Papavassiliou, J. (2022). Emergence of mass in the gauge sector of QCD. Chin. Phys. C, 46(11), 112001–23pp.
Abstract: It is currently widely accepted that gluons, while massless at the level of the fundamental QCD Lagrangian, acquire an effective mass through the non-Abelian implementation of the classic Schwinger mechanism. The key dynamical ingredient that triggers the onset of this mechanism is the formation of composite massless poles inside the fundamental vertices of the theory. These poles enter the evolution equation of the gluon propagator and nontrivially affect the way the Slavnov-Taylor identities of the vertices are resolved, inducing a smoking-gun displacement in the corresponding Ward identities. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the pivotal concepts associated with this dynamical scenario, emphasizing the synergy between functional methods and lattice simulations and highlighting recent advances that corroborate the action of the Schwinger mechanism in QCD.
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Fuster-Martinez, N., Bruce, R., Hofer, M., Persson, T., Redaelli, S., & Tomas, R. (2022). Aperture measurements with ac dipoles and movable collimators in the Large Hadron Collider. Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams, 25(10), 101002–13pp.
Abstract: This paper presents a first experimental demonstration of a new nondestructive method for aperture measurements based on ac dipoles. In high intensity particle colliders, such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), aperture measurements are crucial for a safe operation while optimizing the optics in order to reduce the size of the colliding beams and hence increase the luminosity. In the LHC, this type of measurements became mandatory during beam commissioning and the current method used is based on the destructive blowup of bunches using a transverse damper. The new method presented in this paper uses the ac-dipole excitation to generate adiabatic forced oscillations of the beam in order to create losses to identify the smallest aperture in the machine without blowing up the beam emittance. A precise and tuneable control of the oscillation amplitude enables the beams to be reused for several aperture measurements, as well as for other subsequent commissioning activities. Measurements performed with the new method are presented and compared with the current LHC transverse damper method for two different beam energies and two different operational optics.
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Capozzi, F., Chakraborty, M., Chakraborty, S., & Sen, M. (2022). Supernova fast flavor conversions in 1+1D: Influence of mu-tau neutrinos. Phys. Rev. D, 106(8), 083011–9pp.
Abstract: In the dense supernova environment, neutrinos can undergo fast flavor conversions which depend on the large neutrino-neutrino interaction strength. It has been recently shown that both their presence and outcome can be affected when passing from the commonly used three neutrino species approach to the more general one with six species. Here, we build up on a previous work performed on this topic and perform a numerical simulation of flavor evolution in both space and time, assuming six neutrino species. We find that the results presented in our previous work remain qualitatively the same even for flavor evolution in space and time. This emphasizes the need for going beyond the simplistic approximation with three species when studying fast flavor conversions.
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Botella, F. J., Cornet-Gomez, F., Miro, C., & Nebot, M. (2022). Muon and electron g-2 anomalies in a flavor conserving 2HDM with an oblique view on the CDF M-W value. Eur. Phys. J. C, 82(10), 915–25pp.
Abstract: We consider a type I or type X two Higgs doublets model with a modified lepton sector. The generalized lepton sector is also flavor conserving but with the new Yukawa couplings completely decoupled from lepton mass proportionality. The model is one loop stable under renormalization group evolution and it allows to reproduce the g – 2 muon anomaly together with the different scenarios one can consider for the electron g – 2 anomaly, related to the Cesium and/or to the Rubidium recoilmeasurements of the fine structure constant. Thorough parameter space analyses are performed to constrain all the model parameters in the different scenarios, either including or not including the recent CDF measurement of the W boson mass. For light new scalars with masses in the 0.2-1.0 TeV range, the muon anomaly receives dominant one loop contributions; it is for heavy new scalars with masses above 1.2 TeV that two loop Barr-Zee diagrams are needed. The electron g-2 anomaly, if any, must always be obtained with the two loop contributions. The final allowed regions are quite sensitive to the assumptions about perturbativity of Yukawa couplings, which influence unexpected observables like the allowed scalar mass ranges. On that respect, intermediate scalar masses, highly constrained by direct LHC searches, are allowed provided that the new lepton Yukawa couplings are fully scrutinized, including values up to 250 GeV. In the framework of a complete model, fully numerically analysed, we show the implications of the recent M-W measurement.
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Akhmedov, E., & Martinez-Mirave, P. (2022). Solar (v(e))over-bar flux: revisiting bounds on neutrino magnetic moments and solar magnetic field. J. High Energy Phys., 10(10), 144–35pp.
Abstract: The interaction of neutrino transition magnetic dipole moments with magnetic fields can give rise to the phenomenon of neutrino spin-flavour precession (SFP). For Majorana neutrinos, the combined action of SFP of solar neutrinos and flavour oscillations would manifest itself as a small, yet potentially detectable, flux of electron antineutrinos coming from the Sun. Non-observation of such a flux constrains the product of the neutrino magnetic moment μand the strength of the solar magnetic field B. We derive a simple analytical expression for the expected (v(e)) over bar appearance probability in the three-flavour framework and we use it to revisit the existing experimental bounds on μB. A full numerical calculation has also been performed to check the validity of the analytical result. We also present our numerical results in energy-binned form, convenient for analyses of the data of the current and future experiments searching for the solar (v(e)) over bar flux. In addition, we give a comprehensive compilation of other existing limits on neutrino magnetic moments and of the expressions for the probed effective magnetic moments in terms of the fundamental neutrino magnetic moments and leptonic mixing parameters.
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