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Author Liptak, Z. et al; Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Measurements of beam backgrounds in SuperKEKB Phase 2 Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 1040 Issue Pages 167168 - 19pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The high design luminosity of the SuperKEKB electron–positron collider will result in challenging levels of beam-induced backgrounds in the interaction region. Understanding and mitigating these backgrounds is critical to the success of the Belle II experiment. We report on the first background measurements performed after roll-in of the Belle II detector, a period known as SuperKEKB Phase 2, utilizing both the BEAST II system of dedicated background detectors and the Belle II detector itself. We also report on first revisions to the background simulation made in response to our findings. Backgrounds measured include contributions from synchrotron radiation, beam-gas, Touschek, and injection backgrounds. At the end of Phase 2, single-beam backgrounds originating from the 4 GeV positron Low Energy Ring (LER) agree reasonably well with simulation, while backgrounds from the 7 GeV electron High Energy Ring (HER) are approximately one order of magnitude higher than simulation. We extrapolate these backgrounds forward and conclude it is safe to install the Belle II vertex detector.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5496  
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Author Belle II Collaboration (Adachi, I. et al); Gomis, P.; Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Search for an Invisibly Decaying Z ' Boson at Belle II in e(+)e(-) -> mu(+)mu(-) (e(+/-)mu(-/+)) Plus Missing Energy Final States Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.  
  Volume 124 Issue 14 Pages 141801 - 9pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Theories beyond the standard model often predict the existence of an additional neutral boson, the Z'. Using data collected by the Belle II experiment during 2018 at the SuperKEKB collider, we perform the first searches for the invisible decay of a Z' in the process e(+)e(-) -> mu(+)mu(-) Z' and of a lepton-flavor-violating Z' in e(+) e(-) -> e(+/-)mu(-/+)Z'. We do not find any excess of events and set 90% credibility level upper limits on the cross sections of these processes. We translate the former, in the framework of an L, – L, theory, into upper limits on the Z' coupling constant at the level of 5 x 10(-2) – 1 for M-z' <= 6 GeV/c(2).  
  Address [Jia, S.; Shen, C. P.; Zhou, X. Y.] Beihang Univ, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000523637800002 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4362  
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Author Belle II Collaboration (Abudinen, F. et al); Gomis, P.; Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Search for Axionlike Particles Produced in e(+)e(-) Collisions at Belle II Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.  
  Volume 125 Issue 16 Pages 161806 - 9pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We present a search for the direct production of a light pseudoscalar a decaying into two photons with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We search for the process e(+)e(-) -> gamma a, a -> gamma gamma in the mass range 0.2 < m(a) < 9.7 GeV/c(2) using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of (445 +/- 3) pb(-1). Light pseudoscalars interacting predominantly with standard model gauge bosons (so-called axionlike particles or ALPs) are frequently postulated in extensions of the standard model. We find no evidence for ALPs and set 95% confidence level upper limits on the coupling strength g(a gamma gamma) of ALPs to photons at the level of 10(-3) GeV-1. The limits are the most restrictive to date for 0.2 < m(a) < 1 GeV/c(2).  
  Address [Polat, G.; Serrano, J.; Zani, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, IN2P3, CNRS, F-13288 Marseille, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000577074900004 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4567  
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Author Belle II Collaboration (Abudinen, F. et al); Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Search for B+ -> K+nu(nu)over-bar Decays Using an Inclusive Tagging Method at Belle H Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.  
  Volume 127 Issue 18 Pages 181802 - 10pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract A search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decay B+ -> K+nu(nu) over bar is performed at the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric energy electron-positron collider. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 63 fb(-1) collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance and a sample of 9 fb(-1) collected at an energy 60 MeV below the resonance. Because the measurable decay signature involves only a single charged kaon, a novel measurement approach is used that exploits not only the properties of the B+ -> K+nu(nu) over bar decay, but also the inclusive properties of the other B meson in the Upsilon(4S) -> B (B) over bar event, to suppress the background from other B meson decays and light-quark pair production. This inclusive tagging approach offers a higher signal efficiency compared to previous searches. No significant signal is observed. An upper limit on the branching fraction of B+ -> K+nu(nu) over bar of 4.1 x 10(-5) is set at the 90% confidence level.  
  Address [Lautenbach, K.; Polat, G.; Serrano, J.; Zani, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000712526000010 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5020  
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Author Belle II Collaboration (Abudinen, F. et al); Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Precise Measurement of the D-0 and D+ Lifetimes at Belle II Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.  
  Volume 127 Issue 21 Pages 211801 - 9pp  
  Keywords  
  Abstract We report a measurement of the D-0 and D+ lifetimes using D-0 -> K-pi(+) and D+ -> K-pi(+)pi(+) decays reconstructed in e(+)e(-) -> c (c) over bar data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. The data, collected at center-of-mass energies at or near the (sic)(4S) resonance, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72 fb(-1). The results, (tau)(D-0) = 410.5 +/- 1.1 (stat) +/- 0.8(syst) fs and tau(D-0) = 1030.4 +/- 4.7 (stat) +/- 3.1 (syst) fs, are the most precise to date and are consistent with previous determinations.  
  Address [Lautenbach, K.; Polat, G.; Serrano, J.; Zani, L.] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000721613700003 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5032  
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Author Schreeck, H.; Paschen, B.; Wieduwilt, P.; Ahlburg, P.; Andricek, L.; Dingfelder, J.; Frey, A.; Lutticke, F.; Marinas, C.; Richter, R.; Schwenker, B. doi  openurl
  Title Effects of gamma irradiation on DEPFET pixel sensors for the Belle II experiment Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 959 Issue Pages 163522 - 9pp  
  Keywords DEPFET; Radiation damage; Particle tracking detectors; Belle II  
  Abstract For the Belle II experiment at KEK (Tsukuba, Japan) the KEKB accelerator was upgraded to deliver a 40 times larger instantaneous luminosity than before, which requires an increased radiation hardness of the detector components. As the innermost part of the Belle II detector, the pixel detector (PXD), based on DEPFET (DEpleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) technology, is most exposed to radiation from the accelerator. An irradiation campaign was performed to verify that the PXD can cope with the expected amount of radiation. We present the results of this measurement campaign in which an X-ray machine was used to irradiate a single PXD half-ladder to a total dose of 266 kGy. The half-ladder is from the same batch as the half-ladders used for Belle II. According to simulations, the total accumulated dose corresponds to 7-10 years of Belle II operation. While individual components have been irradiated before, this campaign is the first full system irradiation. We discuss the effects on the DEPFET sensors, as well as the performance of the front-end electronics. In addition, we present efficiency studies of the half-ladder from beam tests performed before and after the irradiation.  
  Address [Schreeck, Harrison; Wieduwilt, Philipp; Frey, Ariane; Schwenker, Benjamin] Georg August Univ Gottingen, Phys Inst 2, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany, Email: harrison.schreeck@phys.uni-goettingen.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000518368800016 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4316  
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Author Wieduwilt, P.; Paschen, B.; Schreeck, H.; Schwenker, B.; Soltau, J.; Ahlburg, P.; Dingfelder, J.; Frey, A.; Gomis, P.; Lutticke, F.; Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Performance of production modules of the Belle II pixel detector in a high-energy particle beam Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 991 Issue Pages 164978 - 15pp  
  Keywords DEPFET; DESY testbeam; Pixel detector; Belle II; Vertex detector  
  Abstract The Belle II experiment at the Super B factory SuperKEKB, an asymmetric e(+) e(-) collider located in Tsukuba, Japan, is tailored to perform precision B physics measurements. The centre of mass energy of the collisions is equal to the rest mass of the gamma (4S) resonance of m(gamma(4S)) = 10.58 GeV. A high vertex resolution is essential for measuring the decay vertices of B mesons. Typical momenta of the decay products are ranging from a few tens of MeV to a few GeV and multiple scattering has a significant impact on the vertex resolution. The VerteX Detector (VXD) for Belle II is therefore designed to have as little material as possible inside the acceptance region. Especially the innermost two layers, populated by the PiXel Detector (PXD), have to be ultra-thin. The PXD is based on DEpleted P-channel Field Effect Transistors (DEPFETs) with a thickness of only 75 μm. Spatial resolution and hit efficiency of production detector modules were studied in beam tests performed at the DESY test beam facility. The spatial resolution was investigated as a function of the incidence angle and improvements due to charge sharing are demonstrated. The measured module performance is compatible with the requirements for Belle II.  
  Address [Paschen, B.; Ahlburg, P.; Dingfelder, J.; Luetticke, F.] Univ Bonn, Phys Inst, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, Email: philipp.wieduwilt@phys.uni-goettingen.de;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000686054900010 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4941  
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Author Belle-II DEPFET and PXD Collaborations (Wang, B. et al); Marinas, C. doi  openurl
  Title Operational experience of the Belle II pixel detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 1032 Issue Pages 166631 - 7pp  
  Keywords Belle II PXD; DEPFET; Pixel detector; Vertex detector  
  Abstract The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB accelerator has started its physics data taking with the full detector setup in March 2019. It aims to collect 40 times more e+e- collision data compared with its predecessor Belle experiment. The Belle II pixel detector (PXD) is based on the Depleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor (DEPFET) technology. The PXD plays an important role in the tracking and vertexing of the Belle II detector. Its two layers are arranged at radii of 14 mm and 22 mm around the interaction point. The sensors are thinned down to 75 μm to minimize multiple scattering, and each module has interconnects and ASICs integrated on the sensor with silicon frames for mechanical support. PXD showed good performance during data taking. It also faces several operational challenges due to the high background level from the SuperKEKB accelerator, such as the damage from beam loss events, the drift in the HV working point due to radiation effect, and the impact of the high background.  
  Address [Alonso, O.; Dieguez, A.] Univ Barcelona, C Marti Franques 1, Barcelona 08028, Spain, Email: wang@mpp.mpg.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000793768200001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5227  
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Author Babeluk, M. et al; Marinas, C. doi  openurl
  Title CMOS MAPS upgrade for the Belle II Vertex Detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 1048 Issue Pages 168015 - 5pp  
  Keywords Belle II; VXD; SVD; PXD; VTX; Upgrade; CMOS; DMAPS  
  Abstract The success of the Belle II experiment in Japan relies on the very high instantaneous luminosity, close to 6x1035 cm-2 s-1, expected from the SuperKEKB collider. The corresponding beam conditions at such luminosity levels generate large rates of background particles and creates stringent constraints on the vertex detector, adding to the physics requirements. Current prospects for the occupancy rates in the present vertex detector (VXD) at full luminosity fall close to the acceptable limits and bear large uncertainties. In this context, the Belle II collaboration is considering the possibility to install an upgraded VXD system around 2027 to provide a sufficient safety margin with respect to the expected background rate and possibly enhance tracking and vertexing performance. The VTX collaboration has started the design of a fully pixelated VXD, called VTX, based on fast and highly granular Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (DMAPS) integrated on light support structures. The two main technical features of the VTX proposal are the usage of a single sensor type over all the layers of the system and the overall material budget below 2% of radiation length, compared to the current VXD which has two different sensor technologies and about 3% of radiation length. A dedicated sensor (OBELIX), taylored to the specific needs of Belle II, is under development, evolving from the existing TJ-Monopix2 sensor. The time-stamping precision below 100 ns will allow all VTX layers to take part in the track finding strategy contrary to the current situation. The first two detection layers are designed according to a self-supported all-silicon ladder concept, where 4 contiguous sensors are diced out of a wafer, thinned and interconnected with post-processed redistribution layers. The outermost detection layers follow a more conventional approach with a cold plate and carbon fibre support structure, and light flex cables interconnecting the sensors. This document will review the context, technical details and development status of the proposed Belle II VTX.  
  Address [Babeluk, M.; Bergauer, T.; Irmler, C.; Schwanda, C.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, A-1050 Vienna, Austria, Email: christian.wessel@desy.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000990246200001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5538  
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Author Natochii, A. et al; Marinas, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Measured and projected beam backgrounds in the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 1055 Issue Pages 168550 - 21pp  
  Keywords Detector background; Lepton collider; Monte-Carlo simulation  
  Abstract The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider aims to collect an unprecedented data set of 50 ab-1 to study CP-violation in the B-meson system and to search for Physics beyond the Standard Model. SuperKEKB is already the world's highest-luminosity collider. In order to collect the planned data set within approximately one decade, the target is to reach a peak luminosity of 6 x 1035 cm-2 s-1by further increasing the beam currents and reducing the beam size at the interaction point by squeezing the betatron function down to betay* = 0.3 mm. To ensure detector longevity and maintain good reconstruction performance, beam backgrounds must remain well controlled. We report on current background rates in Belle II and compare these against simulation. We find that a number of recent refinements have significantly improved the background simulation accuracy. Finally, we estimate the safety margins going forward. We predict that backgrounds should remain high but acceptable until a luminosity of at least 2.8 x 1035 cm-2 s-1is reached for betay* = 0.6 mm. At this point, the most vulnerable Belle II detectors, the Time-of-Propagation (TOP) particle identification system and the Central Drift Chamber (CDC), have predicted background hit rates from single-beam and luminosity backgrounds that add up to approximately half of the maximum acceptable rates.  
  Address [Natochii, A.; Browder, T. E.; Schueler, J.; Vahsen, S. E.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA, Email: natochii@hawaii.edu;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher (up) Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:001056103200001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5626  
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