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Author Menendez, A.; Esperante, D.; Garcia-Olcina, R.; Torres, J.; Perez-Soler, J.; Marco, R.; Gimeno, B.; Martos, J.; Soret, J. doi  openurl
  Title RF Acquisition System Based on μTCA for Testing of High-Gradient Acceleration Cavities Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Electronics Abbreviated Journal Electronics  
  Volume 11 Issue 5 Pages 720 - 22pp  
  Keywords radio frequency; accelerator cavities; mu TCA systems; Low Level RF system  
  Abstract The radio frequency (RF) laboratory hosted in the Corpuscular Physics Institute (IFIC) of the University of Valencia is designed to house a high-power and high-repetition-rate facility to test normal conduction RF accelerator cavities in the S-Band (2.9985 GHz) in order to perform R & D activities related to particle accelerator cavities. The system, which manages the entire process of RF signal generation, data acquisition and closed-loop control of the laboratory, is currently based on a modular and compact PXI platform system. This contribution details the development of a platform with similar features, but which is based on open architecture standards at both the hardware and software level. For this purpose, a complete system based on the μTCA platform has been developed. This new system must be able to work with accelerator cavities at other operating frequencies, such as 750 MHz, as well as to explore different options at firmware and software levels based on open-source codes.  
  Address [Menendez, Abraham; Esperante, Daniel; Marco, Ricardo; Gimeno, Benito] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IF, CSIC, Paterna, Spain, Email: daniel.esperante@uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Mdpi Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000772931900001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5189  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Otal, A.; Celada, F.; Chimeno, J.; Vijande, J.; Pellejero, S.; Perez-Calatayud, M.J.; Villafranca, E.; Fuentemilla, N.; Blazquez, F.; Rodriguez, S.; Perez-Calatayud, J. doi  openurl
  Title Review on Treatment Planning Systems for Cervix Brachytherapy (Interventional Radiotherapy): Some Desirable and Convenient Practical Aspects to Be Implemented from Radiation Oncologist and Medical Physics Perspectives Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Cancers Abbreviated Journal Cancers  
  Volume 14 Issue 14 Pages 3467 - 15pp  
  Keywords cervix; treatment planning systems; interstitial applicators; magnetic resonance  
  Abstract Simple Summary There are no brachytherapy treatment planning systems (TPS) exclusively for the treatment of cervical tumours, so general-purpose TPSs are used. However, these treatments have some particular features concerning the treatment of other pathologies, especially in the case of exclusive use of MRI as an imaging modality and the presence of gynaecological applicators in combination with an interstitial part. That is why it is essential to review the latest versions of commercial TPSs to find the potential features to improve with the help of a group of experimented medical physicists and radiation oncologists. Furthermore, after reviewing the recent literature for advances applicable to cervical brachytherapy and through his own clinical experience, possible improvements are proposed to software providers for the development of new tools. Intracavitary brachytherapy (BT, Interventional Radiotherapy, IRT), plays an essential role in the curative intent of locally advanced cervical cancer, for which the conventional approach involves external beam radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy followed by BT. This work aims to review the different methodologies used by commercially available treatment planning systems (TPSs) in exclusive magnetic resonance imaging-based (MRI) cervix BT with interstitial component treatments. Practical aspects and improvements to be implemented into the TPSs are discussed. This review is based on the clinical expertise of a group of radiation oncologists and medical physicists and on interactive demos provided by the software manufacturers. The TPS versions considered include all the new tools currently in development for future commercial releases. The specialists from the supplier companies were asked to propose solutions to some of the challenges often encountered in a clinical environment through a questionnaire. The results include not only such answers but also comments by the authors that, in their opinion, could help solve the challenges covered in these questions. This study summarizes the possibilities offered nowadays by commercial TPSs, highlighting the absence of some useful tools that would notably improve the planning of MR-based interstitial component cervix brachytherapy.  
  Address [Otal, Antonio] Hosp Arnau Vilanova, Med Phys Dept, Lleida 25198, Spain, Email: aotalpalacin@gmail.com;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Mdpi Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000832057600001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5304  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Sanchis-Lozano, M.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Stringy Signals from Large-Angle Correlations in the Cosmic Microwave Background? Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Universe Abbreviated Journal Universe  
  Volume 8 Issue 8 Pages 396 - 13pp  
  Keywords cosmic microwave background; angular correlations; inflation; string theory  
  Abstract We interpret the lack of large-angle temperature correlations and the even-odd parity imbalance observed in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by COBE, WMAP and Planck satellite missions as a possible stringy signal ultimately stemming from a composite inflaton field (e.g., a fermionic condensate). Based on causality arguments and a Fourier analysis of the angular two-point correlation function, two infrared cutoffs k(min)(even,odd) (satisfying k(min)(even) similar or equal to 2k(min)(odd)) are introduced to the CMB power spectrum associated, respectively, with periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions of the fermionic constituents (echoing the Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond model in superstring theory), without resorting to any particular model.  
  Address [Sanchis-Lozano, Miguel-Angel] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot 46011, Spain, Email: miguel.angel.sanchis@ific.uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Mdpi Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000845107300001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5344  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Real, D.; Calvo, D.; Diaz, A.; Salesa Greus, F.; Sanchez Losa, A. doi  openurl
  Title A Narrow Optical Pulse Emitter Based on LED: NOPELED Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Sensors Abbreviated Journal Sensors  
  Volume 22 Issue 19 Pages 7683 - 15pp  
  Keywords short optical pulse; optical instrumentation  
  Abstract Light sources emitting short pulses are needed in many particle physics experiments using optical sensors as they can replicate the light produced by the particles being detected and are also an important calibration and test element. This work presents NOPELED, a light source based on LEDs emitting short optical pulses with typical rise times of less than 3 ns and Full Width at Half Maximum lower than 7 ns. The emission wavelength depends on the model of LED used. Several LED models have been characterized in the range from 405 to 532 nm, although NOPELED can work with LED emitting wavelengths outside of that region. While the wavelength is fixed for a given LED model, the intensity and the frequency of the optical pulse can be controlled. NOPELED, which also has low cost and simple operation, can be operated remotely, making it appropriate for either different physics experiments needing in-place light sources such as astrophysical neutrino detectors using photo-multipliers or positron emission tomography devices using scintillation counters, or, beyond physics, applications needing short pulses of light such as protein fluorescence or chemodetection of heavy metals.  
  Address [Real, Diego; Calvo, David; Salesa Greus, Francisco; Sanchez Losa, Agustin] Univ Valencia, IFIC Inst Fis Corpuscular, CSIC, C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Paterna 46980, Spain, Email: real@ific.uv.es;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Mdpi Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000867935300001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5381  
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Author Navarro-Salas, J.; Pla, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Particle Creation and the Schwinger Model Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Symmetry-Basel Abbreviated Journal Symmetry-Basel  
  Volume 14 Issue 11 Pages 2435 - 9pp  
  Keywords Schwinger model; semiclassical theory; particle creation  
  Abstract We study the particle creation process in the Schwinger model coupled with an external classical source. One can approach the problem by taking advantage of the fact that the full quantized model is solvable and equivalent to a (massive) gauge field with a non-local effective action. Alternatively, one can also face the problem by following the standard semiclassical route. This means quantizing the massless Dirac field and considering the electromagnetic field as a classical background. We evaluate the energy created by a generic, homogeneous, and time-dependent source. The results match exactly in both approaches. This proves in a very direct and economical way the validity of the semiclassical approach for the (massless) Schwinger model, in agreement with a previous analysis based on the linear response equation. Our discussion suggests that a similar analysis for the massive Schwinger model could be used as a non-trivial laboratory to confront a fully quantized solvable model with its semiclassical approximation, therefore mimicking the long-standing confrontation of quantum gravity with quantum field theory in curved spacetime.  
  Address [Navarro-Salas, Jose] Univ Valencia, Ctr Mixto Univ Valencia CSIC, Fac Fis, Dept Fis Teor & IFIC, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain, Email: jnavarro@ific.uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Mdpi Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000895122100001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5432  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Ramirez-Uribe, S.; Hernandez-Pinto, R.J.; Rodrigo, G.; Sborlini, G.F.R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title From Five-Loop Scattering Amplitudes to Open Trees with the Loop-Tree Duality Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Symmetry-Basel Abbreviated Journal Symmetry-Basel  
  Volume 14 Issue 12 Pages 2571 - 14pp  
  Keywords perturbative QFT; higher-order calculations; multiloop Feynman integrals  
  Abstract Characterizing multiloop topologies is an important step towards developing novel methods at high perturbative orders in quantum field theory. In this article, we exploit the Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) formalism to analyse multiloop topologies that appear for the first time at five loops. Explicitly, we open the loops into connected trees and group them according to their topological properties. Then, we identify a kernel generator, the so-called N7MLT universal topology, that allows us to describe any scattering amplitude of up to five loops. Furthermore, we provide factorization and recursion relations that enable us to write these multiloop topologies in terms of simpler subtopologies, including several subsets of Feynman diagrams with an arbitrary number of loops. Our approach takes advantage of many symmetries present in the graphical description of the original fundamental five-loop topologies. The results obtained in this article might shed light into a more efficient determination of higher-order corrections to the running couplings, which are crucial in the current and future precision physics program.  
  Address [Ramirez-Uribe, Selomit; Rodrigo, German] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Consejo Super Invest Cient, Parc Cient, E-46980 Paterna, Spain, Email: roger@uas.edu.mx  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Mdpi Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000904374000001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5450  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Henry, L.; Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Precise determination of the B-s(0)-B-s(-0) oscillation frequency Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.  
  Volume 18 Issue Pages 54-58  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Mesons comprising a beauty quark and strange quark can oscillate between particle (B-s(0)) and antiparticle (B-s(-0)) flavour eigenstates, with a frequency given by the mass difference between heavy and light mass eigenstates, Delta m(s). Here we present a measurement of Delta m(s) using B-s(0) -> D-s(-)pi(+) decays produced in proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The oscillation frequency is found to be Delta m(s) = 17.7683 +/- 0.0051 +/- 0.0032 ps(-1), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This measurement improves on the current Delta m(s) precision by a factor of two. We combine this result with previous LHCb measurements to determine Delta m(s) = 17.7656 +/- 0.0057 ps(-1), which is the legacy measurement of the original LHCb detector.  
  Address [Aaij, R.; Butter, J. S.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Sole, S. Ferreres; Gabriel, E.; Geertsema, R. E.; Greeven, L. M.; Heijhoff, K.; Hulsbergen, W.; Hynds, D.; Jans, E.; Klaver, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Kostiuk, I; Kuindersma, H. S.; Martinez, M. Lucio; Lukashenko, V; Mauri, A.; Merk, M.; Pellegrino, A.; Sanchez Gras, C.; Schubiger, M.; Snoch, A.; Tuning, N.; Usachov, A.; van Beuzekom, M.; Veronesi, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Email: alessandro.bertolin@pd.infn.it  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Nature Portfolio Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1745-2473 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000739810100002 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5075  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Angles-Castillo, A.; Perez, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title A quantum walk simulation of extra dimensions with warped geometry Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Scientific Reports Abbreviated Journal Sci Rep  
  Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages 1926 - 12pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We investigate the properties of a quantum walk which can simulate the behavior of a spin 1/2 particle in a model with an ordinary spatial dimension, and one extra dimension with warped geometry between two branes. Such a setup constitutes a 1+ 1 dimensional version of the Randall-Sundrum model, which plays an important role in high energy physics. In the continuum spacetime limit, the quantum walk reproduces the Dirac equation corresponding to the model, which allows to anticipate some of the properties that can be reproduced by the quantum walk. In particular, we observe that the probability distribution becomes, at large time steps, concentrated near the “low energy” brane, and can be approximated as the lowest eigenstate of the continuum Hamiltonian that is compatible with the symmetries of the model. In this way, we obtain a localization effect whose strength is controlled by a warp coefficient. In other words, here localization arises from the geometry of the model, at variance with the usual effect that is originated from random irregularities, as in Anderson localization. In summary, we establish an interesting correspondence between a high energy physics model and localization in quantum walks.  
  Address [Angles-Castillo, Andreu] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, Valencia 46100, Spain, Email: andreu.angles@ific.uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Nature Portfolio Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2045-2322 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000751472600024 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5107  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Lerendegui-Marco, J.; Balibrea-Correa, J.; Babiano-Suarez, V.; Ladarescu, I.; Domingo-Pardo, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Towards machine learning aided real-time range imaging in proton therapy Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Scientific Reports Abbreviated Journal Sci Rep  
  Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages 2735 - 17pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Compton imaging represents a promising technique for range verification in proton therapy treatments. In this work, we report on the advantageous aspects of the i-TED detector for proton-range monitoring, based on the results of the first Monte Carlo study of its applicability to this field. i-TED is an array of Compton cameras, that have been specifically designed for neutron-capture nuclear physics experiments, which are characterized by gamma-ray energies spanning up to 5-6 MeV, rather low gamma-ray emission yields and very intense neutron induced gamma-ray backgrounds. Our developments to cope with these three aspects are concomitant with those required in the field of hadron therapy, especially in terms of high efficiency for real-time monitoring, low sensitivity to neutron backgrounds and reliable performance at the high gamma-ray energies. We find that signal-to-background ratios can be appreciably improved with i-TED thanks to its light-weight design and the low neutron-capture cross sections of its LaCl3 crystals, when compared to other similar systems based on LYSO, CdZnTe or LaBr3. Its high time-resolution (CRT similar to 500 ps) represents an additional advantage for background suppression when operated in pulsed HT mode. Each i-TED Compton module features two detection planes of very large LaCl3 monolithic crystals, thereby achieving a high efficiency in coincidence of 0.2% for a point-like 1 MeV gamma-ray source at 5 cm distance. This leads to sufficient statistics for reliable image reconstruction with an array of four i-TED detectors assuming clinical intensities of 10(8) protons per treatment point. The use of a two-plane design instead of three-planes has been preferred owing to the higher attainable efficiency for double time-coincidences than for threefold events. The loss of full-energy events for high energy gamma-rays is compensated by means of machine-learning based algorithms, which allow one to enhance the signal-to-total ratio up to a factor of 2.  
  Address [Lerendegui-Marco, Jorge; Balibrea-Correa, Javier; Babiano-Suarez, Victor; Ladarescu, Ion; Domingo-Pardo, Cesar] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: jorge.lerendegui@ific.uv.es  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Nature Portfolio Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2045-2322 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000757537100018 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration no  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5136  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Henry, L.; Jashal, B.K.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Vidal, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Test of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.  
  Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 277-282  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The standard model of particle physics currently provides our best description of fundamental particles and their interactions. The theory predicts that the different charged leptons, the electron, muon and tau, have identical electroweak interaction strengths. Previous measurements have shown that a wide range of particle decays are consistent with this principle of lepton universality. This article presents evidence for the breaking of lepton universality in beauty-quark decays, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, based on proton–proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are of processes in which a beauty meson transforms into a strange meson with the emission of either an electron and a positron, or a muon and an antimuon. If confirmed by future measurements, this violation of lepton universality would imply physics beyond the standard model, such as a new fundamental interaction between quarks and leptons.  
  Address [Aaij, R.; Butter, J. S.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Sole, S. Ferreres; Gabriel, E.; Geertsema, R. E.; Greeven, L. M.; Heijhoff, K.; Hulsbergen, W.; Hynds, D.; Jans, E.; Ketel, T.; Klaver, S.; Koppenburg, P.; Kostiuk, I; Kuindersma, H. S.; Martinez, M. Lucio; Lukashenko, V; Mauri, A.; Merk, M.; Pellegrino, A.; Raven, G.; Gras, C. Sanchez; Schubiger, M.; Soares, M. Senghi; Snoch, A.; Tuning, N.; Usachov, A.; Van Beuzekom, M.; Veronesi, M.] Nikhef Natl Inst Subatom Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Email: alessandro.bertolin@pd.infn.it  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Nature Portfolio Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1745-2473 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000769534600020 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5166  
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