Bodenstein, S., Bordes, J., Dominguez, C. A., Peñarrocha, J., & Schilcher, K. (2012). Bottom-quark mass from finite energy QCD sum rules. Phys. Rev. D, 85(3), 034003–5pp.
Abstract: Finite energy QCD sum rules involving both inverse-and positive-moment integration kernels are employed to determine the bottom-quark mass. The result obtained in the (MS) over bar scheme at a reference scale of 10 GeV is m (m) over bar (b)(10 GeV) = 3623(9) MeV. This value translates into a scale-invariant mass (m) over bar (b)((m) over bar (b)) = 4171(9) MeV. This result has the lowest total uncertainty of any method, and is less sensitive to a number of systematic uncertainties that affect other QCD sum rule determinations.
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de Adelhart Toorop, R., Bazzocchi, F., & Morisi, S. (2012). Quark mixing in the discrete dark matter model. Nucl. Phys. B, 856(3), 670–681.
Abstract: We consider a model in which dark matter is stable as it is charged under a Z(2) symmetry that is residual after an A(4) flavour symmetry is broken. We consider the possibility to generate the quark masses by charging the quarks appropriately under A(4). We find that it is possible to generate the CKM mixing matrix by an interplay of renormalisable and dimension-six operators. In this set-up, we predict the third neutrino mixing angle to be large and the dark matter relic density to be in the correct range. Low energy observables – in particular meson-antimeson oscillations – are hard to facilitate. We find that only in a situation where there is a strong cancellation between the Standard Model contribution and the contribution of the new Higgs fields, B meson oscillations are under control.
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Kittel, O., & Pilaftsis, A. (2012). CP violation in correlated production and decay of unstable particles. Nucl. Phys. B, 856(3), 682–697.
Abstract: We study resonant CP-violating Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations that may take place in the production and decay of unstable scalar particles at high-energy colliders. We show that as a consequence of unitarity and CPT invariance of the S-matrix, in 2 -> 2 scatterings mediated by mixed scalar particles, at least three linearly independent decay matrices associated with the unstable scalar states are needed to obtain non-zero CP-odd observables that are also odd under C-conjugation. Instead, for the correlated production and decay of two unstable particle systems in 2 -> 4 processes, we find that only two independent decay matrices are sufficient to induce a net non-vanishing CP-violating phenomenon. As an application of this theorem, we present numerical estimates of CP asymmetries for the correlated production and decay of supersymmetric scalar top anti-top pairs at the LHC, and demonstrate that these could reach values of order one. As a byproduct of our analysis, we develop a novel spinorial trace technique, which enables us to efficiently evaluate lengthy expressions of squared amplitudes describing the resonant scalar transitions.
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Ledwig, T., Martin-Camalich, J., Pascalutsa, V., & Vanderhaeghen, M. (2012). Nucleon and Delta(1232) form factors at low momentum transfer and small pion masses. Phys. Rev. D, 85(3), 034013–25pp.
Abstract: An expansion of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon and Delta(1232) in small momentum transfer and pion mass is performed in a manifestly covariant EFT framework consistent with chiral symmetry and analyticity. We present the expressions for the nucleon and Delta(1232) electromagnetic form factors, charge radii, and electromagnetic moments in the framework of SU(2) baryon chiral perturbation theory, with nucleon and Delta-isobar degrees of freedom, to next-to-leading order. Motivated by the results for the proton electric radius obtained from the muonic-hydrogen atom and electron-scattering process, we extract values for the second derivative of the electric form factor which is a genuine prediction of the p(3) B chi PT. The chiral behavior of radii and moments is studied and compared to that obtained in the heavy-baryon framework and lattice QCD. The chiral behavior of Delta(1232)-isobar properties exhibits cusps and singularities at the threshold of Delta -> pi N decay, and their physical significance is discussed.
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Iocco, F., Taoso, M., Leclercq, F., & Meynet, G. (2012). Main Sequence Stars with Asymmetric Dark Matter. Phys. Rev. Lett., 108(6), 061301–5pp.
Abstract: We study the effects of feebly or nonannihilating weakly interacting dark matter (DM) particles on stars that live in DM environments denser than that of our Sun. We find that the energy transport mechanism induced by DM particles can produce unusual conditions in the cores of main sequence stars, with effects which can potentially be used to probe DM properties. We find that solar mass stars placed in DM densities of rho(chi) >= 10(2) GeV/cm(3) are sensitive to spin-dependent scattering cross section sigma(SD) >= 10(-37) cm(2) and a DM particle mass as low as m(chi) = 5 GeV, accessing a parameter range weakly constrained by current direct detection experiments.
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