicted correlation functions could be experimentally measured and will shed light into the hadron spectrum, confirming that it should be viewed as more than a collection of quark model states.
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Martinez Torres, A., Khemchandani, K. P., Roca, L., & Oset, E. (2020). Few-body systems consisting of mesons. Few-Body Syst., 61(4), 35–16pp.
Abstract: We present a work which is meant to inspire the few-body practitioners to venture into the study of new, more exotic, systems and to hadron physicists, working mostly on two-body problems, to move in the direction of studying related few-body systems. For this purpose we devote the discussions in the introduction to show how the input two-body amplitudes can be easily obtained using techniques of the chiral unitary theory, or its extensions to the heavy quark sector. We then briefly explain how these amplitudes can be used to solve the Faddeev equations or a simpler version obtained by treating the three-body scattering as that of a particle on a fixed center. Further, we give some examples of the results obtained by studying systems involving mesons. We have also addressed the field of many meson systems, which is currently almost unexplored, but for which we envisage a bright future. Finally, we give a complete list of works dealing with unconventional few-body systems involving one or several mesons, summarizing in this way the findings on the topic, and providing a motivation for those willing to investigate such systems.
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Camarda, S., Cieri, L., & Ferrera, G. (2022). Fiducial perturbative power corrections within the q(T) subtraction formalism. Eur. Phys. J. C, 82(6), 575–8pp.
Abstract: We consider higher-order QCD corrections to the production of high-mass systems in hadron collisions within the transverse-momentum (q(T)) subtraction formalism. We present amethod to consistently remove the linear power corrections in q(T) which appears when fiducial kinematical cuts are applied on the final state system. We consider explicitly the case of fiducial cross sections for Drell-Yan lepton pair production at the Large Hadron Collider up to next-to-nextto-next-to-leading order (N3LO) in QCD. We have implemented our method within the DYTurbo numerical program and we have obtained perturbative predictions which are in agreement at the permille level with those obtained with local subtraction formalisms up to the next-to-next-toleading order (NNLO). At the N3LO we are able to provide predictions for fiducial cross sections with numerical accuracy at the permille level.
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Bernal, N., Donini, A., Folgado, M. G., & Rius, N. (2021). FIMP Dark Matter in Clockwork/Linear Dilaton extra-dimensions. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 061–29pp.
Abstract: We study the possibility that Dark Matter (DM) is made of Feebly Interacting Massive Particles (FIMP) interacting just gravitationally with the Standard Model particles in the framework of a Clockwork/Linear Dilaton (CW/LD) model. We restrict here to the case in which the DM particles are scalar fields. This paper extends our previous study of FIMP's in Randall-Sundrum (RS) warped extra-dimensions. As it was the case in the RS scenario, also in the CW/LD model we find a significant region of the parameter space in which the observed DM relic abundance can be reproduced with scalar DM mass in the MeV range, with a reheating temperature varying from 10 GeV to 10(9) GeV. We comment on the similarities of the results in both extra-dimensional models.
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Pich, A., Solomonidi, E., & Vale Silva, L. (2023). Final-state interactions in the CP asymmetries of charm-meson two-body decays. Phys. Rev. D, 108, 036026–25pp.
Abstract: Urgent theoretical progress is needed in order to provide an estimate in the Standard Model of the recent measurement by LHCb of direct CP violation in charm-meson two-body decays. Rescattering effects must be taken into account for a meaningful theoretical description of the amplitudes involved in such category of observables, as signaled by the presence of large strong phases. We discuss the computation of the latter effects based on a two-channel coupled dispersion relation, which exploits isospin-zero phase shifts and inelasticity parametrizations of data coming from the rescattering processes ππ→ππ, πK→πK, and ππ→K¯K. The determination of the subtraction constants of the dispersive integrals relies on the leading contributions to the transition amplitudes from the 1/NC counting, where NC is the number of QCD colors. Furthermore, we use the measured values of the branching ratios to help in selecting the nonperturbative inputs in the isospin limit, from which we predict values for the CP asymmetries. We find that the predicted level of CP violation is much below the experimental value.
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Wang, D. (2023). Finslerian Universe May Reconcile Tensions Between High and Low Redshift Probes. Int. J. Theor. Phys., 62(8), 184–11pp.
Abstract: To reconcile the current tensions between high and low redshift observations, we perform the first constraints on the Finslerian cosmological models including the effective dark matter and dark energy components. We find that all the four Finslerian models could alleviate effectively the Hubble constant (H-0) tension and the amplitude of the root-mean-square density fluctu-ations (s(8)) tension between the Planck measurements and the local Universe observations at the 68% confidence level. The addition of a massless sterile neutrino and a varying total mass of active neutrinos to the base Finslerian two-parameter model, respectively, reduces the H-0 tension from 3.4s to 1.9s and alleviates the s8 tension better than the other three Finslerian models. Computing the Bayesian evidence, with respect to ACDM model, our analysis shows a weak preference for the base Finslerian model and moderate preferences for its three one-parameter extensions. Based on the model-independent Gaussian Processes, we propose a new linear relation which can describe the current redshift space distortions data very well. Using the most stringent constraints we can provide, we have also obtained the limits of typical model parameters for three one-parameter extensional models.
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