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Author Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F.
Title Colloquium: Time-reversal violation with quantum-entangled B mesons Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Reviews of Modern Physics Abbreviated Journal Rev. Mod. Phys.
Volume 87 Issue (up) 1 Pages 165-182
Keywords
Abstract Symmetry transformations have been proven a bedrock tool for understanding the nature of particle interactions, formulating, and testing fundamental theories. Based on the up to now unbroken CPT symmetry, the violation of the CP symmetry between matter and antimatter by weak interactions, discovered in the decay of kaons in 1964 and observed more recently in 2001 in B mesons, strongly suggests that the behavior of these particles under weak interactions must also be asymmetric under time reversal T. However, until recent years there has not been a direct detection of the expected time-reversal violation in the time evolution of any system. This Colloquium examines the field of time-reversal symmetry breaking in the fundamental laws of physics. For transitions, its observation requires an asymmetry with exchange of initial and final states. A discussion is given of the conceptual basis for such an exchange with unstable particles, using the quantum properties of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement available at B meson factories combined with the decay as a filtering measurement. The method allows a clear-cut separation of different transitions between flavor and CP eigenstates in the decay of neutral B mesons. These ideas have been implemented for the experiment by the BABAR Collaboration at SLAC's B factory. The results, presented in 2012, prove beyond any doubt the violation of time-reversal invariance in the time evolution between these two states of the neutral B meson.
Address [Bernabeu, J.; Martinez-Vidal, F.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0034-6861 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000352076500001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration no
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2179
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A.; Bernabeu, J.
Title Breaking down the entire W boson spin observables from its decay Type Journal Article
Year 2016 Publication Physical Review D Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. D
Volume 93 Issue (up) 1 Pages 011301 - 6pp
Keywords
Abstract We discuss the eight independent spin observables for the W boson in terms of its vector and tensor polarizations and identify the angular distributions and asymmetries able to separate them in collider experiments. The results are applied to the study of polarized top quark decays and diboson resonances. These novel observables are of great value for disentangling new physics mechanisms in W boson production.
Address [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Amer Physical Soc Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1550-7998 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000368324500001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration no
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2538
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author El-Neaj, Y.A. et al; Bernabeu, J.
Title AEDGE: Atomic Experiment for Dark Matter and Gravity Exploration in Space Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication EPJ Quantum Technology Abbreviated Journal EPJ Quantum Technol.
Volume 7 Issue (up) 1 Pages 6 - 27pp
Keywords
Abstract We propose in this White Paper a concept for a space experiment using cold atoms to search for ultra-light dark matter, and to detect gravitational waves in the frequency range between the most sensitive ranges of LISA and the terrestrial LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA/INDIGO experiments. This interdisciplinary experiment, called Atomic Experiment for Dark Matter and Gravity Exploration (AEDGE), will also complement other planned searches for dark matter, and exploit synergies with other gravitational wave detectors. We give examples of the extended range of sensitivity to ultra-light dark matter offered by AEDGE, and how its gravitational-wave measurements could explore the assembly of super-massive black holes, first-order phase transitions in the early universe and cosmic strings. AEDGE will be based upon technologies now being developed for terrestrial experiments using cold atoms, and will benefit from the space experience obtained with, e.g., LISA and cold atom experiments in microgravity. KCL-PH-TH/2019-65, CERN-TH-2019-126
Address [El-Neaj, Yousef Abou] Harvard Univ, Phys Dept, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA, Email: o.buchmueller@imperial.ac.uk
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springeropen Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2662-4400 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000519468200001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4325
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Alonso, I. et al; Bernabeu, J.
Title Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map Type Journal Article
Year 2022 Publication EPJ Quantum Technology Abbreviated Journal EPJ Quantum Technol.
Volume 9 Issue (up) 1 Pages 30 - 55pp
Keywords
Abstract We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies.
Address [Alonso, Ivan] Univ Balearic Isl, Higher Polytech Sch, Valldemossa Rd, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain, Email: Oliver.Buchmueller@cern.ch;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2662-4400 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000885839700002 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5424
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Sabulsky, D.O.; Sanchez, F.; Segarra, A.
Title Neutrino mass and nature through its mediation in atomic clock interference Type Journal Article
Year 2024 Publication AVS Quantum Science Abbreviated Journal AVS Quantum Sci.
Volume 6 Issue (up) 1 Pages 014410 - 8pp
Keywords
Abstract The absolute mass of neutrinos and their nature are presently unknown. Aggregate matter has a coherent weak charge leading to a repulsive interaction mediated by a neutrino pair. The virtual neutrinos are non-relativistic at micron distances, giving a distinct behavior for Dirac versus Majorana mass terms. This effective potential allows for the disentanglement of the Dirac or Majorana nature of the neutrino via magnitude and distance dependence. We propose an experiment to search for this potential based on the concept that the density-dependent interaction of an atomic probe with a material source in one arm of an atomic clock interferometer generates a differential phase. The appropriate geometry of the device is selected using the saturation of the weak potential as a guide. The proposed experiment has the added benefit of being sensitive to gravity at micron distances. A strategy to suppress the competing Casimir-Polder interaction, depending on the electronic structure of the material source, as well as a way to compensate the gravitational interaction in the two arms of the interferometer is discussed.
Address [Bernabeu, Jose; Segarra, Alejandro] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: jose.bernabeu@uv.es
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher AIP Publishing Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:001186930100001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 6118
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A.; Bernabeu, J.
Title W polarisation beyond helicity fractions in top quark decays Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Nuclear Physics B Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Phys. B
Volume 840 Issue (up) 1-2 Pages 349-378
Keywords
Abstract We calculate the density matrix for the decay of a polarised top quark into a polarised W boson and a massive 17 quark, for the most general Wth vertex arising from dimension-six gauge-invariant effective operators. We show that, in addition to the well-known W helicity fractions, for polarised top decays it is worth defining and studying the transverse and normal W polarisation fractions, that is, the W polarisation alone two directions orthogonal to its momentum. In particular, a rather simple forward-backward asymmetry in the normal direction is found to be very sensitive to complex phases in one of the Wth anomalous couplings. This asymmetry, which indicates a normal W polarisation, can be generated for example by a P-odd. T-odd transition electric dipole moment. We also investigate the angular distribution of decay products in the top quark rest frame, calculating the spin analysing powers for a general Wth vertex. Finally we show that, using a combined fit to top decay observables and the t W cross section, at LHC it will be possible to obtain model-independent measurements of all the (complex) Wth couplings as well as the single top polarisation. Implications for spin correlations in top pair production are also discussed.
Address [Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain, Email: jaas@ugr.es
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Elsevier Science Bv Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0550-3213 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes ISI:000281832900013 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ elepoucu @ Serial 370
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Di Domenico, A.; Villanueva-Perez, P.
Title Probing CPT in transitions with entangled neutral kaons Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume 10 Issue (up) 10 Pages 139 - 19pp
Keywords Discrete and Finite Symmetries; Kaon Physics; CP violation
Abstract In this paper we present a novel CPT symmetry test in the neutral kaon system based, for the first time, on the direct comparison of the probabilities of a transition and its CPT reverse. The required interchange of in <-> out states for a given process is obtained exploiting the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations of neutral kaon pairs produced at a phi-factory. The observable quantities have been constructed by selecting the two semileptonic decays for flavour tag, the pi and 3 pi(0) decays for CP tag and the time orderings of the decay pairs. The interpretation in terms of the standard Weisskopf-Wigner approach to this system, directly connects CPT violation in these observables to the violating R delta parameter in the mass matrix of K-0 – (K) over bar (0), a genuine CPT violating effect independent of Delta Gamma and not requiring the decay as an essential ingredient. Possible spurious effects induced by CP violation in the decay and/or a violation of the Delta S = Delta Q rule have been shown to be well under control. The proposed test is thus fully robust, and might shed light on possible new CPT violating mechanisms, or further improve the precision of the present experimental limits. It could be implemented at the DA Phi NE facility in Frascati, where the KLOE-2 experiment might reach a statistical sensitivity of O (10(-3)) on the newly proposed observable quantities.
Address [Bernabeu, J.; Villanueva-Perez, P.] Univ Valencia, Dept Theoret Phys, E-46100 Valencia, Spain, Email: jose.bernabeu@uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000363478100001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2420
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Navarro-Salas, J.
Title A Non-Local Action for Electrodynamics: Duality Symmetry and the Aharonov-Bohm Effect, Revisited Type Journal Article
Year 2019 Publication Symmetry-Basel Abbreviated Journal Symmetry-Basel
Volume 11 Issue (up) 10 Pages 1191 - 13pp
Keywords non-local action; electrodynamics; electromagnetic duality symmetry; Aharonov-Bohm effect
Abstract A non-local action functional for electrodynamics depending on the electric and magnetic fields, instead of potentials, has been proposed in the literature. In this work we elaborate and improve this proposal. We also use this formalism to confront the electric-magnetic duality symmetry of the electromagnetic field and the Aharonov-Bohm effect, two subtle aspects of electrodynamics that we examine in a novel way. We show how the former can be derived from the simple harmonic oscillator character of vacuum electrodynamics, while also demonstrating how the magnetic version of the latter naturally arises in an explicitly non-local manner.
Address [Bernabeu, Joan] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Phys Dept, Theresienstr 37, D-80333 Munich, Germany, Email: Joan.Bernabeu@physik.uni-muenchen.de;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Mdpi Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000495457600005 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4192
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bevan, A.J. et al; Martinez-Vidal, F.; Pich, A.; Azzolini, V.; Bernabeu, J.; Lopez-March, N.; Milanes, D.A.; Oyanguren, A.; Villanueva-Perez, P.
Title The Physics of the B Factories Type Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication European Physical Journal C Abbreviated Journal Eur. Phys. J. C
Volume 74 Issue (up) 11 Pages 3026 - 916pp
Keywords
Abstract
Address [Bevan, A. J.; Azzopardi, D. E.; Bellodi, G.; Clarke, C. K.; Cormack, C. M.; Dixon, P.; George, K. A.; Di Lodovico, F.; Menges, W.; Newman-Coburn, D.; Potter, R. J. L.; Sacco, R.; Shorthouse, H. W.; Sigamani, M.; Strother, P.; Vidal, P. B.; Williams, M. I.] Univ London, London E1 4NS, England
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1434-6044 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000347169500001 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2074
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bernabeu, J.; Segarra, A.
Title Signatures of the genuine and matter-induced components of the CP violation asymmetry in neutrino oscillations Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Journal of High Energy Physics Abbreviated Journal J. High Energy Phys.
Volume 11 Issue (up) 11 Pages 063 - 26pp
Keywords CP violation; Discrete Symmetries; Neutrino Physics
Abstract CP asymmetries for neutrino oscillations in matter can be disentangled into the matter-induced CPT-odd (T-invariant) component and the genuine T-odd (CPT-invariant) component. For their understanding in terms of the relevant ingredients, we develop a new perturbative expansion in both m2| without any assumptions between m2 and a, and study the subtleties of the vacuum limit in the two terms of the CP asymmetry, moving from the CPT-invariant vacuum limit a 0 to the T-invariant limit m20. In the experimental region of terrestrial accelerator neutrinos, we calculate their approximate expressions from which we prove that, at medium baselines, the CPT-odd component is small and nearly -independent, so it can be subtracted from the experimental CP asymmetry as a theoretical background, provided the hierarchy is known. At long baselines, on the other hand, we find that (i) a Hierarchy-odd term in the CPT-odd component dominates the CP asymmetry for energies above the first oscillation node, and (ii) the CPT-odd term vanishes, independent of the CP phase , at E = 0.92 GeV (L/1300 km) near the second oscillation maximum, where the T-odd term is almost maximal and proportional to sin . A measurement of the CP asymmetry in these energy regions would thus provide separate information on (i) the neutrino mass ordering, and (ii) direct evidence of genuine CP violation in the lepton sector.
Address [Bernabeu, Jose] Univ Valencia, CSIC, Dept Fis Teor, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain, Email: Jose.Bernabeu@uv.es;
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1029-8479 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes WOS:000449817300002 Approved no
Is ISI yes International Collaboration no
Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3801
Permanent link to this record