ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., Castillo Gimenez, V., Cerda Alberich, L., et al. (2018). Measurement of colour flow using jet-pull observables in in t(t)over-bar events with the ATLAS experiment at root s=13 TeV. Eur. Phys. J. C, 78(10), 847–31pp.
Abstract: Previous studies have shown that weighted angular moments derived from jet constituents encode the colour connections between partons that seed the jets. This paper presents measurements of two such distributions, the jet-pull angle and jet-pull magnitude, both of which are derived from the jet-pull angular moment. The measurement is performed in delivered by the Large Hadron Collider. The observables are measured for two dijet systems, corresponding to the colour-connected daughters of the Wboson and the two b-jets from the top-quark decays, which are not expected to be colour connected. To allow the comparison of the measured distributions to colour model predictions, the measured distributions are unfolded to particle level, after correcting for experimental effects introduced by the detector. While good agreement can be found for some combinations of predictions and observables, none of the predictions describes the data well across all observables.
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Romero-Lopez, F., Rusetsky, A., & Urbach, C. (2018). Two- and three-body interactions in phi 4 theory from lattice simulations. Eur. Phys. J. C, 78(10), 846–15pp.
Abstract: We calculate the one-, two- and three-particle energy levels for different lattice volumes in the complex phi(4) theory on the lattice. We argue that the exponentially suppressed finite-volume corrections for the two- and three-particle energy shifts can be reduced significantly by using the single particle mass, which includes the finite-size effects. We show numerically that, for a set of bare parameters, corresponding to the weak repulsive interaction, one can reliably extract the two- and three-particle energy shifts. From those, we extract the scattering length, the effective range and the effective three-body coupling. We show that the parameters, extracted from the two- and three-particle energy shifts, are consistent. Moreover, the effective three-body coupling is significantly different from zero.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Bailey, A. J., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., Castillo, F. L., et al. (2018). Probing the Quantum Interference between Singly and Doubly Resonant Top-Quark Production in pp Collisions at root s=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector. Phys. Rev. Lett., 121(15), 152002–20pp.
Abstract: This Letter presents a normalized differential cross-section measurement in a fiducial phase-space region where interference effects between top-quark pair production and associated production of a single top quark with a W boson and a b-quark are significant. Events with exactly two leptons (ee, μmu, or e mu) and two b-tagged jets that satisfy a multiparticle invariant mass requirement are selected from 36.1 fb(-1) of protonproton collision data taken at root s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The results are compared with predictions from simulations using various strategies for the interference. The standard prescriptions for interference modeling are significantly different from each other but are within 2 sigma of the data. State-of-the-art predictions that naturally incorporate interference effects provide the best description of the data in the measured region of phase space most sensitive to these effects. These results provide an important constraint on interference models and will guide future model development and tuning.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., et al. (2018). Observation of B-s(0) -> (D)over-bar*(0)phi and search for B-0 -> (D)over-bar(0)phi decays. Phys. Rev. D, 98(7), 071103–10pp.
Abstract: The first observation of the B-s(0) -> (D) over bar*(0)phi decay is reported, with a significance of more than seven standard deviations, from an analysis of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb -1 , collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The branching fraction is measured relative to that of the topologically similar decay B-0 -> (D) over bar (0)pi(+)pi(-) and is found to be B(B-s(0) -> (D) over bar*(0)phi) = (3.7 +/- 05 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5), where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third from the branching fraction of the B-0 -> (D) over bar (0)pi(+)pi(-) decay. The fraction of longitudinal polarization in this decay is measured to be f(L) = (73 +/- 15 +/- 4)%. The most precise determination of the branching fraction for the B-s(0) -> (D) over bar (0)phi decay is also obtained, B(B-s(0) -> (D) over bar (0)phi) = (3.0 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.2 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5). An upper limit, B(B-s(0) -> (D) over bar (0)phi) < 2.0 (2.3) x 10(-6) at 90% (95%) confidence level is set. A constraint on the omega – phi mixing angle delta is set at vertical bar delta vertical bar < 5.2 degrees (5.5 degrees) at 90% (95%) confidence level.
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Pavao, R., & Oset, E. (2018). Coupled channels dynamics in the generation of the Omega (2012) resonance. Eur. Phys. J. C, 78(10), 857–8pp.
Abstract: We look into the newly observed Omega (2012) state from the molecular perspective in which the resonance is generated from the (K) over bar Xi*, eta Omega and (K) over bar Xi channels. We find that this picture provides a natural explanation of the properties of the Omega (2012) state. We stress that the molecular nature of the resonance is revealed with a large coupling of the Omega (2012) to the (K) over bar Xi* channel, that can be observed in the Omega (2012) -> (K) over bar pi Xi decay which is incorporated automatically in our chiral unitary approach via the use of the spectral function of Xi* in the evaluation of the (K) over bar Xi* loop function.
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Bonilla, C., Modak, T., Srivastava, R., & Valle, J. W. F. (2018). U(1)(B3-3L2) gauge symmetry as a simple description of b -> s anomalies. Phys. Rev. D, 98(9), 095002–11pp.
Abstract: We present a simple U(1)(B3-3L2) gauge standard model extension that can easily account for the anomalies in R(K) and R(K*) reported by LHCb. The model is economical in its setup and particle content. Among the standard model fermions, only the third generation quark family and the second generation leptons transform nontrivially under the new U(1)(B3-3L2) symmetry. This leads to lepton nonuniversality and flavor changing neutral currents involving the second and third quark families. We discuss the relevant experimental constraints and some implications.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Garcia Martin, L. M., Henry, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., et al. (2018). Observation of the decay B-s(0) -> (D)over-bar(0)K (+) K-. Phys. Rev. D, 98(7), 072006–19pp.
Abstract: The first observation of the B-s(0) -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K- decay is reported, together with the most precise branching fraction measurement of the mode B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K- The results are obtained from an analysis of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1). The data were collected with the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, The branching fraction of the B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K- decay is measured relative to that of the decay B-0 -> (D) over bar (0)pi (+) pi(-) to be B(B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K-)/B(B-0 -> (D) over bar (0)pi (+) pi(-)) =(69 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.3)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The measured branching fraction of the B-s(0) -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K- decay mode relative to that of the corresponding B-0 decay is B(B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K-)/B(B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K-) = (93.0 +/- 809 +/- 6.9)%. Using the known branching fraction of B-0 -> (D) over bar (0)pi (+) pi(-), the values of B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K- = (6.1 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.3) x 10(-5) and B(B-s(0) -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K- = (5.7 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.5) x 10(-5) are obtained, where the third uncertainties arise from the branching fraction of the decay modes B-0 -> (D) over bar (0)pi (+) pi(-) and B-0 -> (D) over bar K-0 (+) K-, respectively.
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Caputo, A., Pena-Garay, C., & Witte, S. J. (2018). Looking for axion dark matter in dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Phys. Rev. D, 98(8), 083024–6pp.
Abstract: We study the extent to which the decay of cold dark matter axions can be probed with forthcoming radio telescopes such as the Square Kilometer Array (SKA). In particular, we focus on signals arising from dwarf spheroidal galaxies, where astrophysical uncertainties are reduced and the expected magnetic field strengths are such that signals arising from axion decay may dominate over axion-photon conversion in a magnetic field. We show that with similar to 100 hr of observing time, SKA could improve current sensitivity by 2-3 orders of magnitude-potentially obtaining sufficient sensitivity to begin probing the decay of cold dark matter axions.
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Harko, T., Koivisto, T. S., Lobo, F. S. N., Olmo, G. J., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2018). Coupling matter in modified Q gravity. Phys. Rev. D, 98(8), 084043–13pp.
Abstract: We present a novel theory of gravity by considering an extension of symmetric teleparallel gravity. This is done by introducing, in the framework of the metric-affine formalism, a new class of theories where the nonmetricity Q is nonminimally coupled to the matter Lagrangian. More specifically, we consider a Lagrangian of the form L similar to f(1)(Q) + f(2)(Q)L-M, where f(1) and f(2) are generic functions of Q, and L-M is the matter Lagrangian. This nonminimal coupling entails the nonconservation of the energy-momentum tensor, and consequently the appearance of an extra force. The formulation of the gravity sector in terms of the Q instead of the curvature may result in subtle improvements of the theory. In the context of nonminimal matter couplings, we are therefore motivated to explore whether the new geometrical formulation in terms of the Q, when implemented also in the matter sector, would allow more universally consistent and viable realizations of the nonminimal coupling. Furthermore, we consider several cosmological applications by presenting the evolution equations and imposing specific functional forms of the functions f(1)(Q) and f(2)(Q), such as power-law and exponential dependencies of the nonminimal couplings. Cosmological solutions are considered in two general classes of models, and found to feature accelerating expansion at late times.
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e-ASTROGAM Collaboration(De Angelis, A. et al), & Coleiro, A. (2018). Science with e-ASTROGAM A space mission for MeV-GeV gamma-ray astrophysics. J. High Energy Astrophys., 19, 1–106.
Abstract: e-ASTROGAM ('enhanced ASTROGAM') is a breakthrough Observatory space mission, with a detector composed by a Silicon tracker, a calorimeter, and an anticoincidence system, dedicated to the study of the non-thermal Universe in the photon energy range from 0.3 MeV to 3 GeV – the lower energy limit can be pushed to energies as low as 150 keV for the tracker, and to 30 keV for calorimetric detection. The mission is based on an advanced space-proven detector technology, with unprecedented sensitivity, angular and energy resolution, combined with polarimetric capability. Thanks to its performance in the MeV-GeV domain, substantially improving its predecessors, e-ASTROGAM will open a new window on the non-thermal Universe, making pioneering observations of the most powerful Galactic and extragalactic sources, elucidating the nature of their relativistic outflows and their effects on the surroundings. With a line sensitivity in the MeV energy range one to two orders of magnitude better than previous generation instruments, e-ASTROGAM will determine the origin of key isotopes fundamental for the understanding of supernova explosion and the chemical evolution of our Galaxy. The mission will provide unique data of significant interest to a broad astronomical community, complementary to powerful observatories such as LIGO-Virgo-GEO600-KAGRA, SKA, ALMA, E-ELT, TMT, LSST, JWST, Athena, CTA, IceCube, KM3NeT, and LISA.
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