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Author |
Llosa, G.; Barrillon, P.; Barrio, J.; Bisogni, M.G.; Cabello, J.; Del Guerra, A.; Etxebeste, A.; Gillam, J.E.; Lacasta, C.; Oliver, J.F.; Rafecas, M.; Solaz, C.; Stankova, V.; de La Taille, C. |
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Title |
High performance detector head for PET and PET/MR with continuous crystals and SiPMs |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
702 |
Issue  |
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Pages |
3-5 |
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Keywords |
Monolithic crystals; SiPM; MG-APD; PET; High resolution; Position determination |
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Abstract |
A high resolution PET detector head for small animal PET applications has been developed. The detector is composed of a 12 mm x 12 mm continuous LYSO crystal coupled to a 64-channel monolithic SiPM matrix from FBK-irst. Crystal thicknesses of 5 mm and 10 mm have been tested, both yielding an intrinsic spatial resolution around 0.7 mm FWHM with a position determination algorithm that can also provide depth-of-interaction information. The detectors have been tested in a rotating system that makes it possible to acquire tomographic data and reconstruct images of Na-22 sources. An image reconstruction method specifically adapted for continuous crystals has been employed. The Full Width at Half Maximum measured from a point source reconstructed with ML-EM was 0.7 mm with the 5 mm crystal and 0.8 mm with the 10 mm crystal. |
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Address |
[Llosa, G.; Barrio, J.; Cabello, J.; Etxebeste, A.; Gillam, J. E.; Lacasta, C.; Oliver, J. F.; Rafecas, M.; Solaz, C.; Stankova, V.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: gabriela.llosa@ific.uv.es |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000314682300002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1330 |
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Author |
Studen, A.; Brzezinski, K.; Chesi, E.; Cindro, V.; Clinthorne, N.H.; Cochran, E.; Grosicar, B.; Grkovski, M.; Honscheid, K.; Kagan, H.; Lacasta, C.; Llosa, G.; Mikuz, M.; Stankova, V.; Weilhammer, P.; Zontar, D. |
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Title |
Silicon detectors for combined MR-PET and MR-SPECT imaging |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
702 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
88-90 |
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Keywords |
PET; Silicon detectors; SPECT |
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Abstract |
Silicon based devices can extend PET-MR and SPECT-MR imaging to applications, where their advantages in performance outweigh benefits of high statistical counts. Silicon is in many ways an excellent detector material with numerous advantages, among others: excellent energy and spatial resolution, mature processing technology, large signal to noise ratio, relatively low price, availability, versatility and malleability. The signal in silicon is also immune to effects of magnetic field at the level normally used in MR devices. Tests in fields up to 7 T were performed in a study to determine effects of magnetic field on positron range in a silicon PET device. The curvature of positron tracks in direction perpendicular to the field's orientation shortens the distance between emission and annihilation point of the positron. The effect can be fully appreciated for a rotation of the sample for a fixed field direction, compressing range in all dimensions. A popular Ga-68 source was used showing a factor of 2 improvement in image noise compared to zero field operation. There was also a little increase in noise as the reconstructed resolution varied between 2.5 and 1.5 mm. A speculative applications can be recognized in both emission modalities, SPECT and PET. Compton camera is a subspecies of SPECT, where a silicon based scatter as a MR compatible part could inserted into the MR bore and the secondary detector could operate in less constrained environment away from the magnet. Introducing a Compton camera also relaxes requirements of the radiotracers used, extending the range of conceivable photon energies beyond 140.5 keV of the Tc-99m. In PET, one could exploit the compressed sub-millimeter range of positrons in the magnetic field. To exploit the advantage, detectors with spatial resolution commensurate to the effect must be used with silicon being an excellent candidate. Measurements performed outside of the MR achieving spatial resolution below 1 mm are reported. |
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Address |
[Studen, A.; Cindro, V.; Grosicar, B.; Grkovski, M.; Mikuz, M.; Zontar, D.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Email: andrej.studen@ijs.si |
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Elsevier Science Bv |
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English |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000314682300026 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1331 |
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Author |
Ros, A.; Lerche, C.W.; Sebastia, A.; Sanchez, F.; Benlloch, J.M. |
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Title |
Retroreflector arrays for better light collection efficiency of gamma-ray imaging detectors with continuous scintillation crystals without DOI misestimation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
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Pages |
P04009 - 14pp |
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Keywords |
Gamma detectors (scintillators, CZT, HPG, HgI etc); Interaction of radiation with matter; Gamma camera, SPECT, PET PET/CT, coronary CT angiography (CTA); Detector design and construction technologies and materials |
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Abstract |
A method to improve light collection efficiency of gamma-ray imaging detectors by using retroreflector arrays has been tested, simulations of the behaviour of the scintillation light illuminating the retroreflector surface have been made. Measurements including retroreflector arrays in the setup have also been taken. For the measurements, positron emission tomography (PET) detectors with continuous scintillation crystals have been used. Each detector module consists of a continuous LSO-scintillator of dimensions 49x49x10 mm(3) and a H8500 position-sensitive photo-multiplier (PSPMT) from Hamamatsu. By using a continuous scintillation crystal, the scintillation light distribution has not been destroyed and the energy, the centroids along the x- and y-direction and the depth of interaction (DOI) can be estimated. Simulations have also been run taking into account the use of continuous scintillation crystals. Due to the geometry of the continuous scintillation crystals in comparison with pixelated crystals, a good light collection efficiency is necessary to correctly reconstruct the impact point of the gamma-ray. The aim of this study is to investigate whether micro-machine retro-reflectors improve light yield without misestimation of the impact point. The results shows an improvement on the energy and centroid resolutions without worsening the depth of interaction resolution. Therefore it can be concluded that using retroreflector arrays at the entrance side of the scintillation crystal improves light collection efficiency without worsening the impact point estimation. |
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Address |
[Ros, A.] Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Valencia 46980, Spain, Email: anrogar2@i3m.upv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000336123800049 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1798 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Grkovski, M.; Brzezinski, K.; Cindro, V.; Clinthorne, N.H.; Kagan, H.; Lacasta, C.; Mikuz, M.; Solaz, C.; Studen, A.; Weilhammer, P.; Zontar, D. |
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Title |
Evaluation of a high resolution silicon PET insert module |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
788 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
86-94 |
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Keywords |
Positron emission tomography; Silicon detectors; PET insert; Image reconstruction |
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Abstract |
Conventional PET systems can be augmented with additional detectors placed in close proximity of the region of interest. We developed a high resolution PET insert module to evaluate the added benefit of such a combination. The insert module consists of two back-to-back 1 mm thick silicon sensors, each segmented into 1040 1 mm(2) pads arranged in a 40 by 26 array. A set of 16 VATAGP7.1 ASICs and a custom assembled data acquisition board were used to read out the signal from the insert module. Data were acquired in slice (20) geometry with a Jaszczak phantom (rod diameters of 12-4.8 mm) Filled with F-18-FDG and the images were reconstructed with ML-EM method. Both data with full and limited angular coverage from the insert module were considered and three types of coincidence events were combined. The ratio of high-resolution data that substantially improves quality of the reconstructed image for the region near the surface of the insert module was estimated to be about 4%. Results from our previous studies suggest that such ratio could be achieved at a moderate technological expense by using an equivalent of two insert modules (an effective sensor thickness of 4 mm). |
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Address |
[Grkovski, Milan; Cindro, Vladimir; Mikuz, Marko; Studen, Andrej; Zontar, Dejan] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Email: milan.grkovski@ijs.si |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000354870700016 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2232 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Llosa, G. |
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Title |
Recent developments in photodetection for medical applications |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
787 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
353-357 |
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Keywords |
Detectors; Photodetectors; Medical applications; PET; SPECT; Hadron Therapy |
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Abstract |
The use of the most advanced technology in medical imaging results in the development of high performance detectors that can significantly improve the performance of the medical devices employed in hospitals. Scintillator crystals coupled to photodetectors remain to be essential detectors in terms of performance and cost for medical imaging applications in different imaging modalities. Recent advances in photodetectors result in an increase of the performance of the medical scanners. Solid state detectors can provide substantial performance improvement, but are more complex to integrate into clinical detectors due mainly to their higher cost. Solid state photodetectors (APDs, SiPMs) have made new detector concepts possible and have led to improvements in different imaging modalities. Recent advances in detectors for medical imaging are revised. |
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Address |
UVEG, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain, Email: gabriela.llosa@ific.uv.es |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000354869900079 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2233 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J.M.; Ferrario, P. |
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Title |
Application of scintillating properties of liquid xenon and silicon photomultiplier technology to medical imaging |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Spectrochimica Acta Part B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Spectroc. Acta Pt. B |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
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Pages |
6-13 |
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Keywords |
PET; TOF; Liquid xenon; Energy resolution; High sensitivity; Coincidence resolution time (CRT); SiPMs |
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Abstract |
We describe a new positron emission time-of-flight apparatus using liquid xenon. The detector is based in a liquid xenon scintillating cell. The cell shape and dimensions can be optimized depending on the intended application. In its simplest form, the liquid xenon scintillating cell is a box in which two faces are covered by silicon photomultipliers and the others by a reflecting material such as Teflon. It is a compact, homogenous and highly efficient detector which shares many of the desirable properties of monolithic crystals, with the added advantage of high yield and fast scintillation offered by liquid xenon. Our initial studies suggest that good energy and spatial resolution comparable with that achieved by lutetium oxyorthosilicate crystals can be obtained with a detector based in liquid xenon scintillating cells. In addition, the system can potentially achieve an excellent coincidence resolving time of better than 100 ps. |
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Address |
[Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J. M.; Ferrario, Paola] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46003 Valencia, Spain, Email: gomez@mail.cern.ch |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0584-8547 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000374073300002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2631 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Brzezinski, K.; Oliver, J.F.; Gillam, J.; Rafecas, M.; Studen, A.; Grkovski, M.; Kagan, H.; Smith, S.; Llosa, G.; Lacasta, C.; Clinthorne, N.H. |
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Title |
Experimental evaluation of the resolution improvement provided by a silicon PET probe |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
P09016 - 13pp |
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Keywords |
Gamma camera; SPECT; PET PET/CT; coronary CT angiography (CTA); Medical-image reconstruction methods and algorithms; computer-aided software |
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Abstract |
A high-resolution PET system, which incorporates a silicon detector probe into a conventional PET scanner, has been proposed to obtain increased image quality in a limited region of interest. Detailed simulation studies have previously shown that the additional probe information improves the spatial resolution of the reconstructed image and increases lesion detectability, with no cost to other image quality measures. The current study expands on the previous work by using a laboratory prototype of the silicon PET-probe system to examine the resolution improvement in an experimental setting. Two different versions of the probe prototype were assessed, both consisting of a back-to-back pair of 1-mm thick silicon pad detectors, one arranged in 32 x 16 arrays of 1.4mm x 1.4mm pixels and the other in 40 x 26 arrays of 1.0mm x 1.0mm pixels. Each detector was read out by a set of VATAGP7 ASICs and a custom-designed data acquisition board which allowed trigger and data interfacing with the PET scanner, itself consisting of BGO block detectors segmented into 8 x 6 arrays of 6mm x 12mm x 30mm crystals. Limited-angle probe data was acquired from a group of Na-22 point-like sources in order to observe the maximum resolution achievable using the probe system. Data from a Derenzo-like resolution phantom was acquired, then scaled to obtain similar statistical quality as that of previous simulation studies. In this case, images were reconstructed using measurements of the PET ring alone and with the inclusion of the probe data. Images of the Na-22 source demonstrated a resolution of 1.5mm FWHM in the probe data, the PET ring resolution being approximately 6 mm. Profiles taken through the image of the Derenzo-like phantom showed a clear increase in spatial resolution. Improvements in peak-to-valley ratios of 50% and 38%, in the 4.8mm and 4.0mm phantom features respectively, were observed, while previously unresolvable 3.2mm features were brought to light by the addition of the probe. These results support the possibility of improving the image resolution of a clinical PET scanner using the silicon PET-probe. |
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Address |
[Brzezinski, K.; Oliver, J. F.; Gillam, J.; Rafecas, M.; Llosa, G.; Lacasta, C.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, C Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Valencia, Spain, Email: k.w.brzezinski@rug.nl |
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Corporate Author |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000387862300016 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2865 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J.M.; Ferrario, P.; Monrabal, F.; Rodriguez, J.; Toledo, J.F. |
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Title |
Investigation of the coincidence resolving time performance of a PET scanner based on liquid xenon: a Monte Carlo study |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
P09011 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
Gamma camera; SPECT; PET PET/CT; coronary CT angiography (CTA); Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy; Noble liquid detectors (scintillation ionization, double-phase); Scintillators; scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators) |
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Abstract |
The measurement of the time of flight of the two 511 keV gammas recorded in coincidence in a PET scanner provides an effective way of reducing the random background and therefore increases the scanner sensitivity, provided that the coincidence resolving time (CRT) of the gammas is sufficiently good. The best commercial PET-TOF system today (based in LYSO crystals and digital SiPMs), is the VEREOS of Philips, boasting a CRT of 316 ps (FWHM). In this paper we present a Monte Carlo investigation of the CRT performance of a PET scanner exploiting the scintillating properties of liquid xenon. We find that an excellent CRT of 70 ps (depending on the PDE of the sensor) can be obtained if the scanner is instrumented with silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) sensitive to the ultraviolet light emitted by xenon. Alternatively, a CRT of 160 ps can be obtained instrumenting the scanner with (much cheaper) blue-sensitive SiPMs coated with a suitable wavelength shifter. These results show the excellent time of flight capabilities of a PET device based in liquid xenon. |
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Address |
[Gomez-Cadenas, J. J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J. M.; Ferrario, P.; Rodriguez, J.] CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Calle Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Valencia 46980, Spain, Email: paola.ferrario@ific.uv.es |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000387862300011 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2866 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Becker, R.; Buck, A.; Casella, C.; Dissertori, G.; Fischer, J.; Howard, A.; Ito, M.; Khateri, P.; Lustermann, W.; Oliver, J.F.; Roser, U.; Warnock, G.; Weber, B. |
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Title |
The SAFIR experiment: Concept, status and perspectives |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A |
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Volume |
845 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
648-651 |
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Keywords |
Positron Emission Tomography (PET); Hybrid PET/MRI; SiPM |
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Abstract |
The SAFIR development represents a novel Positron Emission Tomography (PET) detector, conceived for preclinical fast acquisitions inside the bore of a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner. The goal is hybrid and simultaneous PET/MRI dynamic studies at unprecedented temporal resolutions of a few seconds. The detector relies on matrices of scintillating LSO-based crystals coupled one-to-one with SiPM arrays and readout by fast ASIC5 with excellent timing resolution and high rate capabilities. The paper describes the detector concept and the initial results in terms of simulations and characterisation measurements. |
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Address |
[Becker, Robert; Casella, Chiara; Dissertori, Gunther; Fischer, Jannis; Howard, Alexander; Ito, Mikiko; Khateri, Parisa; Lustermann, Werner; Roeser, Ulf] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, Switzerland, Email: chiara.casella@cern.ch |
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Publisher |
Elsevier Science Bv |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0168-9002 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000394556300153 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2957 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Benlloch-Rodriguez, J.M.; Ferrario, P. |
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Title |
Monte Carlo study of the coincidence resolving time of a liquid xenon PET scanner, using Cherenkov radiation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Instrumentation |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Instrum. |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
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Pages |
P08023 - 13pp |
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Keywords |
Cherenkov and transition radiation; Gamma camera; SPECT; PET PET/CT; coronary CT angiography (CTA); Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase); Photon detectors for UV; visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc) |
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Abstract |
In this paper we use detailed Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate that liquid xenon (LXe) can be used to build a Cherenkov-based TOF-PET, with an intrinsic coincidence resolving time (CRT) in the vicinity of 10 ps. This extraordinary performance is due to three facts: a) the abundant emission of Cherenkov photons by liquid xenon; b) the fact that LXe is transparent to Cherenkov light; and c) the fact that the fastest photons in LXe have wavelengths higher than 300 nm, therefore making it possible to separate the detection of scintillation and Cherenkov light. The CRT in a Cherenkov LXe TOF-PET detector is, therefore, dominated by the resolution (time jitter) introduced by the photosensors and the electronics. However, we show that for sufficiently fast photosensors (e.g, an overall 40 ps jitter, which can be achieved by current micro-channel plate photomultipliers) the overall CRT varies between 30 and 55 ps, depending on the detection efficiency. This is still one order of magnitude better than commercial CRT devices and improves by a factor 3 the best CRT obtained with small laboratory prototypes. |
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Address |
[Ferrario, P.] CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, Calle Catedrat Jose Beltran 2, Valencia 46980, Spain, Email: paola.ferrario@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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Language |
English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1748-0221 |
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Notes |
WOS:000414160300006 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3347 |
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