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Author  |
Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S. |
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Title |
Soundness of dark energy properties |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. |
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Volume |
07 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
045 - 45pp |
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Keywords |
supernova type Ia – standard candles; dark energy experiments; cosmological parameters from CMBR; cosmological parameters from LSS |
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Abstract |
Type Ia Supernovae (SNeIa) used as standardizable candles have been instrumental in the discovery of cosmic acceleration, usually attributed to some form of dark energy (DE). Recent studies have raised the issue of whether intrinsic SNeIa luminosities might evolve with redshift. While the evidence for cosmic acceleration is robust to this possible systematic, the question remains of how much the latter can affect the inferred properties of the DE component responsible for cosmic acceleration. This is the question we address in this work. We use SNeIa distance moduli measurements from the Pantheon and JLA samples. We consider models where the DE equation of state is a free parameter, either constant or time-varying, as well as models where DE and dark matter interact, and finally a model-agnostic parametrization of effects due to modified gravity (MG). When SNeIa data are combined with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropy measurements, we find strong degeneracies between parameters governing the SNeIa systematics, the DE parameters, and the Hubble constant H-0. These degeneracies significantly broaden the DE parameter uncertainties, in some cases leading to O(sigma) shifts in the central values. However, including low-redshift Baryon Acoustic Oscillation and Cosmic Chronometer measurements, as well as CMB lensing measurements, considerably improves the previous constraints, and the only remaining effect of the examined systematic is a less than or similar to 40% broadening of the uncertainties on the DE parameters. The constraints we derive on the MG parameters are instead basically unaffected by the systematic in question. We therefore confirm the overall soundness of dark energy properties. |
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Address |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England, Email: eleonora.divalentino@mancher.ac.uk; |
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Iop Publishing Ltd |
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English |
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ISSN |
1475-7516 |
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WOS:000551883400049 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4475 |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Melchiorri, A.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S. |
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Title |
Nonminimal dark sector physics and cosmological tensions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
101 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
063502 - 20pp |
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Abstract |
We explore whether nonstandard dark sector physics might be required to solve the existing cosmological tensions. The properties we consider in combination are (a) an interaction between the dark matter and dark energy components and (b) a dark energy equation of state w different from that of the canonical cosmological constant w = -1. In principle, these two parameters are independent. In practice, to avoid early-time, superhorizon instabilities, their allowed parameter spaces are correlated. Moreover, a clear degeneracy exists between these two parameters in the case of cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We analyze three classes of extended interacting dark energy models in light of the 2019 Planck CMB results and Cepheid-calibrated local distance ladder H-0 measurements of Riess et al. (R19), as well as recent baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) distance data. We find that in quintessence coupled dark energy models, where w > -1, the evidence for a nonzero coupling between the two dark sectors can surpass the 5 sigma significance. Moreover, for both Planck + BAO or Planck + SNeIa, we find a preference for w > -1 at about three standard deviations. Quintessence models are, therefore, in excellent agreement with current data when an interaction is considered. On the other hand, in phantom coupled dark energy models, there is no such preference for a nonzero dark sector coupling. All the models we consider significantly raise the value of the Hubble constant, easing the H-0 tension. In the interacting scenario, the disagreement between Planck thorn BAO and R19 is considerably reduced from 4.3 sigma in the case of the Lambda cold dark matter (Lambda CDM) model to about 2.5 sigma. The addition of low-redshift BAO and SNeIa measurements leaves, therefore, some residual tension with R19 but at a level that could be justified by a statistical fluctuation. Bayesian evidence considerations mildly disfavor both the coupled quintessence and phantom models, while mildly favoring a coupled vacuum scenario, even when late-time datasets are considered. We conclude that nonminimal dark energy cosmologies, such as coupled quintessence, phantom, or vacuum models, are still an interesting route toward softening existing cosmological tensions, even when low-redshift datasets and Bayesian evidence considerations are taken into account. |
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Address |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England, Email: eleonora.divalentino@manchester.ac.uk; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000517964500003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4309 |
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Author |
Di Valentino, E.; Melchiorri, A.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S. |
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Title |
Interacting dark energy in the early 2020s: A promising solution to the H-0 and cosmic shear tensions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Physics of the Dark Universe |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Dark Universe |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100666 - 12pp |
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Keywords |
Hubble tension; Cosmological parameters; Dark matter; Dark energy; Interacting dark energy |
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Abstract |
We examine interactions between dark matter and dark energy in light of the latest cosmological observations, focusing on a specific model with coupling proportional to the dark energy density. Our data includes Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements from the Planck 2018 legacy data release, late-time measurements of the expansion history from Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Supernovae Type Ia (SNeIa), galaxy clustering and cosmic shear measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results, and the 2019 local distance ladder measurement of the Hubble constant H-0 from the Hubble Space Telescope. Considering Planck data both in combination with BAO or SNeIa data reduces the H-0 tension to a level which could possibly be compatible with a statistical fluctuation. The very same model also significantly reduces the Omega(m) – sigma(8) tension between CMB and cosmic shear measurements. Interactions between the dark sectors of our Universe remain therefore a promising joint solution to these persisting cosmological tensions. |
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Address |
[Di Valentino, Eleonora] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England, Email: eleonora.divalentino@manchester.ac.uk; |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
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English |
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ISSN |
2212-6864 |
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Notes |
WOS:000595300400037 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
4646 |
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Author |
Gerbino, M.; Freese, K.; Vagnozzi, S.; Lattanzi, M.; Mena, O.; Giusarma, E.; Ho, S. |
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Title |
Impact of neutrino properties on the estimation of inflationary parameters from current and future observations |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
043512 - 22pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We study the impact of assumptions about neutrino properties on the estimation of inflationary parameters from cosmological data, with a specific focus on the allowed contours in the n(s)/r plane, where n(s) is the scalar spectral index and r is the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We study the following neutrino properties: (i) the total neutrino mass M-i = Sigma(i)m(i) (where the index i = 1, 2, 3 runs over the three neutrino mass eigenstates); (ii) the number of relativistic degrees of freedom N-eff at the time of recombination; and (iii) the neutrino hierarchy. Whereas previous literature assumed three degenerate neutrino masses or two massless neutrino species (approximations that clearly do not match neutrino oscillation data), we study the cases of normal and inverted hierarchy. Our basic result is that these three neutrino properties induce < 1 sigma shift of the probability contours in the n(s)/r plane with both current or upcoming data. We find that the choice of neutrino hierarchy (normal, inverted, or degenerate) has a negligible impact. However, the minimal cutoff on the total neutrino mass M-v,M-min = 0 that accompanies previous works using the degenerate hierarchy does introduce biases in the n(s)/r plane and should be replaced by M-v,M-min = 0.059 eV as required by oscillation data. Using current cosmic microwave background (CMB) data from Planck and Bicep/Keck, marginalizing over the total neutrino mass M-v and over r can lead to a shift in the mean value of ns of similar to 0.3 sigma toward lower values. However, once baryon acoustic oscillation measurements are included, the standard contours in the n(s)/r plane are basically reproduced. Larger shifts of the contours in the n(s)/r plane (up to 0.8 sigma) arise for nonstandard values of N-eff. We also provide forecasts for the future CMB experiments Cosmic Origins Explorer (COrE, satellite) and Stage-IV (ground-based) and show that the incomplete knowledge of neutrino properties, taken into account by a marginalization over M-v, could induce a shift of similar to 0.4 sigma toward lower values in the determination of ns (or a similar to 0.8 sigma shift if one marginalizes over N-eff). Comparison to specific inflationary models is shown. Imperfect knowledge of neutrino properties must be taken into account properly, given the desired precision in determining whether or not inflationary models match the future data. |
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Address |
[Gerbino, Martina; Freese, Katherine; Vagnozzi, Sunny] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Email: martina.gerbino@fysik.su.se; |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Notes |
WOS:000427057900001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3514 |
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Author |
Giusarma, E.; Gerbino, M.; Mena, O.; Vagnozzi, S.; Ho, S.; Freese, K. |
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Title |
Improvement of cosmological neutrino mass bounds |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
083522 - 8pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The most recent measurements of the temperature and low-multipole polarization anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background from the Planck satellite, when combined with galaxy clustering data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey in the form of the full shape of the power spectrum, and with baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, provide a 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper bound on the sum of the three active neutrinos Sigma m(nu) < 0.183 eV, among the tightest neutrino mass bounds in the literature, to date, when the same data sets are taken into account. This very same data combination is able to set, at similar to 70% C.L., an upper limit on Sigma m(nu) of 0.0968 eV, a value that approximately corresponds to the minimal mass expected in the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy scenario. If high-multipole polarization data from Planck is also considered, the 95% C.L. upper bound is tightened to Sigma m(nu) < 0.176 eV. Further improvements are obtained by considering recent measurements of the Hubble parameter. These limits are obtained assuming a specific nondegenerate neutrino mass spectrum; they slightly worsen when considering other degenerate neutrino mass schemes. Low-redshift quantities, such as the Hubble constant or the reionization optical depth, play a very important role when setting the neutrino mass constraints. We also comment on the eventual shifts in the cosmological bounds on Sigma m(nu) when possible variations in the former two quantities are addressed. |
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Address |
[Giusarma, Elena; Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA, Email: egiusarm@andrew.cmu.edu; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
Summary Language |
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2470-0010 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000387120400003 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
2855 |
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Author |
Hagstotz, S.; de Salas, P.F.; Gariazzo, S.; Pastor, S.; Gerbino, M.; Lattanzi, M.; Vagnozzi, S.; Freese, K. |
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Title |
Bounds on light sterile neutrino mass and mixing from cosmology and laboratory searches |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
123524 - 20pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We present a consistent framework to set limits on properties of light sterile neutrinos coupled to all three active neutrinos using a combination of the latest cosmological data and terrestrial measurements from oscillations, beta-decay, and neutrinoless double-beta-decay (0 nu beta beta) experiments. We directly constrain the full 3 + 1 active-sterile mixing matrix elements vertical bar U-alpha 4 vertical bar(2) , with alpha is an element of (e,mu,tau), and the mass-squared splitting Delta m(41)(2) (math) m(4)(2) – m(1)(2). We find that results for a 3 + 1 case differ from previously studied 1 + 1 scenarios where the sterile is coupled to only one of the neutrinos, which is largely explained by parameter space volume effects. Limits on the mass splitting and the mixing matrix elements are currently dominated by the cosmological datasets. The exact results are slightly prior dependent, but we reliably find all matrix elements to be constrained below vertical bar U-alpha 4 vertical bar(2) less than or similar to 10(-3) . Short-baseline neutrino oscillation hints in favor of eV-scale sterile neutrinos arc in serious tension with these bounds, irrespective of prior assumptions. We also translate the bounds from the cosmological analysis into constraints on the parameters probed by laboratory searches, such as m(beta) or m(beta)(beta), the effective mass parameters probed by beta-decay and 0 nu beta beta searches, respectively. When allowing for mixing with a light sterile neutrino, cosmology leads to upper bounds of m(beta) < 0.09 eV and m(beta)(beta )< 0.07 eV at 95% CL, more stringent than the limits from current laboratory experiments. |
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Address |
[Hagstotz, Steffen; de Salas, Pablo F.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Roslagstullsbacken 21A, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Email: steffen.hagstotz@fysik.su.se |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000730829500002 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5055 |
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Author |
Nunes, R.C.; Vagnozzi, S.; Kumar, S.; Di Valentino, E.; Mena, O. |
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Title |
New tests of dark sector interactions from the full-shape galaxy power spectrum |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
105 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
123506 - 18pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We explore the role of redshift-space galaxy clustering data in constraining nongravitational interactions between dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM), for which state-of-the-art limits have so far been obtained from late-time background measurements. We use the joint likelihood for prereconstruction full-shape (FS) galaxy power spectrum and postreconstruction Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements from the BOSS DR12 sample, alongside Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from Planck: from this dataset combination we infer H0 1/4 68.02+0.49 and the 2?? lower limit ?? > ???0.12, among the strongest limits ever reported on the DM-DE coupling strength ?? for the particular model considered. Contrary to what has been observed for the ??CDM model and simple extensions thereof, we find that the CMB + FS combination returns tighter constraints compared to the CMB + BAO one, suggesting that there is valuable additional information contained in the broadband of the power spectrum. We test this finding by running additional CMB-free analyses and removing sound horizon information, and discuss the important role of the equality scale in setting constraints on DM-DE interactions. Our results reinforce the critical role played by redshift-space galaxy clustering measurements in the epoch of precision cosmology, particularly in relation to tests of nonminimal dark sector extensions of the ??CDM model. |
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Address |
[Nunes, Rafael C.] Univ Fed Rio Grande Do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, Email: rafadcnunes@gmail.com; |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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2470-0010 |
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Notes |
WOS:000813312800005 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
5269 |
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Author |
Vagnozzi, S.; Dhawan, S.; Gerbino, M.; Freese, K.; Goobar, A.; Mena, O. |
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Title |
Constraints on the sum of the neutrino masses in dynamical dark energy models with w(z) >=-1 are tighter than those obtained in Lambda CDM |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Physical Review D |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. D |
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Volume |
98 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
083501 - 20pp |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We explore cosmological constraints on the sum of the three active neutrino masses M-v in the context of dynamical dark energy (DDE) models with equation of state (EoS) parametrized as a function of redshift z by w(z) = w(0) + w(a)z/ (1 + z), and satisfying w(z) >= -1 for all z. We make use of cosmic microwave background data from the Planck satellite, baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, and supernovae la luminosity distance measurements, and perform a Bayesian analysis. We show that, within these models, the bounds on M-v do not degrade with respect to those obtained in the Lambda CDM case; in fact, the bounds arc slightly tighter, despite the enlarged parameter space. We explain our results based on the observation that, for fixed choices of w(0), w(a) such that w(z) >= -1 (but not w = -1 for all z), the upper limit on M-v is tighter than the Lambda CDM limit because of the well-known degeneracy between w and M-v. The Bayesian analysis we have carried out then integrates over the possible values of w(0)-w(a) such that w(z) >= -1, all of which correspond to tighter limits on M-v than the Lambda CDM limit. We find a 95% credible interval (C.I.) upper bound of M-v < 0.13 eV. This bound can be compared with the 95% C.I. upper bounds of M-v < 0.16 eV, obtained within the Lambda CDM model, and M-v < 0.41 eV, obtained in a DDE model with arbitrary EoS (which allows values of w < -1). Contrary to the results derived for DDE models with arbitrary EoS, we find that a dark energy component with w(z) >= -1 is unable to alleviate the tension between high-redshift observables and direct measurements of the Hubble constant H o . Finally, in light of the results of this analysis, we also discuss the implications for DDE models of a possible determination of the neutrino mass ordering by laboratory searches. |
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Address |
[Vagnozzi, Sunny; Dhawan, Suhail; Gerbino, Martina; Freese, Katherine; Goobar, Ariel] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Email: sunny.vagnozzi@fysik.su.se |
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Publisher |
Amer Physical Soc |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2470-0010 |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
WOS:000446136900001 |
Approved |
no |
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Is ISI |
yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
Serial |
3749 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vagnozzi, S.; Di Valentino, E.; Gariazzo, S.; Melchiorri, A.; Mena, O.; Silk, J. |
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Title |
The galaxy power spectrum take on spatial curvature and cosmic concordance |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Physics of the Dark Universe |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Dark Universe |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100851 - 17pp |
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Keywords |
Cosmological parameters; Spatial curvature; Cosmological tensions |
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Abstract |
The concordance of the ACDM cosmological model in light of current observations has been the subject of an intense debate in recent months. The 2018 Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy power spectrum measurements appear at face value to favour a spatially closed Universe with curvature parameter Omega(K) < 0. This preference disappears if Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements are combined with Planck data to break the geometrical degeneracy, although the reliability of this combination has been questioned due to the strong tension present between the two datasets when assuming a curved Universe. Here, we approach this issue from yet another point of view, using measurements of the full-shape (FS) galaxy power spectrum, P(k), from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey DR12 CMASS sample. By combining Planck data with FS measurements, we break the geometrical degeneracy and find Omega(K) = 0.0023 +/- 0.0028. This constrains the Universe to be spatially flat to sub-percent precision, in excellent agreement with results obtained using BAO measurements. However, as with BAO, the overall increase in the best-fit chi(2) suggests a similar level of tension between Planck and P(k) under the assumption of a curved Universe. While the debate on spatial curvature and the concordance between cosmological datasets remains open, our results provide new perspectives on the issue, highlighting the crucial role of FS measurements in the era of precision cosmology. |
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[Vagnozzi, Sunny] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England, Email: sunny.vagnozzi@ast.cam.ac.uk; |
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Elsevier |
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WOS:000704383100022 |
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no |
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yes |
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yes |
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IFIC @ pastor @ |
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4984 |
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Author |
Vagnozzi, S.; Giusarma, E.; Mena, O.; Freese, K.; Gerbino, M.; Ho, S.; Lattanzi, M. |
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Title |
Unveiling nu secrets with cosmological data: Neutrino masses and mass hierarchy |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Physical Review D |
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Phys. Rev. D |
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96 |
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12 |
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123503 - 26pp |
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Using some of the latest cosmological data sets publicly available, we derive the strongest bounds in the literature on the sum of the three active neutrino masses, M-nu, within the assumption of a background flat Lambda CDM cosmology. In the most conservative scheme, combining Planck cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) data, as well as the up-to-date constraint on the optical depth to reionization (tau), the tightest 95% confidence level upper bound we find is M-nu < 0.151 eV. The addition of Planck high-l polarization data, which, however, might still be contaminated by systematics, further tightens the bound to M-nu < 0.118 eV. A proper model comparison treatment shows that the two aforementioned combinations disfavor the inverted hierarchy at similar to 64% C.L. and similar to 71% C.L., respectively. In addition, we compare the constraining power of measurements of the full- shape galaxy power spectrum versus the BAO signature, from the BOSS survey. Even though the latest BOSS full-shape measurements cover a larger volume and benefit from smaller error bars compared to previous similar measurements, the analysis method commonly adopted results in their constraining power still being less powerful than that of the extracted BAO signal. Our work uses only cosmological data; imposing the constraint M-nu > 0.06 eV from oscillations data would raise the quoted upper bounds by O(0.1 sigma) and would not affect our conclusions. |
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[Vagnozzi, Sunny; Freese, Katherine; Gerbino, Martina] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden, Email: sunny.vagnozzi@fysik.su.se; |
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Amer Physical Soc |
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English |
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2470-0010 |
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WOS:000416948100004 |
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no |
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yes |
International Collaboration |
yes |
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Call Number |
IFIC @ pastor @ |
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3396 |
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