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Author Albiol, A.; Corbi, A.; Albiol, F.
Title Automatic intensity windowing of mammographic images based on a perceptual metric Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Medical Physics Abbreviated Journal Med. Phys.
Volume 44 Issue (down) 4 Pages 1369-1378
Keywords contrast stretching; Gabor filtering; human visual system; mammogram; mutual information; window level/width
Abstract Purpose: Initial auto-adjustment of the window level WL and width WW applied to mammographic images. The proposed intensity windowing (IW) method is based on the maximization of the mutual information (MI) between a perceptual decomposition of the original 12-bit sources and their screen displayed 8-bit version. Besides zoom, color inversion and panning operations, IW is the most commonly performed task in daily screening and has a direct impact on diagnosis and the time involved in the process. Methods: The authors present a human visual system and perception-based algorithm named GRAIL (Gabor-relying adjustment of image levels). GRAIL initially measures a mammogram's quality based on the MI between the original instance and its Gabor-filtered derivations. From this point on, the algorithm performs an automatic intensity windowing process that outputs the WL/WW that best displays each mammogram for screening. GRAIL starts with the default, high contrast, wide dynamic range 12-bit data, and then maximizes the graphical information presented in ordinary 8-bit displays. Tests have been carried out with several mammogram databases. They comprise correlations and an ANOVA analysis with the manual IW levels established by a group of radiologists. A complete MATLAB implementation of GRAIL is available at . Results: Auto-leveled images show superior quality both perceptually and objectively compared to their full intensity range and compared to the application of other common methods like global contrast stretching (GCS). The correlations between the human determined intensity values and the ones estimated by our method surpass that of GCS. The ANOVA analysis with the upper intensity thresholds also reveals a similar outcome. GRAIL has also proven to specially perform better with images that contain micro-calcifications and/or foreign X-ray-opaque elements and with healthy BI-RADS A-type mammograms. It can also speed up the initial screening time by a mean of 4.5 s per image. Conclusions: A novel methodology is introduced that enables a quality-driven balancing of the WL/WW of mammographic images. This correction seeks the representation that maximizes the amount of graphical information contained in each image. The presented technique can contribute to the diagnosis and the overall efficiency of the breast screening session by suggesting, at the beginning, an optimal and customized windowing setting for each mammogram.
Address [Albiol, Alberto] Univ Politecn Valencia, iTeam Res Inst, Valencia, Spain, Email: alberto.corbi@ific.uv.es
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Wiley Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0094-2405 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000400572700016 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration no
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3122
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Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Garcia Martin, L.M.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Valls, P.; Sanchez Mayordomo, C.
Title Evidence for the two-body charmless baryonic decay B+ -> p(Lambda)over-bar Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume 04 Issue (down) 4 Pages 162 - 18pp
Keywords B physics; Branching fraction; Flavor physics; Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)
Abstract A search for the rare two-body charmless baryonic decay B+ -> p (Lambda) over bar is performed with pp collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. An excess of B+ -> p (Lambda) over bar candidates with respect to background expectations is seen with a statistical significance of 4.1 standard deviations, and constitutes the first evidence for this decay. The branching fraction, measured using the B+ -> K-S(0)pi(+) decay for normalisation, is B(B+ -> p (Lambda) over bar) = (2.4(-0.8)(+)(+1.0) +/- 0.3) x 10(-7), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
Address [Bediaga, I.; De Mirandal, J. M.; Gomes, A.; Massafferril, A.; Molina Rodriguezl, J.; dos Reis, A. C.; Rodrigues, A. B.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Lavra, I. Soares; Vieira, D.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, Email: eduardo.rodrigues@cern.ch
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000401067200001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3131
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Author ATLAS Collaboration (Aaboud, M. et al); Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M.J.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Jimenez Pena, J.; King, M.; Lacasta, C.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Melini, D.; Mitsou, V.A.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Valero, A.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Vos, M.
Title Probing the W tb vertex structure in t-channel single-top-quark production and decay in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume 04 Issue (down) 4 Pages 124 - 50pp
Keywords Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments)
Abstract To probe the Wtb vertex structure, top-quark and W-boson polarisation observables are measured from t-channel single-top-quark events produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb(-1), recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Selected events contain one isolated electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two jets, with one of them identified as likely to contain a b-hadron. Stringent selection requirements are applied to discriminate t-channel single-top-quark events from background. The polarisation observables are extracted from asymmetries in angular distributions measured with respect to spin quantisation axes appropriately chosen for the top quark and the W boson. The asymmetry measurements are performed at parton level by correcting the observed angular distributions for detector effects and hadronisation after subtracting the background contributions. The measured top-quark and W-boson polarisation values are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions. Limits on the imaginary part of the anomalous coupling gR are also set from model-independent measurements.
Address [Jackson, P.; Lee, L.; Petridis, A.; White, M. J.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000400278200001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3132
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author ATLAS Collaboration (Aaboud, M. et al); Alvarez Piqueras, D.; Barranco Navarro, L.; Cabrera Urban, S.; Castillo Gimenez, V.; Cerda Alberich, L.; Costa, M.J.; Fernandez Martinez, P.; Ferrer, A.; Fiorini, L.; Fuster, J.; Garcia, C.; Garcia Navarro, J.E.; Gonzalez de la Hoz, S.; Higon-Rodriguez, E.; Jimenez Pena, J.; King, M.; Lacasta, C.; Mamuzic, J.; Marti-Garcia, S.; Melini, D.; Mitsou, V.A.; Pedraza Lopez, S.; Rodriguez Rodriguez, D.; Romero Adam, E.; Ros, E.; Salt, J.; Sanchez Martinez, V.; Soldevila, U.; Sanchez, J.; Valero, A.; Valls Ferrer, J.A.; Vos, M.
Title Measurement of the W boson polarisation in t(t)over-barevents from pp collisions at root s=8 TeV in the lepton plus jets channel with ATLAS Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication European Physical Journal C Abbreviated Journal Eur. Phys. J. C
Volume 77 Issue (down) 4 Pages 264 - 28pp
Keywords
Abstract This paper presents a measurement of the polarisation of W bosons from t (t) over bar t decays, reconstructed in events with one high-p(T) lepton and at least four jets. Data from pp collisions at the LHC were collected at root s = 8 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb(-1). The angle theta* between the b-quark from the top quark decay and a direct W boson decay product in the W boson rest frame is sensitive to the W boson polarisation. Two different W decay products are used as polarisation analysers: the charged lepton and the down-type quark for the leptonically and hadronically decaying W boson, respectively. The most precise measurement of the W boson polarisation via the distribution of cos theta* is obtained using the leptonic analyser and events in which at least two of the jets are tagged as b-quark jets. The fitted fractions of longitudinal, left-and right-handed polarisation states are F-0 = 0.709 +/- 0.019, F-L = 0.299 +/- 0.015 and F-R = – 0.008 +/- 0.014, and are the most precisely measured W boson polarisation fractions to date. Limits on anomalous couplings of the W tb vertex are set.
Address [Jackson, P.; Lee, L.; Petridis, A.; White, M. J.] Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA, Australia
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1434-6044 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000400235900001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3133
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Author ANTARES Collaboration (Albert, A. et al); Barrios-Marti, J.; Coleiro, A.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Illuminati, G.; Sanchez-Losa, A.; Tönnis, C.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J.
Title Time-dependent search for neutrino emission from X-ray binaries with the ANTARES telescope Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Abbreviated Journal J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
Volume 04 Issue (down) 4 Pages 019 - 24pp
Keywords neutrino astronomy; X-ray binaries; X-ray telescopes
Abstract ANTARES is currently the largest neutrino telescope operating in the Northern Hemisphere, aiming at the detection of high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical sources. Neutrino telescopes constantly monitor at least one complete hemisphere of the sky, and are thus well-suited to detect neutrinos produced in transient astrophysical sources. A time-dependent search has been applied to a list of 33 X-ray binaries undergoing high flaring activities in satellite data (RXTE/ASM, MAXI and Swift/BAT) and during hardness transition states in the 2008-2012 period. The background originating from interactions of charged cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere is drastically reduced by requiring a directional and temporal coincidence with astrophysical phenomena. The results of this search are presented together with comparisons between the neutrino flux upper limits and the neutrino flux predictions from astrophysical models. The neutrino flux upper limits resulting from this search limit the jet parameter space for some astrophysical models.
Address [Albert, A.; Drouhin, D.; Racca, C.] Univ Haute Alsace, GRPHE, Inst Univ Technol Colmar, 34 Rue Grillenbreit,BP 50568, F-68008 Colmar, France
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1475-7516 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000401806200019 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3147
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Barenboim, G.; Park, W.I.
Title A full picture of large lepton number asymmetries of the Universe Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Abbreviated Journal J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
Volume 04 Issue (down) 4 Pages 048 - 10pp
Keywords cosmological neutrinos; cosmology of theories beyond the SM; leptogenesis; physics of the early universe
Abstract A large lepton number asymmetry of O(0.1-1) at present Universe might not only be allowed but also necessary for consistency among cosmological data. We show that, if a sizeable lepton number asymmetry were produced before the electroweak phase transition, the requirement for not producing too much baryon number asymmetry through sphalerons processes, forces the high scale lepton number asymmetry to be larger than about 30. Therefore a mild entropy release causing O(10-100) suppression of pre-existing particle density should take place, when the background temperature of the Universe is around T = O(10(-2) -10(2)) GeV for a large but experimentally consistent asymmetry to be present today. We also show that such a mild entropy production can be obtained by the late-time decays of the saxion, constraining the parameters of the Peccei-Quinn sector such as the mass and the vacuum expectation value of the saxion field to be m(phi) greater than or similar to O(10) TeV and phi(0) greater than or similar to O(10(14)) GeV, respectively.
Address [Barenboim, Gabriela] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Gabriela.Barenboim@uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1475-7516 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000401806200048 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3148
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Author Moline, A.; Sanchez-Conde, M.A.; Palomares-Ruiz, S.; Prada, F.
Title Characterization of subhalo structural properties and implications for dark matter annihilation signals Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Abbreviated Journal Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
Volume 466 Issue (down) 4 Pages 4974-4990
Keywords galaxies: haloes; cosmology: theory; dark matter
Abstract A prediction of the standard Lambda cold dark matter cosmology is that dark matter (DM) haloes are teeming with numerous self-bound substructure or subhaloes. The precise properties of these subhaloes represent important probes of the underlying cosmological model. We use data from Via Lactea II and Exploring the Local Volume in Simulations N-body simulations to learn about the structure of subhaloes with masses 10(6)-10(11) h(-1) M circle dot. Thanks to a superb subhalo statistics, we study subhalo properties as a function of distance to host halo centre and subhalo mass, and provide a set of fits that accurately describe the subhalo structure. We also investigate the role of subhaloes on the search for DM annihilation. Previous work has shown that subhaloes are expected to boost the DM signal of their host haloes significantly. Yet, these works traditionally assumed that subhaloes exhibit similar structural properties than those of field haloes, while it is known that subhaloes are more concentrated. Building upon our N-body data analysis, we refine the substructure boost model of Sanchez-Conde & Prada (2014), and find boosts that are a factor 2-3 higher. We further refine the model to include unavoidable tidal stripping effects on the subhalo population. For field haloes, this introduces a moderate (similar to 20-30 per cent) suppression. Yet, for subhaloes like those hosting dwarf galaxy satellites, tidal stripping plays a critical role, the boost being at the level of a few tens of percent at most. We provide a parametrization of the boost for field haloes that can be safely applied over a wide halo mass range.
Address [Moline, Angeles] Univ Tecn Lisboa, CFTP, Inst Super Tecn, Av Rovisco Pais 1, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal, Email: angeles.moline@gmail.com;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Oxford Univ Press Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0035-8711 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000402849400088 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3164
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Chala, M.; Delgado, A.; Nardini, G.; Quiros, M.
Title A light sneutrino rescues the light stop Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume 04 Issue (down) 4 Pages 097 - 22pp
Keywords Supersymmetry Phenomenology
Abstract Stop searches in supersymmetric frameworks with R-parity conservation usually assume the lightest neutralino to be the lightest supersymmetric particle. In this paper we consider an alternative scenario in which the left-handed tau sneutrino is lighter than neutralinos and stable at collider scales, but possibly unstable at cosmological scales. Moreover the (mostly right-handed) stop (t) over tilde is lighter than all electroweakinos, and heavier than the scalars of the third generation lepton doublet, whose charged component, (T) over tilde, is heavier than the neutral one, (v) over tilde. The remaining supersymmetric particles are decoupled from the stop phenomenology. In most of the parameter space, the relevant stop decays are only into t (T) over tildeT, t (v) over tildev and b (v) over tildeT via off-shell electroweakinos. We constrain the branching ratios of these decays by recasting the most sensitive stop searches. Due to the “double invisible” kinematics of the (t) over tilde -> t (v) over tildev process, and the low efficiency in tagging the t (T) over tildeT decay products, light stops are generically allowed. In the minimal supersymmetric standard model with similar to 100 GeV sneutrinos, stops with masses as small as similar to 350 GeV turn out to be allowed at 95% CL.
Address [Chala, M.] Univ Valencia, Dept Fis Teor, Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain, Email: mikael.chala@ific.uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000402858600006 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3165
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Garcia Martin, L.M.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Valls, P.; Sanchez Mayordomo, C.
Title Measurement of matter-antimatter differences in beauty baryon decays Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.
Volume 13 Issue (down) 4 Pages 391-396
Keywords
Abstract Differences in the behaviour of matter and antimatter have been observed in K and B meson decays, but not yet in any baryon decay. Such differences are associated with the non-invariance of fundamental interactions under the combined chargeconjugation and parity transformations, known as CP violation. Here, using data from the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, we search for CP-violating asymmetries in the decay angle distributions of A(b)(0) baryons decaying to p pi(-)pi(+)pi(-) and p pi-K+K- final states. These four-body hadronic decays are a promising place to search for sources of CP violation both within and beyond the standard model of particle physics. We find evidence for CP violation in A(b)(0) to p pi(-)pi(+)pi(-) decays with a statistical significance corresponding to 3.3 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties. This represents the first evidence for CP violation in the baryon sector.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Nature Publishing Group Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1745-2473 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000398262900020 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3170
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Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Garcia Martin, L.M.; Henry, L.; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Remon Alepuz, C.; Ruiz Valls, P.; Sanchez Mayordomo, C.
Title First Observation of a Baryonic B-s(0) Decay Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Physical Review Letters Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.
Volume 119 Issue (down) 4 Pages 041802 - 10pp
Keywords
Abstract We report the first observation of a baryonic B-s(0) decay, B-s(0). p (Lambda) over barK(-), using proton-proton collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1). The branching fraction is measured to be B(B-s(0) -> p (Lambda) over bar K-)+ B(B-s(0) -> p (Lambda) over bar K+) [5.46 +/- 0.61 +/- 0.57 +/- 0.50(B) +/- 0.32(f(s)/(d))] x 10(-6), where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, the third uncertainty accounts for the experimental uncertainty on the branching fraction of the B-0 -> p (Lambda) over bar pi(-) decay used for normalization, and the fourth uncertainty relates to the knowledge of the ratio of b-quark hadronization probabilities f(s)/f(d).
Address [Bediaga, I.; De Miranda, J. M.; Gomes, A.; Massafferri, A.; Molina Rodriguez, J.; dos Reis, A. C.; Rodrigues, A. B.; Salustino Guimaraes, V.; Soares Lavra, L.; Tourinho Jadallah Aoude, R.] CBPF, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000406328300003 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3218
Permanent link to this record