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HAWC Collaboration(Alfaro, R. et al), & Salesa Greus, F. (2022). Validation of standardized data formats and tools for ground-level particle-based gamma-ray observatories. Astron. Astrophys., 667, A36–12pp.
Abstract: Context. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy is still a rather young field of research, with strong historical connections to particle physics. This is why most observations are conducted by experiments with proprietary data and analysis software, as is usual in the particle physics field. However, in recent years, this paradigm has been slowly shifting toward the development and use of open-source data formats and tools, driven by upcoming observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this context, a community-driven, shared data format (the gamma-astro-data-format, or GADF) and analysis tools such as Gammapy and ctools have been developed. So far, these efforts have been led by the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope community, leaving out other types of ground-based gamma-ray instruments. Aims. We aim to show that the data from ground particle arrays, such as the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, are also compatible with the GADF and can thus be fully analyzed using the related tools, in this case, Gammapy. Methods. We reproduced several published HAWC results using Gammapy and data products compliant with GADF standard. We also illustrate the capabilities of the shared format and tools by producing a joint fit of the Crab spectrum including data from six different gamma-ray experiments. Results. We find excellent agreement with the reference results, a powerful confirmation of both the published results and the tools involved. Conclusions. The data from particle detector arrays such as the HAWC observatory can be adapted to the GADF and thus analyzed with Gammapy. A common data format and shared analysis tools allow multi-instrument joint analysis and effective data sharing. To emphasize this, a sample of Crab nebula event lists is made public with this paper. Because of the complementary nature of pointing and wide-field instruments, this synergy will be distinctly beneficial for the joint scientific exploitation of future observatories such as the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory and CTA.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aad, G. et al), Amos, K. R., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Bouchhar, N., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2023). A search for new resonances in multiple final states with a high transverse momentum Z boson in root s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector. J. High Energy Phys., 06(6), 036–56pp.
Abstract: A generic search for resonances is performed with events containing a Z boson with transverse momentum greater than 100 GeV, decaying into e+e− or μ+μ−. The analysed data collected with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. Two invariant mass distributions are examined for a localised excess relative to the expected Standard Model background in six independent event categories (and their inclusive sum) to increase the sensitivity. No significant excess is observed. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are derived for two cases: a model-independent interpretation of Gaussian-shaped resonances with the mass width between 3% and 10% of the resonance mass, and a specific heavy vector triplet model with the decay mode W′ → ZW → ℓℓqq.
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Donini, A., Palomares-Ruiz, S., & Salvado, J. (2019). Neutrino tomography of Earth. Nat. Phys., 15(1), 37–40.
Abstract: Cosmic-ray interactions with the atmosphere produce a flux of neutrinos in all directions with energies extending above the TeV scale(1). The Earth is not a fully transparent medium for neutrinos with energies above a few TeV, as the neutrinonucleon cross-section is large enough to make the absorption probability non-negligible(2). Since absorption depends on energy and distance travelled, studying the distribution of the TeV atmospheric neutrinos passing through the Earth offers an opportunity to infer its density profiles(3-7). This has never been done, however, due to the lack of relevant data. Here we perform a neutrino-based tomography of the Earth using actual data-one-year of through-going muon atmospheric neutrino data collected by the IceCube telescope(8). Using only weak interactions, in a way that is completely independent of gravitational measurements, we are able to determine the mass of the Earth and its core, its moment of inertia, and to establish that the core is denser than the mantle. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach to study the Earth's internal structure, which is complementary to traditional geophysics methods. Neutrino tomography could become more competitive as soon as more statistics is available, provided that the sources of systematic uncertainties are fully under control.
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Coloma, P., Esteban, I., Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C., Larizgoitia, L., Monrabal, F., & Palomares-Ruiz, S. (2022). Bounds on new physics with data of the Dresden-II reactor experiment and COHERENT. J. High Energy Phys., 05(5), 037–33pp.
Abstract: Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering was first experimentally established five years ago by the COHERENT experiment using neutrinos from the spallation neutron source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The first evidence of observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with reactor antineutrinos has now been reported by the Dresden-II reactor experiment, using a germanium detector. In this paper, we present constraints on a variety of beyond the Standard Model scenarios using the new Dresden-II data. In particular, we explore the constraints imposed on neutrino nonstandard interactions, neutrino magnetic moments, and several models with light scalar or light vector mediators. We also quantify the impact of their combination with COHERENT (CsI and Ar) data. In doing so, we highlight the synergies between spallation neutron source and nuclear reactor experiments regarding beyond the Standard Model searches, as well as the advantages of combining data obtained with different nuclear targets. We also study the possible signal from beyond the Standard Model scenarios due to elastic scattering off electrons (which would pass selection cuts of the COHERENT CsI and the Dresden-II experiments) and find more stringent constraints in certain parts of the parameter space than those obtained considering coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering.
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Cranmer, K. et al, & Sanz, V. (2022). Publishing statistical models: Getting the most out of particle physics experiments. SciPost Phys., 12(1), 037–55pp.
Abstract: The statistical models used to derive the results of experimental analyses are of incredible scientific value and are essential information for analysis preservation and reuse. In this paper, we make the scientific case for systematically publishing the full statistical models and discuss the technical developments that make this practical. By means of a variety of physics cases – including parton distribution functions, Higgs boson measurements, effective field theory interpretations, direct searches for new physics, heavy flavor physics, direct dark matter detection, world averages, and beyond the Standard Model global fits – we illustrate how detailed information on the statistical modelling can enhance the short- and long-term impact of experimental results.
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Delgado, R. L., Gomez-Ambrosio, R., Martinez-Martin, J., Salas-Bernardez, A., & Sanz-Cillero, J. J. (2024). Production of two, three, and four Higgs bosons: where SMEFT and HEFT depart. J. High Energy Phys., 03(3), 037–45pp.
Abstract: In this article we study the phenomenological implications of multiple Higgs boson production from longitudinal vector boson scattering in the context of effective field theories. We find compact representations for effective tree-level amplitudes with up to four final state Higgs bosons. Total cross sections are then computed for scenarios relevant at the LHC in which we find the general Higgs Effective Theory (HEFT) prediction avoids the heavy suppression observed in Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT).
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Wang, E., Liang, W. H., & Oset, E. (2021). Analysis of the e(+)e(-) -> J/psi D(D)over-bar reaction close to the threshold concerning claims of a chi(c0)(2P) state. Eur. Phys. J. A, 57(1), 38–9pp.
Abstract: We analyze the D (D) over bar mass distribution from a recent Belle experiment on the e(+)e(-) -> J/.D (D) over bar reaction, and show that the mass distribution divided by phase sp(c)e does not have a clear peak above the D (D) over bar threshold that justifies the experimental claim of chi(c0)(2P) state from those data. Then we use a unitary formalismwith coupled channels D+ D-, D-0 (D) over bar (0), D-s(D) over bar (s), and eta eta, with some of the interactions taken from a theoretical model, and use the data to fix other parameters. We then show that, given the poor quality of the data, we can get different fits leading to very different D (D) over bar amplitudes, some of them supporting a D (D) over bar bound state and others not. The main conclusion is that the claim for the chi(c0)(2P) state, already included in the PDG, is premature, but refined data can provide very valuable information on the D (D) over bar scattering amplitude. As side effects, we warn about the use of a Breit-Wigner amplitude parameterization close to threshold, and show that the D-s(D) over bar (s) channel plays an important role in this reaction.
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LHCb Collaboration(Aaij, R. et al), Jashal, B. K., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Remon Alepuz, C., Ruiz Vidal, J., et al. (2022). Observation of the doubly charmed baryon decay Xi(++)(cc) -> Xi(c)'(+)pi(+). J. High Energy Phys., 05(5), 038–18pp.
Abstract: The Xi(++)(cc) -> Xi('+)(c)pi(+) decay is observed using proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4 fb(-1). The Xi(++)(cc) -> Xi('+)(c)pi(+) decay is reconstructed partially, where the photon from the Xi('+)(c) -> Xi(+)(c)gamma decay is not reconstructed and the pK(-)pi(+) final state of the Sc+ baryon is employed. The Xi(++)(cc) -> Xi('+)(c)pi(+) branching fraction relative to that of the Xi(++)(cc) -> Xi('+)(c)pi(+) decay is measured to be 1.41 +/- 0.17 +/- 0.10, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
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Catani, S., Cieri, L., Colferai, D., & Coradeschi, F. (2023). Soft gluon-quark-antiquark emission in QCD hard scattering. Eur. Phys. J. C, 83(1), 38–18pp.
Abstract: We consider the radiation of a soft gluon (g) and a soft quark-antiquark (qq & macr;) pair in QCD hard scattering. In the soft limit the scattering amplitude has a singular behaviour that is factorized and controlled by a soft current, which has a process-independent structure in colour space. We evaluate the soft gqq & macr; current at the tree level for an arbitrary multiparton scattering process. The irreducible correlation component of the current includes strictly nonabelian terms and also terms with an abelian character. Analogous abelian correlations appear for soft photon-lepton- antilepton emission in QED. The squared current for soft gqq & macr; emission produces colour dipole and colourtripole interactions between the hard-scattering partons. The colour tripole interactions are odd under charge conjugation and lead to charge asymmetry effects. We consider the specific applications to processes with two and three hard partons, and we discuss the structure of the corresponding charge asymmetry contributions. We also generalize our QCD results to the cases of QED and mixed QCD x QED radiative corrections.
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ATLAS Collaboration(Aaboud, M. et al), Alvarez Piqueras, D., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Bailey, A. J., Barranco Navarro, L., Cabrera Urban, S., et al. (2018). Search for new phenomena in events with same-charge leptons and b-jets in pp collisions at >=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector. J. High Energy Phys., 12(12), 039–56pp.
Abstract: A search for new phenomena in events with two same- charge leptons or three leptons and jets identi fi ed as originating from b – quarks in a data sample of 36.1 fb of pp collisions at ps = 13TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reported. No signi fi cant excess is found and limits are set on vector- like quark, fourtop- quark, and same- sign top- quark pair production. The observed ( expected) 95% CL mass limits for a vector- like T – and B – quark singlet are mT > 0 : 98 ( 0 : 99) TeV and mB > 1 : 00 ( 1 : 01) TeV respectively. Limits on the production of the vector- like T5=3 – quark are also derived considering both pair and single production; in the former case the lower limit on the mass of the T5=3 – quark is ( expected to be) 1.19 ( 1.21) TeV. The Standard Model fourtop- quark production cross- section upper limit is ( expected to be) 69 ( 29) fb. Constraints are also set on exotic four- top- quark production models. Finally, limits are set on samesign top- quark pair production. The upper limit on uu ! tt production is ( expected to be) 89 ( 59) fb for a mediator mass of 1TeV, and a dark- matter interpretation is also derived, excluding a mediator of 3TeV with a dark- sector coupling of 1.0 and a coupling to ordinary matter above 0.31.
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