LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Henry, L., Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., et al. (2021). Search for CP violation in D-(s)(+) -> h(+) pi(0) and decays D-(s)(+) -> h(+) eta decays. J. High Energy Phys., 06(6), 019–25pp.
Abstract: Searches for CP violation in the two-body decays D-(s)(+) -> h(+)pi(0) and D-(s)(+) -> h(+)eta (where h(+) denotes a pi(+) or K+ meson) are performed using pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment corresponding to either 9 fb(-1) or 6 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity. The pi(0) and eta mesons are reconstructed using the e(+) e(-)gamma final state, which can proceed as three-body decays pi(0) -> e(+) e(-) gamma and eta -> e(+) e(-)gamma, or via the two-body decays pi(0) -> gamma gamma and eta -> gamma gamma followed by a photon conversion. The measurements are made relative to the control modes D-(s)(+) K(S)(0)h(+) to cancel the production and detection asymmetries. The CP asymmetries are measured to be A(CP)(D+ -> pi(+)pi(0)) = (-1.3 +/- 0.9 +/- 0.6)%, A(CP)(D+ -> K+pi(0)) = (- 3.2 +/- 4.7 +/- 2.1)%, A(CP)(D+ -> pi(+)eta) = (-0.2 +/- 0.8 +/- 0.4)%, A(CP)(D+ -> K+eta) = (-6 +/- 10 +/- 4 )%, A(CP)(D-s(+) -> K+pi(0)) = (-0.8 +/- 3.9 +/- 1.2)%, A(CP)(D-s(+) -> pi(+)eta) = ( 0.8 +/- 0.7 +/- 0.5)%, A(CP)(D-s(+) -> K+eta) = ( 0.9 +/- 3.7 +/- 1.1)%, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. These results are consistent with no CP violation and mostly constitute the most precise measurements of A(CP) in these decay modes to date.
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Masud, M., Mehta, P., Ternes, C. A., & Tortola, M. (2021). Non-standard neutrino oscillations: perspective from unitarity triangles. J. High Energy Phys., 05(5), 171–19pp.
Abstract: We formulate an alternative approach based on unitarity triangles to describe neutrino oscillations in presence of non-standard interactions (NSI). Using perturbation theory, we derive the expression for the oscillation probability in case of NSI and cast it in terms of the three independent parameters of the leptonic unitarity triangle (LUT). The form invariance of the probability expression (even in presence of new physics scenario as long as the mixing matrix is unitary) facilitates a neat geometric view of neutrino oscillations in terms of LUT. We examine the regime of validity of perturbative expansions in the NSI case and make comparisons with approximate expressions existing in literature. We uncover some interesting dependencies on NSI terms while studying the evolution of LUT parameters and the Jarlskog invariant. Interestingly, the geometric approach based on LUT allows us to express the oscillation probabilities for a given pair of neutrino flavours in terms of only three (and not four) degrees of freedom which are related to the geometric properties (sides and angles) of the triangle. Moreover, the LUT parameters are invariant under rephasing transformations and independent of the parameterization adopted.
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Bordes, J., Chan, H. M., & Tsou, S. T. (2021). delta(CP) for leptons and a new take on CP physics with the FSM. Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, 36, 2150236–22pp.
Abstract: A bonus of the framed Standard Model (FSM), constructed initially to explain the mass and mixing patterns of quarks and leptons, is a solution (without axions) of the strong CP problem by cancelling the theta-angle term theta(I) Tr(H-mu v H-mu v*) in coloura by a chiral transformation on a quark zero mode which is inherent in FSM, and produces thereby a CP-violating phase in the CKM matrix similar in size to what is observed.' Extending here to flavour, one finds that there are two terms proportional to Tr(G(mu v) G(mu v)*): (a) in the action from flavour instantons with unknown coefficient, say theta(I)', (b) induced by the above FSM solution to the strong CP-problem with therefore known coefficient theta(C)'. Both terms can be cancelled in the FSM by a chiral transformation on the lepton zero mode to give a Jarlskog invariant J' in the PMNS matrix for leptons of order 10(-2), as is hinted by the experiment. But if, as suggested in Ref. 2, the term theta(I)' is to be cancelled by a chiral transformation in the predicted hidden sector to solve the strong CP problem therein, leaving only the term theta(C)' to be cancelled by the chiral transformation on leptons, then the following prediction results: J' similar to -0.012 (delta(CP)'similar to (1.11)pi) which is (i) of the right order, (ii) of the right sign and (iii) in the range favoured by the present experiment. Together with the earlier result for quarks, this offers an attractive unified treatment of all known CP physics.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2021). Simultaneous determination of CKM angle gamma and charm mixing parameters. J. High Energy Phys., 12(12), 141–32pp.
Abstract: A combination of measurements sensitive to the CP violation angle gamma of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity triangle and to the charm mixing parameters that describe oscillations between D-0 and (D) over bar (0) mesons is performed. Results from the charm and beauty sectors, based on data collected with the LHCb detector at CERN's Large Hadron Collider, are combined for the first time. This method provides an improvement on the precision of the charm mixing parameter y by a factor of two with respect to the current world average. The charm mixing parameters are determined to be x = (0.400(-0.053)(+0.052))% and y = (0.630(-0.030)(+0.033))%. The angle gamma is found to be gamma = (65.4(-4.2)(+3.8))degrees and is the most precise determination from a single experiment.
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Miranda, O. G., Papoulias, D. K., Sanders, O., Tortola, M., & Valle, J. W. F. (2021). Low-energy probes of sterile neutrino transition magnetic moments. J. High Energy Phys., 12(12), 191–24pp.
Abstract: Sterile neutrinos with keV-MeV masses and non-zero transition magnetic moments can be probed through low-energy nuclear or electron recoil measurements. Here we determine the sensitivities of current and future searches, showing how they can probe a previously unexplored parameter region. Future coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) or elastic neutrino-electron scattering (EvES) experiments using a monochromatic 'Cr source can fully probe the region indicated by the recent XENONIT excess.
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Pich, A., & Rodriguez-Sanchez, A. (2021). SU(3) analysis of four-quark operators: K -> pi pi and vacuum matrix elements. J. High Energy Phys., 06(6), 005–43pp.
Abstract: Hadronic matrix elements of local four-quark operators play a central role in non-leptonic kaon decays, while vacuum matrix elements involving the same kind of operators appear in inclusive dispersion relations, such as those relevant in tau -decay analyses. Using an SU(3)(L) circle times SU(3)(R) decomposition of the operators, we derive generic relations between these matrix elements, extending well-known results that link observables in the two different sectors. Two relevant phenomenological applications are presented. First, we determine the electroweak-penguin contribution to the kaon CP-violating ratio epsilon '/epsilon, using the measured hadronic spectral functions in tau decay. Second, we fit our SU(3) dynamical parameters to the most recent lattice data on K -> pi pi matrix elements. The comparison of this numerical fit with results from previous analytical approaches provides an interesting anatomy of the Delta I = 1/2 enhancement, confirming old suggestions about its underlying dynamical origin.
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Gisbert, H., Miralles, V., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2022). Electric dipole moments from colour-octet scalars. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 077–25pp.
Abstract: We present the contributions to electric dipole moments (EDMs) induced by the Yukawa couplings of an additional electroweak doublet of colour-octet scalars. The full set of one-loop diagrams and the enhanced higher-order effects from Barr-Zee diagrams are computed for the quark (chromo-)EDM, along with the two-loop contributions to the Weinberg operator. Using the stringent experimental upper limits on the neutron EDM, constraints on the parameter space of the Manohar-Wise model are derived.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2022). Constraints on the CKM angle gamma from B-+/- -> Dh(+/-) decays using D -> h(+/-)h '(-/+)pi(0) final states. J. High Energy Phys., 07(7), 099–24pp.
Abstract: A data sample collected with the LHCb detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb(-1) is used to measure eleven CP violation observables in B-+/- -> Dh(+/-) decays, where h is either a kaon or a pion. The neutral D meson decay is reconstructed in the three-body final states: K-+/-pi(-/+)pi(0); pi(+)pi(-)pi(0); K+ K- pi(0) and the suppressed pi K-+(-/+)pi(0) combination. The mode where a large CP asymmetry is expected, B-+/- -> [K-+/-pi(-/+)pi(0)] K-D(+/-), is observed with a significance greater than seven standard deviations. The ratio of the partial width of this mode relative to that of the favoured mode, B-+/- -> [K-+/-pi(-/+)pi(0)] K-D(+/-), is R-ADS(K) = (1.27 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.02) x 10(-2). Evidence for a large CP asymmetry is also seen: A(ADS(K)) = – 0.38 +/- 0.12 +/- 0.02. Constraints on the CKM angle gamma are calculated from the eleven reported observables.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., & Ruiz Vidal, J. (2023). Measurement of CP asymmetries in D-(s)(+) -> eta pi(+) and D-(s)(+) -> eta 'pi(+) decays. J. High Energy Phys., 04(4), 081–23pp.
Abstract: Searches for CP violation in the decays D-(s)(+) -> eta pi(+) and D-(s)(+) -> eta'pi(+) are performed using pp collision data corresponding to 6 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity collected by the LHCb experiment. The calibration channels D-(s)(+) -> phi pi(+) are used to remove production and detection asymmetries. The resulting CP-violating asymmetries are A(CP) (D+ -> eta pi(+)) = (0.34 +/- 0.66 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.05)%, A(CP) (D-s(+) -> eta pi(+)) = (0.32 +/- 0.51 +/- 0.12)%, A(CP) (D+ -> eta'pi(+)) = (0.49 +/- 0.18 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.05)%, A(CP) (D-s(+) -> eta'pi(+)) = (0.01 +/- 0.12 +/- 0.08)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the third, relevant for the D+ channels, is due to the uncertainty on A(CP) (D+ -> phi pi(+)). These measurements, currently the most precise for three of the four channels considered, are consistent with the absence of CP violation. A combination of these results with previous LHCb measurements is presented.
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KLOE-2 Collaboration(Babusci, D. et al), & Bernabeu, J. (2023). Direct tests of T, CP, CPT symmetries in transitions of neutral K mesons with the KLOE experiment. Phys. Lett. B, 845, 138164–11pp.
Abstract: Tests of the T, CP and CPT symmetries in the neutral kaon system are performed by the direct comparison of the probabilities of a kaon transition process to its symmetry-conjugate. The exchange of in and out states required for a genuine test involving an antiunitary transformation implied by time-reversal is implemented exploiting the entanglement of K0K0 pairs produced at a 0 -factory.A data sample collected by the KLOE experiment at DAONE corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 1.7 fb-1 is analysed to study the At distributions of the 0 -> KSKL -> pi+pi- pi +/- e -/+ v and 0 -> KSKL -> pi +/- e -/+ v3 pi 0 processes, with At the difference of the kaon decay times. A comparison of the measured At distributions in the asymptotic region At ⠅ iS allows to test for the first time T and CPT symmetries in kaon transitions with a precision of few percent, and to observe CP violation with this novel method.
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