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Author |
Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J.M.; Ferrario, P. |
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Title |
Application of scintillating properties of liquid xenon and silicon photomultiplier technology to medical imaging |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Spectrochimica Acta Part B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Spectroc. Acta Pt. B |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
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Pages |
6-13 |
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Keywords  |
PET; TOF; Liquid xenon; Energy resolution; High sensitivity; Coincidence resolution time (CRT); SiPMs |
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Abstract |
We describe a new positron emission time-of-flight apparatus using liquid xenon. The detector is based in a liquid xenon scintillating cell. The cell shape and dimensions can be optimized depending on the intended application. In its simplest form, the liquid xenon scintillating cell is a box in which two faces are covered by silicon photomultipliers and the others by a reflecting material such as Teflon. It is a compact, homogenous and highly efficient detector which shares many of the desirable properties of monolithic crystals, with the added advantage of high yield and fast scintillation offered by liquid xenon. Our initial studies suggest that good energy and spatial resolution comparable with that achieved by lutetium oxyorthosilicate crystals can be obtained with a detector based in liquid xenon scintillating cells. In addition, the system can potentially achieve an excellent coincidence resolving time of better than 100 ps. |
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Address |
[Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J. M.; Ferrario, Paola] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46003 Valencia, Spain, Email: gomez@mail.cern.ch |
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Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd |
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English |
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0584-8547 |
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Notes |
WOS:000374073300002 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2631 |
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Author |
Studen, A.; Brzezinski, K.; Chesi, E.; Cindro, V.; Clinthorne, N.H.; Cochran, E.; Grosicar, B.; Grkovski, M.; Honscheid, K.; Kagan, H.; Lacasta, C.; Llosa, G.; Mikuz, M.; Stankova, V.; Weilhammer, P.; Zontar, D. |
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Title |
Silicon detectors for combined MR-PET and MR-SPECT imaging |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
702 |
Issue |
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Pages |
88-90 |
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Keywords |
PET; Silicon detectors; SPECT |
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Abstract |
Silicon based devices can extend PET-MR and SPECT-MR imaging to applications, where their advantages in performance outweigh benefits of high statistical counts. Silicon is in many ways an excellent detector material with numerous advantages, among others: excellent energy and spatial resolution, mature processing technology, large signal to noise ratio, relatively low price, availability, versatility and malleability. The signal in silicon is also immune to effects of magnetic field at the level normally used in MR devices. Tests in fields up to 7 T were performed in a study to determine effects of magnetic field on positron range in a silicon PET device. The curvature of positron tracks in direction perpendicular to the field's orientation shortens the distance between emission and annihilation point of the positron. The effect can be fully appreciated for a rotation of the sample for a fixed field direction, compressing range in all dimensions. A popular Ga-68 source was used showing a factor of 2 improvement in image noise compared to zero field operation. There was also a little increase in noise as the reconstructed resolution varied between 2.5 and 1.5 mm. A speculative applications can be recognized in both emission modalities, SPECT and PET. Compton camera is a subspecies of SPECT, where a silicon based scatter as a MR compatible part could inserted into the MR bore and the secondary detector could operate in less constrained environment away from the magnet. Introducing a Compton camera also relaxes requirements of the radiotracers used, extending the range of conceivable photon energies beyond 140.5 keV of the Tc-99m. In PET, one could exploit the compressed sub-millimeter range of positrons in the magnetic field. To exploit the advantage, detectors with spatial resolution commensurate to the effect must be used with silicon being an excellent candidate. Measurements performed outside of the MR achieving spatial resolution below 1 mm are reported. |
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Address |
[Studen, A.; Cindro, V.; Grosicar, B.; Grkovski, M.; Mikuz, M.; Zontar, D.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Email: andrej.studen@ijs.si |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000314682300026 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1331 |
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Author |
Clinthorne, N.; Brzezinski, K.; Chesi, E.; Cochran, E.; Grkovski, M.; Grosicar, B.; Honscheid, K.; Huh, S.; Kagan, H.; Lacasta, C.; Linhart, V.; Mikuz, M.; Smith, D.S.; Stankova, V.; Studen, A.; Weilhammer, P.; Zontar, D. |
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Title |
Silicon as an unconventional detector in positron emission tomography |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
699 |
Issue |
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Pages |
216-220 |
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Keywords |
PET; Silicon detectors; Multiresolution imaging; Magnifying PET |
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Abstract |
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a widely used technique in medical imaging and in studying small animal models of human disease. In the conventional approach, the 511 keV annihilation photons emitted from a patient or small animal are detected by a ring of scintillators such as LYSO read out by arrays of photodetectors. Although this has been successful in achieving similar to 5 mm FWHM spatial resolution in human studies and similar to 1 mm resolution in dedicated small animal instruments, there is interest in significantly improving these figures. Silicon, although its stopping power is modest for 511 keV photons, offers a number of potential advantages over more conventional approaches including the potential for high intrinsic spatial resolution in 3D. To evaluate silicon in a variety of PET “magnifying glass” configurations, an instrument was constructed that consists of an outer partial-ring of PET scintillation detectors into which various arrangements of silicon detectors are inserted to emulate dual-ring or imaging probe geometries. Measurements using the test instrument demonstrated the capability of clearly resolving point sources of Na-22 having a 1.5 mm center-to-center spacing as well as the 1.2 mm rods of a F-18-filled resolution phantom. Although many challenges remain, silicon has potential to become the PET detector of choice when spatial resolution is the primary consideration. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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Address |
[Clinthorne, Neal; Huh, Sam] Univ Michigan, Dept Radiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Email: nclintho@umich.edu |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000312809200045 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1290 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Studen, A.; Chesi, E.; Cindro, V.; Clinthorne, N.H.; Cochran, E.; Grosicar, B.; Honscheid, K.; Kagan, H.; Lacasta, C.; Llosa, G.; Linhart, V.; Mikuz, M.; Stankova, V.; Weilhammer, P.; Zontar, D. |
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Title |
A silicon PET probe |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
648 |
Issue |
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Pages |
S255-S258 |
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Keywords |
PET; Silicon detectors |
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Abstract |
PET scanners with high spatial resolution offer a great potential in improving diagnosis, therapy monitoring and treatment validation for several severe diseases. One way to improve resolution of a PET scanner is to extend a conventional PET ring with a small probe with excellent spatial resolution. The probe is intended to be placed close to the area of interest. The coincidences of interactions within the probe and the external ring provide a subset of data which combined with data from external ring, greatly improve resolution in the area viewed by the probe. Our collaboration is developing a prototype of a PET probe, composed of high-resolution silicon pad detectors. The detectors are 1 mm thick, measuring 40 by 26 mm(2), and several such sensors are envisaged to either compensate for low stopping power of silicon or increase the area covered by the probe. The sensors are segmented into 1 mm(3) cubic voxels, giving 1040 readout pads per sensor. A module is composed of two sensors placed in a back-to-back configuration, allowing for stacking fraction of up to 70% within a module. The pads are coupled to a set of 16 ASICs (VaTaGP7.1 by IDEAS) per module and read out through a custom designed data acquisition board, allowing for trigger and data interfacing with the external ring. This paper presents an overview of probe requirements and expected performance parameters. It will focus on the characteristics of the silicon modules and their impact on overall probe performance, including spatial resolution, energy resolution and timing resolution. We will show that 1 mm(3) voxels will significantly extend the spatial resolution of conventional PET rings, and that broadening of timing resolution related to varying depth of photon interactions can be compensated to match the timing resolution of the external ring. The initial test results of the probe will also be presented. |
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Address |
[Studen, A.; Cindro, V.; Grosicar, B.; Mikuz, M.; Zontar, D.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Email: andrej.studen@ijs.si |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
Summary Language |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000305376900063 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1070 |
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Author |
Baran, J. et al; Brzezinski, K. |
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Title |
Feasibility of the J-PET to monitor the range of therapeutic proton beams |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
Physica Medica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Medica |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103301 - 9pp |
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Keywords |
PET; Range monitoring; J-PET; Monte Carlo simulations; Proton radiotherapy |
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Abstract |
Purpose: The aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility of the Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomography (J -PET) scanner for intra-treatment proton beam range monitoring. Methods: The Monte Carlo simulation studies with GATE and PET image reconstruction with CASToR were performed in order to compare six J -PET scanner geometries. We simulated proton irradiation of a PMMA phantom with a Single Pencil Beam (SPB) and Spread -Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) of various ranges. The sensitivity and precision of each scanner were calculated, and considering the setup's cost-effectiveness, we indicated potentially optimal geometries for the J -PET scanner prototype dedicated to the proton beam range assessment. Results: The investigations indicate that the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer double -head configurations are the most promising for clinical application. We found that the scanner sensitivity is of the order of 10-5 coincidences per primary proton, while the precision of the range assessment for both SPB and SOBP irradiation plans was found below 1 mm. Among the scanners with the same number of detector modules, the best results are found for the triple -layer dual -head geometry. The results indicate that the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer double -head configurations are the most promising for the clinical application, Conclusions: We performed simulation studies demonstrating that the feasibility of the J -PET detector for PET -based proton beam therapy range monitoring is possible with reasonable sensitivity and precision enabling its pre -clinical tests in the clinical proton therapy environment. Considering the sensitivity, precision and cost-effectiveness, the double -layer cylindrical and triple -layer dual -head J -PET geometry configurations seem promising for future clinical application. |
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Address |
[Baran, Jakub; Silarski, Michal; Chug, Neha; Coussat, Aurelien; Czerwinski, Eryk; Dadgar, Meysam; Dulski, Kamil; Eliyan, Kavya, V; Gajos, Aleksander; Kacprzak, Krzysztof; Kaplon, Lukasz; Korcyl, Grzegorz; Kozik, Tomasz; Kumar, Deepak; Niedzwiecki, Szymon; Panek, Dominik; Parzych, Szymon; del Rio, Elena Perez; Simbarashe, Moyo; Sharma, Sushil; Shivani; Skurzok, Magdalena; Stepien, Ewa L.; Tayefi, Keyvan; Tayefi, Faranak; Moskal, Pawel] Jagiellonian Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Appl Comp Sci, 11 Lojasiewicza St, PL-30348 Krakow, Poland, Email: jakubbaran92@gmail.com |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Sci Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1120-1797 |
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Notes |
WOS:001178648400001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5990 |
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Author |
Torres-Espallardo, I.; Diblen, F.; Rohling, H.; Solevi, P.; Gillam, J.; Watts, D.; Espana, S.; Vandenberghe, S.; Fiedler, F.; Rafecas, M. |
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Title |
Evaluation of resistive-plate-chamber-based TOF-PET applied to in-beam particle therapy monitoring |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
60 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
N187-N208 |
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Keywords |
PET; in-beam; RPC; particle therapy; TOF; range deviation; partial-ring |
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Abstract |
Particle therapy is a highly conformal radiotherapy technique which reduces the dose deposited to the surrounding normal tissues. In order to fully exploit its advantages, treatment monitoring is necessary to minimize uncertainties related to the dose delivery. Up to now, the only clinically feasible technique for the monitoring of therapeutic irradiation with particle beams is Positron Emission Tomography (PET). In this work we have compared a Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC)-based PET scanner with a scintillation-crystal-based PET scanner for this application. In general, the main advantages of the RPC-PET system are its excellent timing resolution, low cost, and the possibility of building large area systems. We simulated a partial-ring scannerbeam monitoring, which has an intrinsically low positron yield compared to diagnostic PET. In addition, for in-beam PET there is a further data loss due to the partial ring configuration. In order to improve the performance of the RPC-based scanner, an improved version of the RPC detector (modifying the thickness of the gas and glass layers), providing a larger sensitivity, has been simulated and compared with an axially extended version of the crystal-based device. The improved version of the RPC shows better performance than the prototype, but the extended version of the crystal-based PET outperforms all other options. based on an RPC prototype under construction within the Fondazione per Adroterapia Oncologica (TERA). For comparison with the crystal-based PET scanner we have chosen the geometry of a commercially available PET scanner, the Philips Gemini TF. The coincidence time resolution used in the simulations takes into account the current achievable values as well as expected improvements of both technologies. Several scenarios (including patient data) have been simulated to evaluate the performance of different scanners. Initial results have shown that the low sensitivity of the RPC hampers its application to hadron |
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Address |
[Torres-Espallardo, I.; Solevi, P.; Gillam, J.; Rafecas, M.] UV, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain, Email: irene.torres@uv.es |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000354104700003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2227 |
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Author |
Brzezinski, K.; Oliver, J.F.; Gillam, J.; Rafecas, M. |
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Title |
Study of a high-resolution PET system using a Silicon detector probe |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Physics in Medicine and Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Med. Biol. |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
20 |
Pages |
6117-6140 |
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Keywords |
PET; high-resolution imaging; Si detectors; PET insert |
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Abstract |
A high-resolution silicon detector probe, in coincidence with a conventional PET scanner, is expected to provide images of higher quality than those achievable using the scanner alone. Spatial resolution should improve due to the finer pixelization of the probe detector, while increased sensitivity in the probe vicinity is expected to decrease noise. A PET-probe prototype is being developed utilizing this principle. The system includes a probe consisting of ten layers of silicon detectors, each a 80 x 52 array of 1 x 1 x 1 mm(3) pixels, to be operated in coincidence with a modern clinical PET scanner. Detailed simulation studies of this system have been performed to assess the effect of the additional probe information on the quality of the reconstructed images. A grid of point sources was simulated to study the contribution of the probe to the system resolution at different locations over the field of view (FOV). A resolution phantom was used to demonstrate the effect on image resolution for two probe positions. A homogeneous source distribution with hot and cold regions was used to demonstrate that the localized improvement in resolution does not come at the expense of the overall quality of the image. Since the improvement is constrained to an area close to the probe, breast imaging is proposed as a potential application for the novel geometry. In this sense, a simplified breast phantom, adjacent to heart and torso compartments, was simulated and the effect of the probe on lesion detectability, through measurements of the local contrast recovery coefficient-to-noise ratio (CNR), was observed. The list-mode ML-EM algorithm was used for image reconstruction in all cases. As expected, the point spread function of the PET-probe system was found to be non-isotropic and vary with position, offering improvement in specific regions. Increase in resolution, of factors of up to 2, was observed in the region close to the probe. Images of the resolution phantom showed visible improvement in resolution when including the probe in the simulations. The image quality study demonstrated that contrast and spill-over ratio in other areas of the FOV were not sacrificed for this enhancement. The CNR study performed on the breast phantom indicates increased lesion detectability provided by the probe. |
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Address |
[Brzezinski, K.; Oliver, J. F.; Gillam, J.; Rafecas, M.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, E-46980 Valencia, Spain, Email: brzezinski@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0031-9155 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000343092300011 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1963 |
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Author |
Beltrame, P. et al; Oliver, J.F.; Rafecas, M.; Solevi, P. |
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Title |
The AX-PET demonstrator-Design, construction and characterization |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
654 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
546-559 |
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Keywords |
PET; Axial geometry; Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APD); SiPM |
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Abstract |
Axial PET is a novel geometrical concept for Positron Emission Tomography (PET), based on layers of long scintillating crystals axially aligned with the bore axis. The axial coordinate is obtained from arrays of wavelength shifting (WLS) plastic strips placed orthogonally to the crystals. This article describes the design, construction and performance evaluation of a demonstrator set-up which consists of two identical detector modules, used in coincidence. Each module comprises 48 LYSO crystals of 100 mm length and 156 WLS strips. Crystals and strips are readout by Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APDs). The signals from the two modules are processed by fully analog front-end electronics and recorded in coincidence by a VME-based data acquisition system. Measurements with point-like (22)Na sources, with the modules used both individually and in coincidence mode, allowed for a complete performance evaluation up to the focal plane reconstruction of point sources. The results obtained are in good agreement with expectations and proved the set-up to be ready for the next evaluation phase with PET phantoms filled with radiotracers. |
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Address |
[Casella, C; Dissertori, G; Djambazov, L; Lustermann, W; Nessi-Tedaldi, F; Pauss, F; Renker, D; Schinzel, D] ETH, Inst Particle Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland, Email: Chiara.Casella@cern.ch |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000295765100078 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
790 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Bolle, E.; Casella, C.; Chesi, E.; De Leo, R.; Dissertori, G.; Fanti, V.; Gillam, J.E.; Heller, M.; Joram, C.; Lustermann, W.; Nappi, E.; Oliver, J.F.; Pauss, F.; Rafecas, M.; Rudge, A.; Ruotsalainen, U.; Schinzel, D.; Schneider, T.; Seguinot, J.; Solevi, P.; Stapnes, S.; Tuna, U.; Weilhammer, P. |
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Title |
AX-PET: A novel PET concept with G-APD readout |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
695 |
Issue |
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Pages |
129-134 |
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Keywords |
PET; Axial geometry; Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APD); SiPM |
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Abstract |
The AX-PET collaboration has developed a novel concept for high resolution PET imaging to overcome some of the performance limitations of classical PET cameras, in particular the compromise between spatial resolution and sensitivity introduced by the parallax error. The detector consists of an arrangement of long LYSO scintillating crystals axially oriented around the field of view together with arrays of wave length shifter strips orthogonal to the crystals. This matrix allows a precise 3D measurement of the photon interaction point. This is valid both for photoelectric absorption at 511 key and for Compton scattering down to deposited energies of about 100 keV. Crystals and WLS strips are individually read out using Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APDs). The sensitivity of such a detector can be adjusted by changing the number of layers and the resolution is defined by the crystal and strip dimensions. Two AX-PET modules were built and fully characterized in dedicated test set-ups at CERN, with point-like Na-22 sources. Their performance in terms of energy (Renew approximate to 11.8% (FWMH) at 511 key) and spatial resolution was assessed (sigma(axial) approximate to 0.65 mm), both individually and for the two modules in coincidence. Test campaigns at ETH Zurich and at the company AAA allowed the tomographic reconstructions of more complex phantoms validating the 3D reconstruction algorithms. The concept of the AX-PET modules will be presented together with some characterization results. We describe a count rate model which allows to optimize the planing of the tomographic scans. |
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[Heller, M.; Joram, C.; Schneider, T.; Seguinot, J.] CERN, PH Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Email: Matthieu.Heller@cern.ch |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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0168-9002 |
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WOS:000311469900026 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
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1236 |
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Author |
Ramirez-Uribe, S.; Hernandez-Pinto, R.J.; Rodrigo, G.; Sborlini, G.F.R. |
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Title |
From Five-Loop Scattering Amplitudes to Open Trees with the Loop-Tree Duality |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Symmetry-Basel |
Abbreviated Journal |
Symmetry-Basel |
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14 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2571 - 14pp |
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Keywords |
perturbative QFT; higher-order calculations; multiloop Feynman integrals |
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Abstract |
Characterizing multiloop topologies is an important step towards developing novel methods at high perturbative orders in quantum field theory. In this article, we exploit the Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) formalism to analyse multiloop topologies that appear for the first time at five loops. Explicitly, we open the loops into connected trees and group them according to their topological properties. Then, we identify a kernel generator, the so-called N7MLT universal topology, that allows us to describe any scattering amplitude of up to five loops. Furthermore, we provide factorization and recursion relations that enable us to write these multiloop topologies in terms of simpler subtopologies, including several subsets of Feynman diagrams with an arbitrary number of loops. Our approach takes advantage of many symmetries present in the graphical description of the original fundamental five-loop topologies. The results obtained in this article might shed light into a more efficient determination of higher-order corrections to the running couplings, which are crucial in the current and future precision physics program. |
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[Ramirez-Uribe, Selomit; Rodrigo, German] Univ Valencia, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Consejo Super Invest Cient, Parc Cient, E-46980 Paterna, Spain, Email: roger@uas.edu.mx |
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Mdpi |
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WOS:000904374000001 |
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no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5450 |
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