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Author |
Pallis, C. |
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Title |
Linking Starobinsky-type inflation in no-scale supergravity to MSSM |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue  |
4 |
Pages |
024 - 31pp |
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Keywords |
particle physics – cosmology connection; supersymmetry and cosmology; cosmology of theories beyond the SM; inflation |
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Abstract |
A novel realization of the Starobinsky inflationary model within a moderate extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is presented. The proposed superpotential is uniquely determined by applying a continuous R and a Z2 discrete symmetry, whereas the Kahler potential is associated with a no-scale-type SU(54, 1)/ SU(54) x U(1) R X Z2 Kahler manifold. The inflaton is identified with a Higgs-like modulus whose the vacuum expectation value controls the gravitational strength. Thanks to a strong enough coupling (with a parameter CT involved) between the inflaton and the Ricci scalar curvature, inflation can be attained even for subplanckian values of the inflaton with CT >= 76 and the corresponding effective theory being valid up to the Planck scale. The inflationary observables turn out to be in agreement with the current data and the inflaton mass is predicted to be 3 10(3) GeV. At the cost of a relatively small superpotential coupling constant, the model offers also a resolution of the f,t problem of MSSM for CT <= 4500 and gravitino heavier than about 10(4) GeV. Supplementing MSSM by three right-handed neutrinos we show that spontaneously arising couplings between the inflaton and the particle content of MSSM not only ensure a sufficiently low reheating temperature but also support a scenario of non-thermal leptogenesis consistently with the neutrino oscillation parameters. |
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Address |
[Pallis, C.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: kpallis@auth.gr |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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1475-7516 |
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Notes |
WOS:000343042800006 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1961 |
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Author |
Vincent, A.C.; Scott, P. |
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Title |
Thermal conduction by dark matter with velocity and momentum-dependent cross-sections |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
019 - 31pp |
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Keywords |
dark matter theory; stars |
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Abstract |
We use the formalism of Gould and Raffelt [1] to compute the dimensionless thermal conduction coefficients for scattering of dark matter particles with standard model nucleons via cross-sections that depend on the relative velocity or momentum exchanged between particles. Motivated by models invoked to reconcile various recent results in direct detection, we explicitly compute the conduction coefficients alpha and kappa for cross-sections that go as v(rel)(2), v(rel)(4), v(rel)(-2), q(2), q(4) and q(-2), where v(rel) is the relative DM-nucleus velocity and q is the momentum transferred in the collision. We find that a v(rel)(-2) depend ence can significantly enhance energy transport from the inner solar core to the outer core. The same can true for any q-dependent coupling, if the dark matter mass lies within some specific range for each coupling. This effect can complement direct searches for dark matter; combining these results with state-of-the-art solar simulations should greatly increase sensitivity to certain DM models. It also seems possible that the so-called Solar Abundance Problem could be resolved by enhanced energy transport in the solar core due to such velocity-or momentum-dependent scatterings. |
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Address |
[Vincent, Aaron C.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain, Email: vincent@ific.uv.es; |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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1475-7516 |
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WOS:000343042800001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
1962 |
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Author |
Pujades, M.C.; Granero, D.; Vijande, J.; Ballester, F.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Papagiannis, P.; Siebert, F.A. |
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Title |
Air-kerma evaluation at the maze entrance of HDR brachytherapy facilities |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Radiological Protection |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Radiol. Prot. |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
741-753 |
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Keywords |
bunker; shielding; NCRP 151; brachytherapy; Monte Carlo |
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Abstract |
In the absence of procedures for evaluating the design of brachytherapy (BT) facilities for radiation protection purposes, the methodology used for external beam radiotherapy facilities is often adapted. The purpose of this study is to adapt the NCRP 151 methodology for estimating the air-kerma rate at the door in BT facilities. Such methodology was checked against Monte Carlo (MC) techniques using the code Geant4. Five different facility designs were studied for Ir-192 and Co-60 HDR applications to account for several different bunker layouts. For the estimation of the lead thickness needed at the door, the use of transmission data for the real spectra at the door instead of the ones emitted by Ir-192 and Co-60 will reduce the lead thickness by a factor of five for Ir-192 and ten for Co-60. This will significantly lighten the door and hence simplify construction and operating requirements for all bunkers. The adaptation proposed in this study to estimate the air-kerma rate at the door depends on the complexity of the maze: it provides good results for bunkers with a maze (i.e. similar to those used for linacs for which the NCRP 151 methodology was developed) but fails for less conventional designs. For those facilities, a specific Monte Carlo study is in order for reasons of safety and cost-effectiveness. |
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Address |
[Pujades, M. C.] Natl Ctr Dosimetry CND, Valencia, Spain, Email: mpuclau@gmail.com |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
0952-4746 |
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Notes |
WOS:000345895800005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2031 |
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Author |
Vincent, A.C.; Fernandez Martinez, E.; Hernandez, P.; Mena, O.; Lattanzi, M. |
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Title |
Revisiting cosmological bounds on sterile neutrinos |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
006 - 23pp |
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Keywords |
particle physics – cosmology connection; cosmological neutrinos; cosmology of theories beyond the SM |
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Abstract |
We employ state-of-the art cosmological observables including supernova surveys and BAO information to provide constraints on the mass and mixing angle of a non-resonantly produced sterile neutrino species, showing that cosmology can effectively rule out sterile neutrinos which decay between BBN and the present day. The decoupling of an additional heavy neutrino species can modify the time dependence of the Universe's expansion between BBN and recombination and, in extreme cases, lead to an additional matter-dominated period; while this could naively lead to a younger Universe with a larger Hubble parameter, it could later be compensated by the extra radiation expected in the form of neutrinos from sterile decay. However, recombination-era observables including the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the shift parameter R-CMB and the sound horizon r(s) from Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) severely constrain this scenario. We self-consistently include the full time-evolution of the coupled sterile neutrino and standard model sectors in an MCMC, showing that if decay occurs after BBN, the sterile neutrino is essentially bounded by the constraint sin(2) theta less than or similar to 0.026(m(s)/eV)(-2). |
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Address |
[Vincent, Aaron C.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, IPPP, Durham DH1 3LE, England, Email: aaron.vincent@durham.ac.uk; |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000355742500007 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2261 |
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Author |
de Azcarraga, J.A.; Fedoruk, S.; Izquierdo, J.M.; Lukierski, J. |
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Title |
Two-twistor particle models and free massive higher spin fields |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
010 - 39pp |
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Keywords |
Field Theories in Lower Dimensions; Higher Spin Symmetry; Extended Supersymmetry; Space-Time Symmetries |
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Abstract |
We present D = 3 and D = 4 world-line models for massive particles moving in a new type of enlarged spacetime, with D-1 additional vector coordinates, which after quantization lead to towers of massive higher spin (HS) free fields. Two classically equivalent formulations are presented: one with a hybrid spacetime/bispinor variables and a second described by a free two-twistor dynamics with constraints. After first quantization in the D = 3 and D = 4 cases, the wave functions satisfying a massive version of Vasiliev's free unfolded equations are given as functions on the SL(2, R) and SL(2, C) group manifolds respectively, which describe arbitrary on-shell momenta and spin degrees of freedom. Further we comment on the D = 6 case, and possible supersymmetric extensions are mentioned as well. Finally, the description of interactions and the Ads/crr duality are briefly considered for massive IHS fields. |
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Address |
[de Azcarraga, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain, Email: j.a.de.azcarraga@ific.uv.es; |
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Publisher |
Springer |
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English |
Summary Language |
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ISSN |
1029-8479 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
WOS:000356852000010 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2293 |
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Author |
Candela-Juan, C.; Niatsetski, Y.; van der Laarse, R.; Granero, D.; Ballester, F.; Perez-Calatayud, J.; Vijande, J. |
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Title |
Design and characterization of a new high-dose-rate brachytherapy Valencia applicator for larger skin lesions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1639-1648 |
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Keywords |
skin applicator; Valencia applicator; HDR brachytherapy; dosimetry; Monte Carlo |
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Abstract |
Purpose: The aims of this study were (i) to design a new high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy applicator for treating surface lesions with planning target volumes larger than 3 cm in diameter and up to 5 cm in size, using the microSelectron-HDR or Flexitron afterloader (Elekta Brachytherapy) with a Ir-192 source; (ii) to calculate by means of the Monte Carlo (MC) method the dose distribution for the new applicator when it is placed against a water phantom; and (iii) to validate experimentally the dose distributions in water. Methods: The PENELOPE2008 MC code was used to optimize dwell positions and dwell times. Next, the dose distribution in a water phantom and the leakage dose distribution around the applicator were calculated. Finally, MC data were validated experimentally for a 192Ir mHDR-v2 source by measuring (i) dose distributions with radiochromic EBT3 films (ISP); (ii) percentage depth-dose (PDD) curve with the parallel-plate ionization chamber Advanced Markus (PTW); and (iii) absolute dose rate with EBT3 films and the PinPoint T31016 (PTW) ionization chamber. Results: The new applicator is made of tungsten alloy (Densimet) and consists of a set of interchangeable collimators. Three catheters are used to allocate the source at prefixed dwell positions with preset weights to produce a homogenous dose distribution at the typical prescription depth of 3 mm in water. The same plan is used for all available collimators. PDD, absolute dose rate per unit of air kerma strength, and off-axis profiles in a cylindrical water phantom are reported. These data can be used for treatment planning. Leakage around the applicator was also scored. The dose distributions, PDD, and absolute dose rate calculated agree within experimental uncertainties with the doses measured: differences of MC data with chamber measurements are up to 0.8% and with radiochromic films are up to 3.5%. Conclusions: The new applicator and the dosimetric data provided here will be a valuable tool in clinical practice, making treatment of large skin lesions simpler, faster, and safer. Also the dose to surrounding healthy tissues is minimal. |
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Address |
[Candela-Juan, C.; Perez-Calatayud, J.] La Fe Univ & Polytech Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Valencia 46026, Spain, Email: ccanjuan@gmail.com |
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Publisher |
Amer Assoc Physicists Medicine Amer Inst Physics |
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English |
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ISSN |
0094-2405 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000373711000007 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2620 |
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Author |
Gimenez-Alventosa, V.; Vijande, J.; Ballester, F.; Perez-Calatayud, J. |
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Title |
Transit dose comparisons for Co-60 and Ir-192 HDR sources |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Radiological Protection |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Radiol. Prot. |
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Volume |
36 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
858-864 |
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Keywords |
Monte Carlo; dosimetry; HDR brachytherapy; transit dose |
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Abstract |
The goal of this study is to evaluate the ambient dose due to the transit of high dose rate (HDR) Co-60 sources along a transfer tube as compared to Ir-192 ones in a realistic clinical scenario. This goal is accomplished by evaluating air-kerma differences with Monte Carlo calculations using PENELOPE2011. Scatter from both the afterloader and the patient was not taken into account. Two sources, mHDR-v2 and Flexisource Co-60, (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, the Netherlands) have been considered. These sources were simulated within a standard transfer tube located in an infinite air phantom. The movement of the source was included by displacing their positions along the connecting tube from z = – 75 cm to z = + 75 cm and combining them. Since modern afterloaders like Flexitron (Elekta) or Saginova (BEBIG GmbH) are able to use equally 192Ir and 60Co sources, it was assumed that both sources are displaced with equal speed. Typical HDR source activity content values were provided by the manufacturer. 2D distributions were obtained with type-A uncertainties (k = 2) less than 0.01%. From those, the air-kerma ratio Co-60/Ir-192 was evaluated weighted by their corresponding typical activities. It was found that it varies slowly with distance (less than 10% variation at 75 cm) but strongly in time due to the shorter half-life of the 192Ir (73.83 d). The maximum ratio is located close to the tube. It reaches a value of 0.57 when the typical activity of the sources at the time when they were installed by the vendor was used. Such ratio increases up to 1.28 at the end of the recommended working life (90 d) of the Ir-192 source. Co-60/Ir-192 air-kerma ratios are almost constant (0.51-0.57) in the vicinity of the source-tube with recent installed sources. Nevertheless, air-kerma ratios increase rapidly (1.15-1.29) whenever the Ir-192 is approaching the end of its life. In case of a medical event requiring the medical staff to access the treatment room, these ratios indicate that the dosimetric impact on the medical team will be lower, with a few exceptions, in the case of Co-60-based HDR brachytherapy as compared to Ir-192-based one when typical air-kerma strength values are considered. |
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Address |
[Gimenez-Alventosa, Vicent; Vijande, Javier; Ballester, Facundo] Univ Valencia, Dept Atom Mol & Nucl Phys, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: javier.vijande@uv.es |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
0952-4746 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000386436100002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2839 |
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Author |
Bertone, G.; Calore, F.; Caron, S.; Ruiz de Austri, R.; Kim, J.S.; Trotta, R.; Weniger, C. |
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Title |
Global analysis of the pMSSM in light of the Fermi GeV excess: prospects for the LHC Run-II and astroparticle experiments |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
037 - 20pp |
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Keywords |
dark matter detectors; dark matter theory; gamma ray experiments; supersymmetry and cosmology |
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Abstract |
We present a new global fit of the 19-dimensional phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (pMSSM-19) that complies with all the latest experimental results from dark matter indirect, direct and accelerator dark matter searches. We show that the model provides a satisfactory explanation of the excess of gamma rays from the Galactic centre observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, assuming that it is produced by the annihilation of neutralinos in the Milky Way halo. We identify two regions that pass all the constraints: the first corresponds to neutralinos with a mass similar to 80 – 100 GeV annihilating into WW with a branching ratio of 95%; the second to heavier neutralinos, with mass similar to 180 – 200 GeV annihilating into (l) over barl with a branching ratio of 87%. We show that neutralinos compatible with the Galactic centre GeV excess will soon be within the reach of LHC run-II – notably through searches for charginos and neutralinos, squarks and light smuons – and of Xenon1T, thanks to its unprecedented sensitivity to spin-dependent cross-section off neutrons. |
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Address |
[Bertone, Gianfranco; Calore, Francesca; Weniger, Christoph] Univ Amsterdam, GRAPPA, Sci Pk 904, NL-1090 GL Amsterdam, Netherlands, Email: gf.bertone@gmail.com; |
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Publisher |
Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000393286400010 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2951 |
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Author |
Albiol, A.; Corbi, A.; Albiol, F. |
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Title |
Automatic intensity windowing of mammographic images based on a perceptual metric |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Medical Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Med. Phys. |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1369-1378 |
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Keywords |
contrast stretching; Gabor filtering; human visual system; mammogram; mutual information; window level/width |
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Abstract |
Purpose: Initial auto-adjustment of the window level WL and width WW applied to mammographic images. The proposed intensity windowing (IW) method is based on the maximization of the mutual information (MI) between a perceptual decomposition of the original 12-bit sources and their screen displayed 8-bit version. Besides zoom, color inversion and panning operations, IW is the most commonly performed task in daily screening and has a direct impact on diagnosis and the time involved in the process. Methods: The authors present a human visual system and perception-based algorithm named GRAIL (Gabor-relying adjustment of image levels). GRAIL initially measures a mammogram's quality based on the MI between the original instance and its Gabor-filtered derivations. From this point on, the algorithm performs an automatic intensity windowing process that outputs the WL/WW that best displays each mammogram for screening. GRAIL starts with the default, high contrast, wide dynamic range 12-bit data, and then maximizes the graphical information presented in ordinary 8-bit displays. Tests have been carried out with several mammogram databases. They comprise correlations and an ANOVA analysis with the manual IW levels established by a group of radiologists. A complete MATLAB implementation of GRAIL is available at . Results: Auto-leveled images show superior quality both perceptually and objectively compared to their full intensity range and compared to the application of other common methods like global contrast stretching (GCS). The correlations between the human determined intensity values and the ones estimated by our method surpass that of GCS. The ANOVA analysis with the upper intensity thresholds also reveals a similar outcome. GRAIL has also proven to specially perform better with images that contain micro-calcifications and/or foreign X-ray-opaque elements and with healthy BI-RADS A-type mammograms. It can also speed up the initial screening time by a mean of 4.5 s per image. Conclusions: A novel methodology is introduced that enables a quality-driven balancing of the WL/WW of mammographic images. This correction seeks the representation that maximizes the amount of graphical information contained in each image. The presented technique can contribute to the diagnosis and the overall efficiency of the breast screening session by suggesting, at the beginning, an optimal and customized windowing setting for each mammogram. |
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Address |
[Albiol, Alberto] Univ Politecn Valencia, iTeam Res Inst, Valencia, Spain, Email: alberto.corbi@ific.uv.es |
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Publisher |
Wiley |
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English |
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0094-2405 |
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Notes |
WOS:000400572700016 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
no |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3122 |
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Author |
Flores-Tlalpa, A.; Lopez Castro, G.; Roig, P. |
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Title |
Five-body leptonic decays of muon and tau lepton |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of High Energy Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. High Energy Phys. |
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Volume |
04 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
185 - 21pp |
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Keywords |
CP violation; Discrete Symmetries; Effective field theories; Precision QED |
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Abstract |
We study the five-body decays u(-) -> e(-)e(+)e(-)nu u (nu) over bar (e) and tau(-) -> l(-)l'+l'-nu(tau)(nu) over bar (l) for l, l' = e, u within the Standard Model (SM) and in a general effective field theory description of the weak interactions at low energies. We compute the branching ratios and compare our results with two previous – mutually discrepan – SM calculations. By assuming a general structure for the weak currents we derive the expressions for the energy and angular distributions of the three charged leptons when the decaying lepton is polarized, which will be useful in precise tests of the weak charged current at Belle II. In these decays, leptonic T-odd correlations in triple products of spin and momenta – which may signal time reversal violation in the leptonic sector – are suppressed by the tiny neutrino masses. Therefore, a measurement of such T-violating observables would be associated to neutrinoless lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays, where this effect is not extremely suppressed. We also study the backgrounds that the SM five-lepton lepton decays constitute to searches of LFV L- -> ? l(-)l'+l'(-) decays. Searches at high values of the invariant mass of the l'(+)l'(-) pair look the most convenient way to overcome the background. |
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Address |
[Flores-Tlalpa, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Apartado Postal 20-364, Mexico City 01000, DF, Mexico, Email: alain@fisica.unam.mx; |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
Springer |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1029-8479 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000411265800003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3501 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
