Wasilewska, B. et al, & Gaudilla, V. (2022). gamma decay to the ground state from the excitations above the neutron threshold in the Pb-208(p, p ' gamma) reaction at 85 MeV. Phys. Rev. C, 105(1), 014310–7pp.
Abstract: A new measurement of gamma decay from the states above the neutron threshold in Pb-208 has been performed at Cyclotron Centre Bronowice in Krakow, Poland. The main goal of the experiment was to observe the gamma decay to the ground state from the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR). To this day, the only published observation of this phenomenon dates back to the late 1980s, where gamma decay to the ground state branching ratio was reported. At variance with the existing measurement using inelastic scattering of O-17, here proton inelastic scattering is employed. In particular, data were obtained for Pb-208(p, p'gamma) at 85 MeV beam energy, where gamma rays were measured for proton scattering angles 8.9 degrees, 10.7 degrees, 12.5 degrees, and 14.3 degrees. By applying a similar analysis method as in the previous experiment, the branching ratio of ISGQR gamma decay to the ground state was extracted from the data.
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Belanger, G., Bharucha, A., Fuks, B., Goudelis, A., Heisig, J., Jueid, A., et al. (2022). Leptoquark manoeuvres in the dark: a simultaneous solution of the dark matter problem and the R-D(*) anomalies. J. High Energy Phys., 02(2), 042–58pp.
Abstract: The measured branching fractions of B-mesons into leptonic final states derived by the LHCb, Belle and BaBar collaborations hint towards the breakdown of lepton flavour universality. In this work we take at face value the so-called R-D(()*()) observables that are defined as the ratios of neutral B-meson charged-current decays into a D-(*())-meson, a charged lepton and a neutrino final state in the tau and light lepton channels. A well-studied and simple solution to this charged current anomaly is to introduce a scalar leptoquark S-1 that couples to the second and third generation of fermions. We investigate how S-1 can also serve as a mediator between the Standard Model and a dark sector. We study this scenario in detail and estimate the constraints arising from collider searches for leptoquarks, collider searches for missing energy signals, direct detection experiments and the dark matter relic abundance. We stress that the production of a pair of leptoquarks that decays into different final states (i.e. the commonly called “mixed” channels) provides critical information for identifying the underlying dynamics, and we exemplify this by studying the t tau b nu and the resonant S-1 plus missing energy channels. We find that direct detection data provides non-negligible constraints on the leptoquark coupling to the dark sector, which in turn affects the relic abundance. We also show that the correct relic abundance can not only arise via standard freeze-out, but also through conversion-driven freeze-out. We illustrate the rich phenomenology of the model with a few selected benchmark points, providing a broad stroke of the interesting connection between lepton flavour universality violation and dark matter.
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Fernandez-Silvestre, D., Foo, J., & Good, M. R. R. (2022). On the duality of Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime and moving mirror. Class. Quantum Gravity, 39(5), 055006–18pp.
Abstract: The Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) metric is the simplest spacetime solution in general relativity with both a black hole event horizon and a cosmological event horizon. Since the Schwarzschild metric is the most simple solution of Einstein's equations with spherical symmetry and the de Sitter metric is the most simple solution of Einstein's equations with a positive cosmological constant, the combination in the SdS metric defines an appropriate background geometry for semi-classical investigation of Hawking radiation with respect to past and future horizons. Generally, the black hole temperature is larger than that of the cosmological horizon, so there is heat flow from the smaller black hole horizon to the larger cosmological horizon, despite questions concerning the definition of the relative temperature of the black hole without a measurement by an observer sitting in an asymptotically flat spacetime. Here we investigate the accelerating boundary correspondence of the radiation in SdS spacetime without such a problem. We have solved for the boundary dynamics, energy flux and asymptotic particle spectrum. The distribution of particles is globally non-thermal while asymptotically the radiation reaches equilibrium.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2022). Analysis of Neutral B-Meson Decays into Two Muons. Phys. Rev. Lett., 128(4), 041801–13pp.
Abstract: The branching fraction B(B-s(0)->mu(+)mu(-)) = (3.09(-0.43-0.11)(+0.46+0.15)) x 10(-9) and the effective lifetime to tau(B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)) = 2.07 +/- 0.29 +/- 0.03 ps are measured, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. No significant signal for B-0 ->mu(+)mu(-)gamma) and B-s(0)->mu(+)mu(-)gamma decays is found and upper limits B(B(B-0 ->mu(+)mu(-)) < 2.6 x 10(-10) and B(B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)gamma) < 2.0 x 10(-9) at the 95% C.L. are determined, where the latter is limited to the range m(mu mu) > 4.9 GeV/c(2). The results are in agreement with the standard model expectations.Branching fraction and effective lifetime measurements of the rare decay B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) and searches for the decays B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)gamma are reported using proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a luminosity of 9 fb(-1).
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2022). Measurement of the B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) decay properties and search for the B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) gamma decays. Phys. Rev. D, 105(1), 012010–34pp.
Abstract: An improved measurement of the decay B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) and searches for the decays B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)gamma are performed at the LHCb experiment using data collected in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 1, 2 and 6 fb(-1), respectively. The B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) branching fraction and effective lifetime are measured to be B(B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)) = (3.09(-0.43-0.11)(+0.46+0.15)) x 10(-9) and tau(B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)) = (2.07 +/- 0.29 +/- 0.03) ps, respectively, where the uncertain-ties include both statistical and systematic contributions. No significant signal for B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) gamma decays is found and the upper limits B(B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-)) < 2.6 x 10(-10) and B(B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-)gamma) 2.0 x 10(-9) at 95% confidence level are determined, where the latter is limited to the range m(mu mu) > 4.9 GeV/c(2). Additionally, the ratio between the B-0 -> mu(+)mu(-) and B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) branching fractions is measured to be R mu+mu- < 0.095 at 95% confidence level. The results are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions.
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