LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2021). Simultaneous determination of CKM angle gamma and charm mixing parameters. J. High Energy Phys., 12(12), 141–32pp.
Abstract: A combination of measurements sensitive to the CP violation angle gamma of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity triangle and to the charm mixing parameters that describe oscillations between D-0 and (D) over bar (0) mesons is performed. Results from the charm and beauty sectors, based on data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider, are combined for the first time. This method provides an improvement on the precision of the charm mixing parameter y by a factor of two with respect to the current world average. The charm mixing parameters are determined to be x = (0.400(-0.053)(+0.052))% and y = (0.630(-0.030)(+0.033))%. The angle gamma is found to be gamma = (65.4(-4.2)(+3.8))degrees and is the most precise determination from a single experiment.
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Barenboim, G., Blinov, N., & Stebbins, A. (2021). Smallest remnants of early matter domination. J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys., 12(12), 026–50pp.
Abstract: The evolution of the universe prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis could have gone through a phase of early matter domination which enhanced the growth of small-scale dark matter structure. If this period was long enough, self-gravitating objects formed prior to reheating. We study the evolution of these dense early halos through reheating. At the end of early matter domination, the early halos undergo rapid expansion and eventually eject their matter. We find that this process washes out structure on scales much larger than naively expected from the size of the original halos. We compute the density profiles of the early halo remnants and use them to construct late-time power spectra that include these non-linear effects. We evolve the resulting power spectrum to estimate the properties of microhalos that would form after matter-radiation equality. Surprisingly, cosmologies with a short period of early matter domination lead to an earlier onset of microhalo formation compared to those with a long period. In either case, dark matter structure formation begins much earlier than in the standard cosmology, with most dark matter bound in microhalos in the late universe.
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Bordes, J., Chan, H. M., & Tsou, S. T. (2021). delta(CP) for leptons and a new take on CP physics with the FSM. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 36, 2150236–22pp.
Abstract: A bonus of the framed Standard Model (FSM), constructed initially to explain the mass and mixing patterns of quarks and leptons, is a solution (without axions) of the strong CP problem by cancelling the theta-angle term theta(I) Tr(H-mu v H-mu v*) in coloura by a chiral transformation on a quark zero mode which is inherent in FSM, and produces thereby a CP-violating phase in the CKM matrix similar in size to what is observed.' Extending here to flavour, one finds that there are two terms proportional to Tr(G(mu v) G(mu v)*): (a) in the action from flavour instantons with unknown coefficient, say theta(I)', (b) induced by the above FSM solution to the strong CP-problem with therefore known coefficient theta(C)'. Both terms can be cancelled in the FSM by a chiral transformation on the lepton zero mode to give a Jarlskog invariant J' in the PMNS matrix for leptons of order 10(-2), as is hinted by the experiment. But if, as suggested in Ref. 2, the term theta(I)' is to be cancelled by a chiral transformation in the predicted hidden sector to solve the strong CP problem therein, leaving only the term theta(C)' to be cancelled by the chiral transformation on leptons, then the following prediction results: J' similar to -0.012 (delta(CP)'similar to (1.11)pi) which is (i) of the right order, (ii) of the right sign and (iii) in the range favoured by the present experiment. Together with the earlier result for quarks, this offers an attractive unified treatment of all known CP physics.
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Bordes, J., Chan, H. M., & Tsou, S. T. (2021). Unified FSM treatment of CP physics extended to hidden sector giving (i) delta(CP) for leptons as prediction, (ii) new hints on the material content of the universe. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 36, 2150238–19pp.
Abstract: A unified treatment of CP physics for quarks and leptons in the framed Standard Model (FSM) is extended to include the predicted hidden sector giving as consequences: (i) that an earlier part estimate of the Jarlskog invariant J' for leptons is turned into a prediction for its actual value, i.e. J' similar to -0.012 (delta(CP)' similar to 1.11 pi), which is of the right order of magnitude, of the right sign, and in the range of values favoured by the present experiment, (ii) some novel twists to the effects of CP-violation on the material content of the universe.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2021). Search for the doubly charmed baryon Xi(+)(cc) in the Xi(+)(c)pi(-)pi(+) final state. J. High Energy Phys., 12(12), 107–27pp.
Abstract: A search for the doubly charmed baryon Xi(+)(cc) is performed in the Xi(+)(c)pi(-)pi(+ )invariant-mass spectrum, where the Xi(-)(cc) baryon is reconstructed in the pK(-)pi(+) final state. The study uses proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at a centreof-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb(-1). No significant signal is observed in the invariant-mass range of 3.4-3.8 GeV/c(2). Upper limits are set on the ratio of branching fractions multiplied by the production cross-section with respect to the Xi(++)(cc) -> (Xi(+)(c) -> pK(-)pi(+)+/-)pi(+ ) decay for different Xi(+)(cc) mass and lifetime hy- potheses in the rapidity range from 2.0 to 4.5 and the transverse momentum range from 2.5 to 25 GeV/c. The results from this search are combined with a previously published search for the Xi(+)(cc) -> A(c)(+)K(-)pi(+ ) decay mode, yielding a maximum local significance of 4.0 standard deviations around the mass of 3620 MeV/c(2), including systematic uncertainties. Taking into account the look-elsewhere effect in the 3.5-3.7 GeV/c(2) mass window, the combined global significance is 2.9 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties.
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