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Author HAWC Collaboration (Abeysekara, A.U. et al); Salesa Greus, F. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory in Mexico: The primary detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research A Abbreviated Journal Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A  
  Volume 1052 Issue Pages 168253 - 18pp  
  Keywords Physics – instrumentation and detectors; Water Cherenkov Detectors; Astrophysics; High energy physics – experiment; Nuclear experiment  
  Abstract The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a second-generation continuously operated, wide field-of-view, TeV gamma-ray observatory. The HAWC observatory and its analysis techniques build on experience of the Milagro experiment in using ground-based water Cherenkov detectors for gamma-ray astronomy. HAWC is located on the Sierra Negra volcano in Mexico at an elevation of 4100 meters above sea level. The completed HAWC observatory principal detector (HAWC) consists of 300 closely spaced water Cherenkov detectors, each equipped with four photomultiplier tubes to provide timing and charge information to reconstruct the extensive air shower energy and arrival direction. The HAWC observatory has been optimized to observe transient and steady emission from sources of gamma rays within an energy range from several hundred GeV to several hundred TeV. However, most of the air showers detected are initiated by cosmic rays, allowing studies of cosmic rays also to be performed. This paper describes the characteristics of the HAWC main array and its hardware.  
  Address [Abeysekara, A. U.; Barber, A. S.; Hona, B.; Kieda, D.; Newbold, M.; Springer, R. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA, Email: eduardo.delafuentea@academicos.udg.mx  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0168-9002 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:001063137300001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5674  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author KM3NeT Collaboration (Adrian-Martinez, S. et al); Aguilar, J.A.; Bigongiari, C.; Calvo Diaz-Aldagalan, D.; Emanuele, U.; Gomez-Gonzalez, J.P.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Mangano, S.; Real, D.; Salesa, F.; Toscano, S.; Urbano, F.; Yepes, H.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. doi  openurl
  Title Expansion cone for the 3-inch PMTs of the KM3NeT optical modules Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 8 Issue Pages T03006 - 20pp  
  Keywords Optical detector readout concepts; Instrument optimisation; Cherenkov detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics  
  Abstract Detection of high-energy neutrinos from distant astrophysical sources will open a new window on the Universe. The detection principle exploits the measurement of Cherenkov light emitted by charged particles resulting from neutrino interactions in the matter containing the telescope. A novel multi-PMT digital optical module (DOM) was developed to contain 31 3-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). In order to maximize the detector sensitivity, each PMT will be surrounded by an expansion cone which collects photons that would otherwise miss the photocathode. Results for various angles of incidence with respect to the PMT surface indicate an increase in collection efficiency by 30% on average for angles up to 45 degrees with respect to the perpendicular. Ray-tracing calculations could reproduce the measurements, allowing to estimate an increase in the overall photocathode sensitivity, integrated over all angles of incidence, by 27% (for a single PMT). Prototype DOMs, being built by the KM3NeT consortium, will be equipped with these expansion cones.  
  Address Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, Email: o.kavatsyuk@rug.nl  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000316990700051 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 1391  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Alves Garre, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V.; Colomer, M.; Corredoira, I; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Illuminati, G.; Khan Chowdhury, N.R.; Manczak, J.; Muñoz Perez, D.; Palacios Gonzalez, J.; Pieterse, C.; Real, D.; Salesa Greus, F.; Thakore, T.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Deep-sea deployment of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope detection units by self-unrolling Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 15 Issue 11 Pages P11027 - 18pp  
  Keywords Cherenkov detectors; Manufacturing; Overall mechanics design (support structures and materials, vibration analysis etc); Special cables  
  Abstract KM3NeT is a research infrastructure being installed in the deep Mediterranean Sea. It will house a neutrino telescope comprising hundreds of networked moorings – detection units or strings – equipped with optical instrumentation to detect the Cherenkov radiation generated by charged particles from neutrino-induced collisions in its vicinity. In comparison to moorings typically used for oceanography, several key features of the KM3NeT string are different: the instrumentation is contained in transparent and thus unprotected glass spheres; two thin Dyneema (R) ropes are used as strength members; and a thin delicate backbone tube with fibre-optics and copper wires for data and power transmission, respectively, runs along the full length of the mooring. Also, compared to other neutrino telescopes such as ANTARES in the Mediterranean Sea and GVD in Lake Baikal, the KM3NeT strings are more slender to minimise the amount of material used for support of the optical sensors. Moreover, the rate of deploying a large number of strings in a period of a few years is unprecedented. For all these reasons, for the installation of the KM3NeT strings, a custom-made, fast deployment method was designed. Despite the length of several hundreds of metres, the slim design of the string allows it to be compacted into a small, re-usable spherical launching vehicle instead of deploying the mooring weight down from a surface vessel. After being lowered to the seafloor, the string unfurls to its full length with the buoyant launching vehicle rolling along the two ropes. The design of the vehicle, the loading with a string, and its underwater self-unrolling are detailed in this paper.  
  Address [Aiello, S.; Leonora, E.; Longhitano, F.; Randazzo, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy, Email: eberbee@km3net.de;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000595650800015 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4632  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Alves Garre, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V.; Colomer, M.; Corredoira, I; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Illuminati, G.; Khan Chowdhury, N.R.; Manczak, J.; Pieterse, C.; Real, D.; Salesa Greus, F.; Thakore, T.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Event reconstruction for KM3NeT/ORCA using convolutional neural networks Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 15 Issue 10 Pages P10005 - 39pp  
  Keywords Cherenkov detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Neutrino detectors; Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors  
  Abstract The KM3NeT research infrastructure is currently under construction at two locations in the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ORCA water-Cherenkov neutrino detector off the French coast will instrument several megatons of seawater with photosensors. Its main objective is the determination of the neutrino mass ordering. This work aims at demonstrating the general applicability of deep convolutional neural networks to neutrino telescopes, using simulated datasets for the KM3NeT/ORCA detector as an example. To this end, the networks are employed to achieve reconstruction and classification tasks that constitute an alternative to the analysis pipeline presented for KM3NeT/ORCA in the KM3NeT Letter of Intent. They are used to infer event reconstruction estimates for the energy, the direction, and the interaction point of incident neutrinos. The spatial distribution of Cherenkov light generated by charged particles induced in neutrino interactions is classified as shower- or track-like, and the main background processes associated with the detection of atmospheric neutrinos are recognized. Performance comparisons to machine-learning classification and maximum-likelihood reconstruction algorithms previously developed for KM3NeT/ORCA are provided. It is shown that this application of deep convolutional neural networks to simulated datasets for a large-volume neutrino telescope yields competitive reconstruction results and performance improvements with respect to classical approaches.  
  Address [Aiello, S.; Leonora, E.; Longhitano, F.; Randazzo, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy, Email: thomas.eberl@fau.de;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000577278000005 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 4570  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Alves Garre, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V.; Colomer, M.; Garcia Soto, A.; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Khan Chowdhury, N.R.; Lazo, A.; Manczak, J.; Palacios Gonzalez, J.; Pieterse, C.; Real, D.; Salesa Greus, F.; Sanchez Losa, A.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The KM3NeT multi-PMT optical module Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 17 Issue 7 Pages P07038 - 28pp  
  Keywords Cherenkov detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Neutrino detectors  
  Abstract The optical module of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope is an innovative multi-faceted large area photodetection module. It contains 31 three-inch photomultiplier tubes in a single 0.44 m diameter pressure-resistant glass sphere. The module is a sensory device also comprising calibration instruments and electronics for power, readout and data acquisition. It is capped with a breakout-box with electronics for connection to an electro-optical cable for power and long-distance communication to the onshore control station. The design of the module was qualified for the first time in the deep sea in 2013. Since then, the technology has been further improved to meet requirements of scalability, cost-effectiveness and high reliability. The module features a sub-nanosecond timing accuracy and a dynamic range allowing the measurement of a single photon up to a cascade of thousands of photons, suited for the measurement of the Cherenkov radiation induced in water by secondary particles from interactions of neutrinos with energies in the range of GeV to PeV. A distributed production model has been implemented for the delivery of more than 6000 modules in the coming few years with an average production rate of more than 100 modules per month. In this paper a review is presented of the design of the multi-PMT KM3NeT optical module with a proven effective background suppression and signal recognition and sensitivity to the incoming direction of photons.  
  Address [Aiello, S.; Bruno, R.; Leonora, E.; Longhitano, F.; Randazzo, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Italy, Italy, Email: km3net-pc@km3net.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000898568200003 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5449  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Alves Garre, S.; Calvo, D.; Carretero, V; Garcia Soto, A.; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J. J.; Khan Chowdhury, N.R.; Lazo, A.; Lessing, N.; Manczak, J.; Palacios Gonzalez, J.; Pastor Gomez, E.J.; Rahaman, U.; Real, D.; Salesa Greus, F.; Sanchez Losa, A.; Zornoza, J. D.; Zuñiga, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title KM3NeT broadcast optical data transport system Type Journal Article
  Year 2023 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages T02001 - 22pp  
  Keywords Cherenkov detectors; Data Processing; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Optics  
  Abstract The optical data transport system of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea will provide more than 6000 optical modules in the detector arrays with a point-to-point optical connection to the control stations onshore. The ARCA and ORCA detectors of KM3NeT are being installed at a depth of about 3500 m and 2500 m, respectively and their distance to the control stations is about 100 kilometers and 40 kilometers. In particular, the two detectors are optimised for the detection of cosmic neutrinos with energies above about 1 TeV (ARCA) and for the detection of atmospheric neutrinos with energies in the range 1 GeV-1 TeV (ORCA). The expected maximum data rate is 200 Mbps per optical module. The implemented optical data transport system matches the layouts of the networks of electro-optical cables and junction boxes in the deep sea. For efficient use of the fibres in the system the technology of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing is applied. The performance of the optical system in terms of measured bit error rates, optical budget are presented. The next steps in the implementation of the system are also discussed.  
  Address [Aiello, S.; Bruno, R.; Leonora, E.; Longhitano, F.; Randazzo, N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, I-95123 Catania, Italy  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000989217700001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5565  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author KM3NeT Collaboration (Aiello, S. et al); Barrios-Marti, J.; Calvo, D.; Coleiro, A.; Colomer, M.; Gozzini, S.R.; Hernandez-Rey, J.J.; Illuminati, G.; Khan-Chowdhury, N.R.; Lotze, M.; Perez Romero, J.; Real, D.; Thakore, T.; Zornoza, J.D.; Zuñiga, J. doi  openurl
  Title Characterisation of the Hamamatsu photomultipliers for the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescope Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 13 Issue Pages P05035 - 17pp  
  Keywords Cherenkov detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Neutrino detectors; Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (vacuum)  
  Abstract The Hamamatsu R12199-023-inch photomultiplier tube is the photodetector chosen for the first phase of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. About 7000 photomultipliers have been characterised for dark count rate, timing spread and spurious pulses. The quantum efficiency, the gain and the peak-to-valley ratio have also been measured for a sub-sample in order to determine parameter values needed as input to numerical simulations of the detector.  
  Address [Morganti, M.] Accademia Navale Livorno, Viale Italia 72, I-57100 Livorno, Italy, Email: oleg.kalekin@physik.uni-erlangen.de;  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000433886900001 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 3601  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author LHCb Collaboration (Aaij, R. et al); Martinez-Vidal, F.; Oyanguren, A.; Ruiz Valls, P.; Sanchez Mayordomo, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title LHCb detector performance Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication International Journal of Modern Physics A Abbreviated Journal Int. J. Mod. Phys. A  
  Volume 30 Issue 7 Pages 1530022 - 73pp  
  Keywords Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; particle tracking detectors; gaseous detectors; calorimeters; Cherenkov detectors; particle identification methods; detector alignment and calibration methods; trigger; LHC  
  Abstract The LHCb detector is a forward spectrometer at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The experiment is designed for precision measurements of CP violation and rare decays of beauty and charm hadrons. In this paper the performance of the various LHCb sub-detectors and the trigger system are described, using data taken from 2010 to 2012. It is shown that the design criteria of the experiment have been met. The excellent performance of the detector has allowed the LHCb collaboration to publish a wide range of physics results, demonstrating LHCb's unique role, both as a heavy flavour experiment and as a general purpose detector in the forward region.  
  Address [Bediaga, I.; De Miranda, J. M.; Rodrigues, F. Ferreira; Gomes, A.; Massafferri, A.; dos Reis, A. C.; Rodrigues, A. B.] Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher World Scientific Publ Co Pte Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0217-751x ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000350814000002 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 2151  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Pierre Auger Collaboration (Abreu, P. et al); Pastor, S. doi  openurl
  Title The Pierre Auger Observatory scaler mode for the study of solar activity modulation of galactic cosmic rays Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 6 Issue Pages P01003 - 16pp  
  Keywords Cherenkov detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle detectors  
  Abstract Since data-taking began in January 2004, the Pierre Auger Observatory has been recording the count rates of low energy secondary cosmic ray particles for the self-calibration of the ground detectors of its surface detector array. After correcting for atmospheric effects, modulations of galactic cosmic rays due to solar activity and transient events are observed. Temporal variations related with the activity of the heliosphere can be determined with high accuracy due to the high total count rates. In this study, the available data are presented together with an analysis focused on the observation of Forbush decreases, where a strong correlation with neutron monitor data is found.  
  Address [Abreu, P.; Andringa, S.; Assis, P.; Brogueira, P.; Cazon, L.; Conceicao, R.; Goncalves, P.; Pimenta, M.; Santo, C. E.; Santos, E.; Tome, B.] LIP, P-1000 Lisbon, Portugal  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Iop Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes ISI:000291345600003 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 646  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Super-Kamiokande Collaboration (Abe, K. et al); Molina Sedgwick, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Neutron tagging following atmospheric neutrino events in a water Cherenkov detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication Journal of Instrumentation Abbreviated Journal J. Instrum.  
  Volume 17 Issue 10 Pages P10029 - 41pp  
  Keywords Particle identification methods; Cherenkov detectors; Neutrino detectors; Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics  
  Abstract We present the development of neutron-tagging techniques in Super-Kamiokande IV using a neural network analysis. The detection efficiency of neutron capture on hydrogen is estimated to be 26%, with a mis-tag rate of 0.016 per neutrino event. The uncertainty of the tagging efficiency is estimated to be 9.0%. Measurement of the tagging efficiency with data from an Americium-Beryllium calibration agrees with this value within 10%. The tagging procedure was performed on 3,244.4 days of SK-IV atmospheric neutrino data, identifying 18,091 neutrons in 26,473 neutrino events. The fitted neutron capture lifetime was measured as 218 +/- 9 μs.  
  Address [Abe, K.; Haga, Y.; Hayato, Y.; Hiraide, K.; Ieki, K.; Ikeda, M.; Imaizumi, S.; Iyogi, K.; Kameda, J.; Kanemura, Y.; Kataoka, Y.; Kato, Y.; Kishimoto, Y.; Miki, S.; Mine, S.; Miura, M.; Mochizuki, T.; Moriyama, S.; Nagao, Y.; Nakahata, M.; Nakajima, T.; Nakano, Y.; Nakayama, S.; Okada, T.; Okamoto, K.; Orii, A.; Sato, K.; Sekiya, H.; Shiozawa, M.; Sonoda, Y.; Suzuki, Y.; Takeda, A.; Takemoto, Y.; Takenaka, A.; Tanaka, H.; Tasaka, S.; Tomura, T.; Ueno, K.; Watanabe, S.; Yano, T.; Yokozawa, T.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kamioka Observ, Gifu, Akita 5061205, Japan, Email: hayato@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IOP Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1748-0221 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes WOS:000898723700008 Approved no  
  Is ISI yes International Collaboration yes  
  Call Number IFIC @ pastor @ Serial 5441  
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