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Author |
NEXT Collaboration (Martinez-Lema, G. et al); Benlloch-Rodriguez, J.M.; Carcel, S.; Carrion, J.V.; Diaz, J.; Felkai, R.; Kekic, M.; Lopez-March, N.; Martin-Albo, J.; Martinez, A.; Martinez-Vara, M.; Muñoz Vidal, J.; Novella, P.; Palmeiro, B.; Querol, M.; Renner, J.; Romo-Luque, C.; Sorel, M.; Uson, A.; Yahlali, N. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Sensitivity of the NEXT experiment to Xe-124 double electron capture |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
02 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
203 - 25pp |
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Keywords |
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments) |
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Abstract |
Double electron capture by proton-rich nuclei is a second-order nuclear process analogous to double beta decay. Despite their similarities, the decay signature is quite different, potentially providing a new channel to measure the hypothesized neutrinoless mode of these decays. The Standard-Model-allowed two-neutrino double electron capture (2 nu EC EC) has been predicted for a number of isotopes, but only observed in Kr-78, Ba-130 and, recently, Xe-124. The sensitivity to this decay establishes a benchmark for the ultimate experimental goal, namely the potential to discover also the lepton-number-violating neutrinoless version of this process, 0 nu EC EC. Here we report on the current sensitivity of the NEXT-White detector to Xe-124 2 nu EC EC and on the extrapolation to NEXT-100. Using simulated data for the 2 nu EC EC signal and real data from NEXT-White operated with Xe-124-depleted gas as background, we define an optimal event selection that maximizes the NEXT-White sensitivity. We estimate that, for NEXT-100 operated with xenon gas isotopically enriched with 1 kg of Xe-124 and for a 5-year run, a sensitivity to the 2 nu EC EC half-life of 6 x 10(22) y (at 90% confidence level) or better can be reached. |
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Address |
[Goldschmidt, A.; Hauptman, J.; Laing, A.; Martinez, A.; Para, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 12 Phys Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA, Email: gonzalo.martinez.lema@weizmann.ac.il |
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Springer |
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English |
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1029-8479 |
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Notes ![sorted by Notes field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
WOS:000624564800002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4749 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
NEXT Collaboration (Kekic, M. et al); Benlloch-Rodriguez, J.M.; Carcel, S.; Carrion, J.V.; Diaz, J.; Felkai, R.; Lopez-March, N.; Martin-Albo, J.; Martinez, A.; Martinez-Lema, G.; Martinez-Vara, M.; Muñoz Vidal, J.; Novella, P.; Palmeiro, B.; Querol, M.; Renner, J.; Romo-Luque, C.; Sorel, M.; Uson, A.; Yahlali, N. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Demonstration of background rejection using deep convolutional neural networks in the NEXT experiment |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
01 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
189 - 22pp |
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Keywords |
Dark Matter and Double Beta Decay (experiments) |
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Abstract |
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used state-of-the-art computer vision tools that are becoming increasingly popular in high-energy physics. In this paper, we attempt to understand the potential of CNNs for event classification in the NEXT experiment, which will search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in Xe-136. To do so, we demonstrate the usage of CNNs for the identification of electron-positron pair production events, which exhibit a topology similar to that of a neutrinoless double-beta decay event. These events were produced in the NEXT-White high-pressure xenon TPC using 2.6 MeV gamma rays from a Th-228 calibration source. We train a network on Monte Carlo-simulated events and show that, by applying on-the-fly data augmentation, the network can be made robust against differences between simulation and data. The use of CNNs offers significant improvement in signal efficiency and background rejection when compared to previous non-CNN-based analyses. |
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Address |
[Hauptman, J.; Nygren, D. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 12 Phys Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA, Email: marija.kekic@usc.es |
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Springer |
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1029-8479 |
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WOS:000616730800001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4729 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Villanueva-Domingo, P.; Villaescusa-Navarro, F. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Removing Astrophysics in 21 cm Maps with Neural Networks |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Astrophysical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Astrophys. J. |
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Volume |
907 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
44 - 14pp |
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Keywords |
Cosmology; Cold dark matter; Dark matter; Dark matter distribution; H I line emission; Intergalactic medium; Cosmological evolution; Convolutional neural networks; Large-scale structure of the universe |
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Abstract |
Measuring temperature fluctuations in the 21 cm signal from the epoch of reionization and the cosmic dawn is one of the most promising ways to study the universe at high redshifts. Unfortunately, the 21 cm signal is affected by both cosmology and astrophysics processes in a nontrivial manner. We run a suite of 1000 numerical simulations with different values of the main astrophysical parameters. From these simulations we produce tens of thousands of 21 cm maps at redshifts 10 <= z <= 20. We train a convolutional neural network to remove the effects of astrophysics from the 21 cm maps and output maps of the underlying matter field. We show that our model is able to generate 2D matter fields not only that resemble the true ones visually but whose statistical properties agree with the true ones within a few percent down to scales 2 Mpc(-1). We demonstrate that our neural network retains astrophysical information that can be used to constrain the value of the astrophysical parameters. Finally, we use saliency maps to try to understand which features of the 21 cm maps the network is using in order to determine the value of the astrophysical parameters. |
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Address |
[Villanueva-Domingo, Pablo] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, CSIC, Apartado Correos 22085, E-46071 Valencia, Spain, Email: Pablo.Villanueva@ific.uv.es; |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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0004-637x |
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Notes ![sorted by Notes field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
WOS:000612333400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4698 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Loya Villalpando, A.A.; Martin-Albo, J.; Chen, W.T.; Guenette, R.; Lego, C.; Park, J.S.; Capasso, F. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Improving the light collection efficiency of silicon photomultipliers through the use of metalenses |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
P11021 - 13pp |
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Keywords |
Optical detector readout concepts; Solid state detectors; Dark Matter detectors (WIMPS, axions, etc); Double-beta decay detectors |
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Abstract |
Metalenses are optical devices that implement nanostructures as phase shifters to focus incident light. Their compactness and simple fabrication make them a potential cost-effective solution for increasing light collection efficiency in particle detectors with limited photosensitive area coverage. Here we report on the characterization and performance of metalenses in increasing the light collection efficiency of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) of various sizes using an LED of 630 nm, and find a six to seven-fold increase in signal for a 1.3 x 1 3 mm(2) SiPM when coupled with a 10-mm-diameter metalens manufactured using deep ultraviolet stepper lithography. Such improvements could be valuable for future generations of particle detectors, particularly those employed in rare-event searches such as dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay. |
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Address |
[Villalpando, A. A. Loya; Martin-Albo, J.; Guenette, R.; Lego, C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA, Email: aloyavil@caltech.edu |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
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WOS:000595650800009 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4634 |
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Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Melchiorri, A.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
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Title |
Interacting dark energy in the early 2020s: A promising solution to the H-0 and cosmic shear tensions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physics of the Dark Universe |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Dark Universe |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100666 - 12pp |
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Keywords |
Hubble tension; Cosmological parameters; Dark matter; Dark energy; Interacting dark energy |
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Abstract |
We examine interactions between dark matter and dark energy in light of the latest cosmological observations, focusing on a specific model with coupling proportional to the dark energy density. Our data includes Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements from the Planck 2018 legacy data release, late-time measurements of the expansion history from Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Supernovae Type Ia (SNeIa), galaxy clustering and cosmic shear measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results, and the 2019 local distance ladder measurement of the Hubble constant H-0 from the Hubble Space Telescope. Considering Planck data both in combination with BAO or SNeIa data reduces the H-0 tension to a level which could possibly be compatible with a statistical fluctuation. The very same model also significantly reduces the Omega(m) – sigma(8) tension between CMB and cosmic shear measurements. Interactions between the dark sectors of our Universe remain therefore a promising joint solution to these persisting cosmological tensions. |
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Address |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England, Email: eleonora.divalentino@manchester.ac.uk; |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
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English |
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ISSN |
2212-6864 |
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Notes ![sorted by Notes field, descending order (down)](img/sort_desc.gif) |
WOS:000595300400037 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4646 |
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Permanent link to this record |