Addazi, A. et al, Martinez-Mirave, P., Mitsou, V. A., Palomares-Ruiz, S., Tortola, M., & Zornoza, J. D. (2022). Quantum gravity phenomenology at the dawn of the multi-messenger era-A review. Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 125, 103948–119pp.
Abstract: The exploration of the universe has recently entered a new era thanks to the multi-messenger paradigm, characterized by a continuous increase in the quantity and quality of experimental data that is obtained by the detection of the various cosmic messengers (photons, neutrinos, cosmic rays and gravitational waves) from numerous origins. They give us information about their sources in the universe and the properties of the intergalactic medium. Moreover, multi-messenger astronomy opens up the possibility to search for phenomenological signatures of quantum gravity. On the one hand, the most energetic events allow us to test our physical theories at energy regimes which are not directly accessible in accelerators; on the other hand, tiny effects in the propagation of very high energy particles could be amplified by cosmological distances. After decades of merely theoretical investigations, the possibility of obtaining phenomenological indications of Planck-scale effects is a revolutionary step in the quest for a quantum theory of gravity, but it requires cooperation between different communities of physicists (both theoretical and experimental). This review, prepared within the COST Action CA18108 “Quantum gravity phenomenology in the multi-messenger approach”, is aimed at promoting this cooperation by giving a state-of-the art account of the interdisciplinary expertise that is needed in the effective search of quantum gravity footprints in the production, propagation and detection of cosmic messengers.
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Wimmer, K. et al, Algora, A., & Rubio, B. (2018). Shape coexistence and isospin symmetry in A=70 nuclei: Spectroscopy of the T-z =-1 nucleus Kr-70. Phys. Lett. B, 785, 441–446.
Abstract: Excited states in the T-z = -1 nucleus Kr-70 have been populated using inelastic scattering of a radioactive Kr-70 beam as well as one- and two-neutron removal reactions from Kr-71,Kr-72 at intermediate beam energies. The level scheme of Kr-70 was constructed from the observed gamma-ray transitions and coincidences. Tentative spin and parity assignments were made based on comparison with the mirror nucleus Se-70. Asecond 2(+) state and a candidate for the corresponding 4(2)(+) state suggest shape coexistence in Kr-70.
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Ralet, D. et al, Gadea, A., & Perez, R. M. (2019). Evidence of octupole-phonons at high spin in Pb-207<bold> </bold>. Phys. Lett. B, 797, 134797–6pp.
Abstract: A lifetime measurement of the 19/2(-) state in Pb-207 has been performed using the Recoil Distance Doppler-Shift (RDDS) method. The nuclei of interest were produced in multi-nucleon transfer reactions induced by a Pb-208 beam impinging on a Mo-100 enriched target. The beam-like nuclei were detected<bold> </bold>and identified in terms of their atomic mass number in the VAMOS++ spectrometer while the prompt gamma rays were detected by the AGATA tracking array. The measured large reduced transition probability B(E3, 19/2(-) -> 13/2(+)) = 40(8) W.u. is the first indication of the octupole phonon at high spin in Pb-207. An analysis in terms of a particle-octupole-vibration coupling model indicates that the measured B(E3) value in Pb-207 is compatible with the contributions from single-phonon and single particle E3 as well as E3 strength arising from the double-octupole-phonon 6(+) state, all adding coherently. A crucial aspect of the coupling model, namely the strong mixing between single-hole and the phonon-hole states, is confirmed in a realistic shell-model calculation.
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Pasqualato, G. et al, Gadea, A., & Jurado, M. (2023). An alternative viewpoint on the nuclear structure towards 100Sn: Lifetime measurements in 105Sn. Phys. Lett. B, 845, 138148–7pp.
Abstract: This work aims at presenting an alternative approach to the long standing problem of the B(E2) values in Sn isotopes in the vicinity of the N=Z double-magic nucleus Sn-100, until now predominantly measured with relativistic and intermediate-energy Coulomb excitation reactions. The direct measurement of the lifetime of low-lying excited states in odd-even Sn isotopes provides a new and precise guidance for the theoretical description of the nuclear structure in this region. Lifetime measurements have been performed in Sn-105 for the first time with the coincidence Recoil Distance Doppler Shift technique. The lifetime results for the 7/2(1)(+) first excited state and the 11/2(1)(+) state, 2(+)(Sn-104) circle times nu 1g(7/2) multiplet member, are discussed in comparison with state-of-the-art shell model and mean field calculations, highlighting the crucial contribution of proton excitation across the core of Sn-100. The reduced transition probability B(E2) of the 11/2(1)(+) core-coupled state points out an enhanced staggering with respect to the B(E2; 2(1)(+) -> 0(1)(+)) in the even-mass Sn-104 and Sn-106 isotopes.
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Pajtler, M. V. et al, & Gadea, A. (2021). Excited states of Y-90,Y-92,Y-94 populated in Zr-90+Pb-208 multinucleon transfer reaction. Phys. Scr., 96(3), 035305–7pp.
Abstract: Multinucleon transfer reactions in Zr-90+Pb-208 have been studied via fragment-gamma coincidences, employing the PRISMA magnetic spectrometer coupled to the CLARA gamma-array. An analysis on Y isotopes has been carried out incorporating spectroscopic as well as reaction mechanism aspects. New gamma transitions have been observed in Y-94, confirming the findings of recent studies where nuclei were produced via fission of uranium, and a comparison with near-by Y-90,Y-92 isotopes populated in the same reaction has been discussed. Experimental cross sections have been extracted and compared with the GRAZING calculations, showing a fair agreement along the neutron pick-up side. The results confirm how multinucleon transfer reactions are a suitable mechanism for the study of neutron-rich nuclei.
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AGATA Collaboration, Farnea, E., Recchia, F., Bazzacco, D., Kroll, T., Podolyak, Z., et al. (2010). Conceptual design and Monte Carlo simulations of the AGATA array. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 621(1-3), 331–343.
Abstract: The aim of the Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) project is the construction of an array based on the novel concepts of pulse shape analysis and gamma-ray tracking with highly segmented Ge semiconductor detectors. The conceptual design of AGATA and its performance evaluation under different experimental conditions has required the development of a suitable Monte Carlo code. In this article, the description of the code as well as simulation results relevant for AGATA, are presented.
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AGATA Collaboration(Soderstrom, P. A. et al), & Gadea, A. (2011). Interaction position resolution simulations and in-beam measurements of the AGATA HPGe detectors. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 638(1), 96–109.
Abstract: The interaction position resolution of the segmented HPGe detectors of an AGATA triple cluster detector has been studied through Monte Carlo simulations and in an in-beam experiment. A new method based on measuring the energy resolution of Doppler-corrected gamma-ray spectra at two different target to detector distances is described. This gives the two-dimensional position resolution in the plane perpendicular to the direction of the emitted gamma-ray. The gamma-ray tracking was used to determine the full energy of the gamma-rays and the first interaction point, which is needed for the Doppler correction. Five different heavy-ion induced fusion-evaporation reactions and a reference reaction were selected for the simulations. The results of the simulations show that the method works very well and gives a systematic deviation of <1 mm in the FVVHM of the interaction position resolution for the gamma-ray energy range from 60 keV to 5 MeV. The method was tested with real data from an in-beam measurement using a (30)5i beam at 64 MeV on a thin C-12 target. Pulse-shape analysis of the digitized detector waveforms and gamma-ray tracking was performed to determine the position of the first interaction point, which was used for the Doppler corrections. Results of the dependency of the interaction position resolution on the gamma-ray energy and on the energy, axial location and type of the first interaction point, are presented. The FVVHM of the interaction position resolution varies roughly linearly as a function of gamma-ray energy from 8.5 mm at 250 key to 4 mm at 1.5 MeV, and has an approximately constant value of about 4 mm in the gamma-ray energy range from 1.5 to 4 MeV.
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AGATA Collaboration(Akkoyun, S. et al), Algora, A., Barrientos, D., Domingo-Pardo, C., Egea, F. J., Gadea, A., et al. (2012). AGATA-Advanced GAmma Tracking Array. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 668, 26–58.
Abstract: The Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) is a European project to develop and operate the next generation gamma-ray spectrometer. AGATA is based on the technique of gamma-ray energy tracking in electrically segmented high-purity germanium crystals. This technique requires the accurate determination of the energy, time and position of every interaction as a gamma ray deposits its energy within the detector volume. Reconstruction of the full interaction path results in a detector with very high efficiency and excellent spectral response. The realisation of gamma-ray tracking and AGATA is a result of many technical advances. These include the development of encapsulated highly segmented germanium detectors assembled in a triple cluster detector cryostat, an electronics system with fast digital sampling and a data acquisition system to process the data at a high rate. The full characterisation of the crystals was measured and compared with detector-response simulations. This enabled pulse-shape analysis algorithms, to extract energy, time and position, to be employed. In addition, tracking algorithms for event reconstruction were developed. The first phase of AGATA is now complete and operational in its first physics campaign. In the future AGATA will be moved between laboratories in Europe and operated in a series of campaigns to take advantage of the different beams and facilities available to maximise its science output. The paper reviews all the achievements made in the AGATA project including all the necessary infrastructure to operate and support the spectrometer.
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Domingo-Pardo, C. (2012). A new technique for 3D gamma-ray imaging: Conceptual study of a 3D camera. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 675, 123–132.
Abstract: A novel technique for 3D gamma-ray imaging is presented. This method combines the positron annihilation Compton scattering imaging technique with a supplementary position sensitive detector, which registers gamma-rays scattered in the object at angles of about 90 degrees. The 3D coordinates of the scattering location can be determined rather accurately by applying the Compton principle. This method requires access to the object from two orthogonal sides and allows one to achieve a position resolution of few mm in all three space coordinates. A feasibility study for a 3D camera is presented based on Monte Carlo calculations.
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AGATA Collaboration, Domingo-Pardo, C., Bazzacco, D., Doornenbal, P., Farnea, E., Gadea, A., et al. (2012). Conceptual design and performance study for the first implementation of AGATA at the in-flight RIB facility of GSI. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A, 694, 297–312.
Abstract: The main objective of the Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) is the investigation of the structure of exotic nuclei at the new generation of RIB facilities. As part of the preparatory phase for FAIR-NUSTAR, AGATA is going to be installed at the FRS fragmentation facility of the GSI centre for an experimental campaign to be performed in 2012 and 2013. Owing to its gamma-ray tracking capabilities and the envisaged enhancement in resolving power, a series of in-flight gamma-ray spectroscopy experiments are being planned. The present work describes the conceptual design of this first implementation of AGATA at GSI-FRS, and provides information about the expected performance figures. According to the characteristics of each particular experiment, it is foreseen that the target-array distance is adjusted in order to achieve the optimum compromise between detection efficiency and energy resolution, or to cover an specific angular range of the emitted electromagnetic radiation. Thus, a comprehensive Monte Carlo study of the detection sensitivity in terms of photopeak efficiency, resolution and peak-to-total ratio, as a function of the target-array distance is presented. Several configurations have been investigated, and MC-calculations indicate that a remarkable enhancement in resolving power can be achieved when double-cluster AGATA detectors are developed and implemented. Several experimental effects are also investigated. This concerns the impact of passive materials between the target and the array, the angular distribution of the detection efficiency and the influence of target thickness effects and transition lifetimes in the attainable detection sensitivity. A short overview on half-life measurements via lineshape effects utilizing AGATA is also presented. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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