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Mongillo, M., Abdullahi, A., Banto Oberhauser, B., Crivelli, P., Hostert, M., Massaro, D., et al. (2023). Constraining light thermal inelastic dark matter with NA64. Eur. Phys. J. C, 83(5), 391–14pp.
Abstract: A vector portal between the Standard Model and the dark sector is a predictive and compelling framework for thermal dark matter. Through co-annihilations, models of inelastic dark matter (iDM) and inelastic Dirac dark matter (i2DM) can reproduce the observed relic density in the MeV to GeV mass range without violating cosmological limits. In these scenarios, the vector mediator behaves like a semi-visible particle, evading traditional bounds on visible or invisible resonances, and uncovering new parameter space to explain the muon (g – 2) anomaly. By means of a more inclusive signal definition at the NA64 experiment, we place new constraints on iDM and i2DM using a missing energy technique. With a recast-based analysis, we contextualize the NA64 exclusion limits in parameter space and estimate the reach of the newly collected and expected future NA64 data. Our results motivate the development of an optimized search program for semi-visible particles, in which fixed target experiments like NA64 provide a powerful probe in the sub-GeV mass range.
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Lopez-Ibañez, M. L., Melis, A., Jay Perez, M., Rahat, M. H., & Vives, O. (2022). Constraining low-scale flavor models with (g-2)(mu) and lepton flavor violation. Phys. Rev. D, 105(3), 035021–21pp.
Abstract: We present here two concrete examples of models where a sub-TeV scale breaking of their respective T-13 and A(5) flavor symmetries is able to account for the recently observed discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment, (g – 2)(mu). Similarities in the flavor structures of the charged-lepton Yukawa matrix and dipole matrix yielding (g – 2)(mu) give rise to strong constraints on low-scale flavor models when bounds from lepton flavor violation (LFV) are imposed. These constraints place stringent limits on the off- diagonal Yukawa structure, suggesting a mostly (quasi)diagonal texture for models with a low flavor breaking scale A(f). We argue that many of the popular flavor models in the literature designed to explain the fermion masses and mixings are not suitable for reproducing the observed discrepancy in (g – 2)(mu), which requires a delicate balance of maintaining a low flavor scale while simultaneously satisfying strong LFV constraints.
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Coloma, P., Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C., Maltoni, M., Pinheiro, J. P., & Urrea, S. (2022). Constraining new physics with Borexino Phase-II spectral data. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 138–35pp.
Abstract: We present a detailed analysis of the spectral data of Borexino Phase II, with the aim of exploiting its full potential to constrain scenarios beyond the Standard Model. In particular, we quantify the constraints imposed on neutrino magnetic moments, neutrino non-standard interactions, and several simplified models with light scalar, pseudoscalar or vector mediators. Our analysis shows perfect agreement with those performed by the collaboration on neutrino magnetic moments and neutrino non-standard interactions in the same restricted cases and expands beyond those, stressing the interplay between flavour oscillations and flavour non-diagonal interaction effects for the correct evaluation of the event rates. For simplified models with light mediators we show the power of the spectral data to obtain robust limits beyond those previously estimated in the literature.
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Chatterjee, S. S., Lavignac, S., Miranda, O. G., & Sanchez Garcia, G. (2023). Constraining nonstandard interactions with coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at the European Spallation Source. Phys. Rev. D, 107(5), 055019–17pp.
Abstract: The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Sweden, will provide an intense pulsed neutrino flux allowing for high-statistics measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) with advanced nuclear recoil detectors. In this paper, we investigate in detail the possibility of constraining nonstandard neutrino interactions (NSIs) through such precision CEvNS measurements at the ESS, considering the different proposed detection technologies, either alone or in combination. We first study the sensitivity to neutral-current NSI parameters that each detector can reach in 3 years of data taking. We then show that operating two detectors simultaneously can significantly improve the expected sensitivity on flavor-diagonal NSI parameters. Combining the results of two detectors turns out to be even more useful when two NSI parameters are assumed to be nonvanishing at a time. In this case, suitably chosen detector combinations can reduce the degeneracies between some pairs of NSI parameters to a small region of the parameter space.
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Papoulias, D. K., Kosmas, T. S., Sahu, R., Kota, V. K. B., & Hota, M. (2020). Constraining nuclear physics parameters with current and future COHERENT data. Phys. Lett. B, 800, 135133–9pp.
Abstract: Motivated by the recent observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE nu NS) at the COHERENT experiment, our goal is to explore its potential in probing important nuclear structure parameters. We show that the recent COHERENT data offers unique opportunities to investigate the neutron nuclear form factor. Our present calculations are based on the deformed Shell Model (DSM) method which leads to a better fit of the recent CE nu NS data, as compared to known phenomenological form factors such as the Helm-type, symmetrized Fermi and Klein-Nystrand. The attainable sensitivities and the prospects of improvement during the next phase of the COHERENT experiment are also considered and analyzed in the framework of two upgrade scenarios.
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Servant, G., & Simakachorn, P. (2023). Constraining postinflationary axions with pulsar timing arrays. Phys. Rev. D, 108(12), 123516–16pp.
Abstract: Models that produce axionlike particles (ALPs) after cosmological inflation due to spontaneous U(1) symmetry breaking also produce cosmic-string networks. Those axionic strings lose energy through gravitational-wave emission during the whole cosmological history, generating a stochastic background of gravitational waves that spans many decades in frequency. We can therefore constrain the axion decay constant and axion mass from limits on the gravitational-wave spectrum and compatibility with dark matter abundance as well as dark radiation. We derive such limits from analyzing the most recent NANOGrav data from pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). The limits are similar to the Neff bounds on dark radiation for ALP masses ma less than or similar to 10-22 eV. On the other hand, for heavy ALPs with ma greater than or similar to 0.1 GeV and NDW not equal 1, new regions of parameter space can be probed by PTA data due to the dominant domain-wall contribution to the gravitational-wave background.
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Gariazzo, S. (2020). Constraining power of open likelihoods, made prior-independent. Eur. Phys. J. C, 80(6), 552–6pp.
Abstract: One of the most criticized features of Bayesian statistics is the fact that credible intervals, especially when open likelihoods are involved, may strongly depend on the prior shape and range. Many analyses involving open likelihoods are affected by the eternal dilemma of choosing between linear and logarithmic prior, and in particular in the latter case the situation is worsened by the dependence on the prior range under consideration. In this letter, we revive a simple method to obtain constraints that depend neither on the prior shape nor range and, using the tools of Bayesian model comparison, extend it to overcome the possible dependence of the bounds on the choice of free parameters in the numerical analysis. An application to the case of cosmological bounds on the sum of the neutrino masses is discussed as an example.
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Bandyopadhyay, P., Jangid, S., & Karan, A. (2022). Constraining scalar doublet and triplet leptoquarks with vacuum stability and perturbativity. Eur. Phys. J. C, 82(6), 516–44pp.
Abstract: We investigate the constraints on the leptoquark Yukawa couplings and the Higgs-leptoquark quartic couplings for scalar doublet leptoquark (R) over tilde (2), scalar triplet leptoquark S-3 and their combination with both three generations and one generation with respect to perturbative unitarity and vacuum stability. The perturbative unitarity of all the dimensionless couplings is studied via one- and two-loop beta functions. New SU(2)(L) multiplets in terms of these leptoquarks are introduced to fabricate Landau poles at the two-loop level in the gauge coupling g(2) at 10(19.7) GeV and 10(14.4) GeV, respectively, for the S-3 and (R) over tilde (2) + S-3 models with three generations. However, such Landau poles cease to exist for (R) over tilde (2) and any of these extensions with both one and two generations up to Planck scale. The Higgs-leptoquark quartic couplings acquire severe constraints to protect Planck scale perturbativity, whereas leptoquark Yukawa couplings acquire some upper bound in order to respect Planck scale stability of Higgs vacuum. The Higgs quartic coupling at the two-loop level constrains the leptoquark Yukawa couplings for (R) over tilde (2), S-3, (R) over tilde (2) + S-3 with values less than or similar to 1.30, 3.90, 1.00 with three generations. In the effective potential approach, the presence of any of these leptoquarks with any number of generations pushes the metastable vacuum of the Standard Model to the stable region.
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ANTARES Collaboration(Albert, A. et al), Colomer, M., Gozzini, R., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Illuminati, G., Khan-Chowdhury, N. R., et al. (2021). Constraining the contribution of Gamma-Ray Bursts to the high-energy diffuse neutrino flux with 10 yr of ANTARES data. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 500(4), 5614–5628.
Abstract: Addressing the origin of the astrophysical neutrino flux observed by IceCube is of paramount importance. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are among the few astrophysical sources capable of achieving the required energy to contribute to such neutrino flux through p gamma interactions. In this work, ANTARFS data have been used to search for upward going muon neutrinos in spatial and temporal coincidence with 784 GRBs occurred from 2007 to 2017. For each GRB, the expected neutrino flux has been calculated in the framework of the internal shock model and the impact of the lack of knowledge on the majority of source redshifts and on other intrinsic parameters of the emission mechanism has been quantified. It is found that the model parameters that set the radial distance where shock collisions occur have the largest impact on neutrino flux expectations. In particular, the bulk Lorentz factor of the source ejecta and the minimum variability time-scale are found to contribute significantly to the GRB-neutrino flux uncertainty. For the selected sources, ANTARES data have been analysed by maximizing the discovery probability of the stacking sample through an extended maximum-likelihood strategy. Since no neutrino event passed the quality cuts set by the optimization procedure, 90 per cent confidence level upper limits (with their uncertainty) on the total expected diffuse neutrino flux have been derived, according to the model. The GRB contribution to the observed diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux around 100 TeV is constrained to be less than 10 percent.
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Bernard, V., Descotes-Genon, S., & Vale Silva, L. (2020). Constraining the gauge and scalar sectors of the doublet left-right symmetric model. J. High Energy Phys., 09(9), 088–64pp.
Abstract: We consider a left-right symmetric extension of the Standard Model where the spontaneous breakdown of the left-right symmetry is triggered by doublets. The electroweak rho parameter is protected from large corrections in this Doublet Left-Right Model (DLRM), contrary to the triplet case. This allows in principle for more diverse patterns of symmetry breaking. We consider several constraints on the gauge and scalar sectors of DLRM: the unitarity of scattering processes involving gauge bosons with longitudinal polarisations, the radiative corrections to the muon Delta r parameter and the electroweak precision observables measured at the Z pole and at low energies. Combining these constraints within the frequentist CKMfitter approach, we see that the fit pushes the scale of left-right symmetry breaking up to a few TeV, while favouring an electroweak symmetry breaking triggered not only by the SU (2)(L) x SU (2)(R) bi-doublet, which is the case most commonly considered in the literature, but also by the SU (2)(L) doublet.
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