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Bejarano, C., Delhom, A., Jimenez-Cano, A., Olmo, G. J., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2020). Geometric inequivalence of metric and Palatini formulations of General Relativity. Phys. Lett. B, 802, 135275–4pp.
Abstract: Projective invariance is a symmetry of the Palatini version of General Relativity which is not present in the metric formulation. The fact that the Riemann tensor changes nontrivially under projective transformations implies that, unlike in the usual metric approach, in the Palatini formulation this tensor is subject to a gauge freedom, which allows some ambiguities even in its scalar contractions. In this sense, we show that for the Schwarzschild solution there exists a projective gauge in which the (affine) Kretschmann scalar, K (R beta μnu R alpha beta μnu)-R-alpha, can be set to vanish everywhere. This puts forward that the divergence of curvature scalars may, in some cases, be avoided by a gauge transformation of the connection.
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Escrihuela, F. J., Flores, L. J., & Miranda, O. G. (2020). Neutrino counting experiments and non-unitarity from LEP and future experiments. Phys. Lett. B, 802, 135241–8pp.
Abstract: Non-unitarity of the neutrino mixing matrix is expected in many scenarios with physics beyond the Standard Model. Motivated by the search for deviations from unitary, we study two neutrino counting observables: the neutrino-antineutrino gamma process and the invisible Z boson decay into neutrinos. We report on new constraints for non-unitarity coming from the first of these observables. We study the potential constraints that future collider experiments will give from the invisible decay of the Z boson, that will be measured with improved precision.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aad, G. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2020). Z boson production in Pb plus Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV measured by the ATLAS experiment. Phys. Lett. B, 802, 135262–23pp.
Abstract: The production yield of Z bosons is measured in the electron and muon decay channels in Pb+Pb collisions at /S-NN = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Data from the 2015 LHC run corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.49 nb(-1) are used for the analysis. The Z boson yield, normalised by the total number of minimum-bias events and the mean nuclear thickness function, is measured as a function of dilepton rapidity and event centrality. The measurements in Pb+Pb collisions are compared with similar measurements made in proton-proton collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy. The nuclear modification factor is found to be consistent with unity for all centrality intervals. The results are compared with theoretical predictions obtained at next-to-leading order using nucleon and nuclear parton distribution functions. The normalised Z boson yields in Pb+Pb collisions lie 1-3a above the predictions. The nuclear modification factor measured as a function of rapidity agrees with unity and is consistent with a next-to-leading-order QCD calculation including the isospin effect.
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Baxter, D., Collar, J. I., Coloma, P., Dahl, C. E., Esteban, I., Ferrario, P., et al. (2020). Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at the European Spallation Source. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 123–38pp.
Abstract: The European Spallation Source (ESS), presently well on its way to completion, will soon provide the most intense neutron beams for multi-disciplinary science. Fortuitously, it will also generate the largest pulsed neutrino flux suitable for the detection of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CE nu NS), a process recently measured for the first time at ORNL's Spallation Neutron Source. We describe innovative detector technologies maximally able to profit from the order-of-magnitude increase in neutrino flux provided by the ESS, along with their sensitivity to a rich particle physics phenomenology accessible through high-statistics, precision CE nu NS measurements.
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Blas, D., Caputo, A., Ivanov, M. M., & Sberna, L. (2020). No chiral light bending by clumps of axion-like particles. Phys. Dark Universe, 27, 100428–4pp.
Abstract: We study the propagation of light in the presence of a parity-violating coupling between photons and axion-like particles (ALPs). Naively, this interaction could lead to a split of light rays into two separate beams of different polarization chirality and with different refraction angles. However, by using the eikonal method we explicitly show that this is not the case and that ALP clumps do not produce any spatial birefringence. This happens due to non-trivial variations of the photon's frequency and wavevector, which absorb time-derivatives and gradients of the ALP field. We argue that these variations represent a new way to probe the ALP-photon coupling with precision frequency measurements.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., et al. (2020). First Observation of Excited Omega(-)(b) States. Phys. Rev. Lett., 124(8), 082002–12pp.
Abstract: We report four narrow peaks in the Xi K-0(b)- mass spectrum obtained using pp collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb(-1) recorded by the LHCb experiment. Referring to these states by their mass, the mass values are m[Omega(b)(6316)(-)] = 6315.64 +/- 0.31 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.50 MeV, m[Omega(b)(6330)(-)] = 6330.30 +/- 0.28 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.50 MeV, m[Omega(b)(6340)(-)] = 6339.71 +/- 0.26 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.50 MeV, m[Omega(b)(6350)(-)] = 6349.88 +/- 0.35 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.50 MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and the last is due to the knowledge of the Xi(0)(b) mass. The natural widths of the three lower mass states are consistent with zero, and the 90% confidence-level upper limits are determined to be Gamma[Omega(b)(6316)(-)] < 2.8 MeV, Gamma[Omega(b)(6330)(-)] < 3.1 MeV and Gamma[Omega(b)(6340)-] < 1.5 MeV. The natural width of the Omega(b)(6350)(-) peak is 1.4(-0.8)(+1.0) +/- 0.1 MeV, which is 2.5 sigma from zero and corresponds to an upper limit of 2.8 MeV. The peaks have local significances ranging from 3.6 sigma to 7.2 sigma. After accounting for the look-elsewhere effect, the significances of the Omega(b)(6316)(-) and Omega(b)(6330)(-) peaks are reduced to 2.1 sigma and 2.6 sigma, respectively, while the two higher mass peaks exceed 5 sigma. The observed peaks are consistent with expectations for excited Omega(-)(b) resonances.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2020). Search for electroweak production of charginos and sleptons decaying into final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum in root s=13 TeV pp collisions using the ATLAS detector. Eur. Phys. J. C, 80(2), 123–33pp.
Abstract: A search for the electroweak production of charginos and sleptons decaying into final states with two electrons or muons is presented. The analysis is based on 139 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at v s = 13 TeV. Three R-parity-conserving scenarios where the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle are considered: the production of chargino pairs with decays via eitherW bosons or sleptons, and the direct production of slepton pairs. The analysis is optimised for the first of these scenarios, but the results are also interpreted in the others. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectations are observed and limits at 95% confidence level are set on the masses of relevant supersymmetric particles in each of the scenarios. For a massless lightest neutralino, masses up to 420 GeV are excluded for the production of the lightest-chargino pairs assuming W-boson-mediated decays and up to 1 TeV for slepton-mediated decays, whereas for slepton-pair production masses up to 700 GeV are excluded assuming three generations of mass-degenerate sleptons.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aad, G. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Cabrera Urban, S., Castillo, F. L., et al. (2020). Measurement of differential cross sections for single diffractive dissociation in root s=8 TeV pp collisions using the ATLAS ALFA spectrometer. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 42–37pp.
Abstract: A dedicated sample of Large Hadron Collider proton-proton collision data at centre-of-mass energy s= 8 TeV is used to study inclusive single diffractive dissociation, pp -> X p. The intact final-state proton is reconstructed in the ATLAS ALFA forward spectrometer, while charged particles from the dissociated system X are measured in the central detector components. The fiducial range of the measurement is -4.0 < log(10)xi < -1.6 and 0.016 < |t| < 0.43 GeV2, where xi is the proton fractional energy loss and t is the squared four-momentum transfer. The total cross section integrated across the fiducial range is 1.59 +/- 0.13 mb. Cross sections are also measured differentially as functions of xi, t, and increment eta, a variable that characterises the rapidity gap separating the proton and the system X . The data are consistent with an exponential t dependence, d sigma/dt proportional to e(Bt) with slope parameter B = 7.65 +/- 0.34 GeV-2. Interpreted in the framework of triple Regge phenomenology, the xi dependence leads to a pomeron intercept of alpha(0) = 1.07 +/- 0.09.
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Cirigliano, V., Gisbert, H., Pich, A., & Rodriguez-Sanchez, A. (2020). Isospin-violating contributions to epsilon '/epsilon. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 032–44pp.
Abstract: The known isospin-breaking contributions to the K -> pi pi amplitudes are reanalyzed, taking into account our current understanding of the quark masses and the relevant non-perturbative inputs. We present a complete numerical reappraisal of the direct CP-violating ratio is an element of(')/is an element of, where these corrections play a quite significant role. We obtain the Standard Model prediction Re (is an element of(')/is an element of) = (14 +/- 5) <bold> </bold>10(-4), which is in very good agreement with the measured ratio. The uncertainty, which has been estimated conservatively, is dominated by our current ignorance about 1/N-C-suppressed contributions to some relevant chiral-perturbation-theory low-energy constants.
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Ikeno, N., Dai, L. R., & Oset, E. (2020). Meson exchange between initial and final state and the R-D ratio in the B-bar -> D nu-bar l (nu_tau-bar tau) reactions. Eur. Phys. J. A, 56(2), 73–12pp.
Abstract: We perform a calculation of the strong interaction effects between the B and D mesons in the B -> D nu l reaction, as a crossing process of reactions with BD in the final state, where the strong interaction between the mesons leads to a bound BD state. We find corrections to the tree level amplitude of the order of 15-25%. We further see the effect of the corrections studied in the R-D ratio for the rates of B -> D nu and B. D decays and find corrections of the order of 10%. Given the claims of 1.5% precision in this ratio from fits to data within the standardmodel, any theoretical model aiming at describing this ratio within the same precision must take into account the corrections described in the present work.
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